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INow, Your out of context quotes seem not to address my actual points or examples. I could suggest reading my post again, bearing in mind that I'm trying to describe how actual sports fans approach issues of fair competition, but I can't tell if you're really open to that. As regards "I reject your premise that allowing transgendered females to compete in sports as female is unfair. " this was not my premise. Indeed, prior posts of mine pointed out that some sports are finesse-based to where body mass, fast-twitch muscle and aerobic capacity don't much matter. Some sports are about endurance, where size may even be a slight detriment. But one can't simply duck the issues in sports where those physiological factors do matter, and paste smiley-faced stickers of acceptance without looking at evidence. I am probably somewhere to the left of Bernie Sanders on some issues, and it may turn out trans females can play fairly in almost all sports, but that doesn't mean I can join in any cancellation of real questions and concerns people have about the physical disparity issues. My offered scenario may prove to be a bogeyman, but it's the right of anyone, especially people with daughters in sports, to voice their concerns without being belittled or vilified. Asking questions is where good science comes from, and I always have to put science before politics. Always.

"Any honest observer" is an argument fallacy similar to No True Scotsman. If I disagree that a focus on fairness is disingenuous, or a cudgel, then my disagreement has no merit because you've already ruled me as dishonest. Surely you can see this is not the way to move me or anyone towards your position. (FTR, I accept all LGBT people for who they are, to the point of speaking out publicly and joining street demonstrations, at various points in my life. ) Fairness is central to sports, as anyone who has ever attended or watched a sporting event knows. If you are rooting for a team or person, you want to know the playing field is level and that whoever won did so "fair and square. " This lies at the very heart of sports, and all games. I see no supporting evidence from you that, because anti-trans bigotry does exist in society, the passion for fairness is all a cloak for that bigotry. Nor do I see athletic fairness as "nebulous and arbitrary, " -- indeed, when I used to watch a fair amount of ML baseball, it struck me how precision-based and carefully defined the issues of fair play were. Fans watch the umpires and league regulatory activities like ferocious and keen-eyed watchdogs. To use a concrete example, based on events in my state: imagine you live in a small town, which avidly follows the HS girls soccer team, and your daughter plays. She does well, her team advances to the state finals. She and her teammates, and her competitors, have all been cis-females. They've worked hard developing skill and teamwork. Then a team from the town of, we'll call it Podunk, suddenly rises from obscurity, and starts winning every game (previously, its seasons were painfully reminiscent of the 1962 NY Mets, every year), blasting its way towards the championship. Your daughter and her team are annihilated by Podunk, as one spectacular player on the opposing team, large, fast, with unusual musculature and explosive strength, scores again and again. Several players, including your daughter, are injured in collisions with this girl's soccer superstar who, at 6/3 and 210 pounds, packs quite the inertia against players who average 5/6 and 125 pounds. Fans start asking questions. They're not anti-trans, they're not making any assumptions about doping, or shady out-of-state recruiting of ringers, or steroids. They just sense something is not quite fair and they want to know why all games with Podunk are so glaringly lopsided. My point is: concern with fairness doesn't start with some sort of animus against trans people or lack of acceptance. It starts with that basic human social animal hardwired instinct to ask if a competition is fair, with well-matched competitors. And that, I hope, also addresses your question earlier as to why people care so much about this topic.

And is this actually happening and is there ANY evidence confirming that it’s happening, or is this YET ANOTHER fear mongering fictional narrative being baselessly spouted by the folks who hold the opposite position from me on this topic? Let me be clear. I’m not belittling the importance of female sports. I’m belittling the importance of people who think transgendered females aren’t to be treated as females. At that informal scrimmage… it’s moot anyway since we’re not talking about males playing against females in sports. Thank you for reinforcing my central point so clearly that this is about you refusing to accept transgendered females as female. And sadly you refuse to see Jill.

The perception of harshness is easily avoided if one doesn't become emotionally invested and realise ones idea is being critiqued and not the person. In scientific discourse, emotion is generally left out in responses, and this austerity of feelings is not usual in the social intercourse we have in our daily lives. Once one realizes this, it shouldn't be an issue anymore.

I realize that and also know you well enough to not think you are a troll or anti-LGBTQ. The real-life potential structural stress for my home is for an earthquake, lightening strike and tornado to hit while my house is on fire. As that is outside the realm of a reasonable expectation, the building codes don't reflect that. Yes, I know that. I also know that the "World's top male decathlete" did not transition from male to female. When Caitlyn transitioned she couldn't have competed with a group of 17 year old kids much less in the Olympic Decathlon. She may also have a perspective on how to win a Republican run for governor.

My mistake as I didn't realize the 6/3 210 vs 5/6 125 was a real-life example. However I do feel the Mike Tyson and Usain Bolt examples were over the top. As you stated XY was 'clearly biologically male' I assumed that meant all XY people. Little is out of the realm of the possible. But unless you have an example of that it drags us off course rather than dealing with real life. On another note, my aunt Cathy does think it is fair. We can probably toss out the opinions of those two though as it isn't really germane. Good. If you can get rid of everyone like me you can develop the rules in an echo chamber.

Einstein's equations in general are complicated. They involve second derivatives of the metric arranged in an object with many (10) components (Einstein tensor; LHS of EE). And they are non-linear. On the RHS of Einstein's eqs. you have the distribution of matter, radiation, etc., in the universe. Schematically, they are: Geometry = matter Under assumptions of symmetry at large scale (isotropy=space is the same in every direction; homogeneity=space is the same everywhere) you get to a simple form of EE that's FLRW (Friedmann, etc.) that only involves the scale factor, which codifies the expansion of the universe. Very briefly, the Friedmann equations are Einstein's equations when you plug in several distributions of matter in the universe. On the RHS you plug in different distributions of matter dependent on the scale factor (radiation-dominated, matter-dominated, vacuum-energy dominated). And you solve, and get a rough picture of the different phases of the universe. I hope that was helpful.

This particular link was to rebut your specific claim. This is not an acknowledgment of the error; this is moving the goalposts. There was no mention of testosterone or sports. The article doesn’t mention testosterone levels or sports.

No such border exists, if you only have the “is” I have no idea. What’s north of the north pole?

Sorry, that probably wasn't a differential lock. That was probably for free wheeling hubs. It disconnected (or connected) your front hubs to the front axles. It was so when you were driving along in 2 wheel drive, the front wheels could turn without turning the front diff or the front drive shaft. Saves fuel and wear and tear (including tyres). One of my Father's several Land Rovers (this one was a Series II soft top) had such manually controlled front hubs. If I was out with him, it was my job to hop out with a short bit of broom handle, with a slot cut in the end, to activate/deactivate the hubs. More modern vehicles do this automatically.

Except this is not true. Reality is not this simple. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/sex-redefined-the-idea-of-2-sexes-is-overly-simplistic1/ doctors have long known that some people straddle the boundary—their sex chromosomes say one thing, but their gonads (ovaries or testes) or sexual anatomy say another. …. Gene mutations affecting gonad development can result in a person with XY chromosomes developing typically female characteristics, whereas alterations in hormone signalling can cause XX individuals to develop along male lines.

The BB is the theory of the evolution of the universe/space/time (as we know them) from t+10-45 seconds. All of space and time, (as we know them) was packed to within the volume of an atomic nucleus, so as a result, the expansion occurs everywhere, with no hint of any center, as the blowing up a balloon analogy typifies. The CMBR at 2.7K is a generally uniformed temperature through all of space. The various tiny variations in that temperature, are the seeds for galactic formation. We are certainly the center of our observable universe, the same as my cousin in M31 is the center of his observable universe. The BB while certainly still having some problems, aligns with the four main pillars of cosmology. [1] Observed expansion mentally reversed, [2] Generally Uniformed CMBR, [3] abundance of lighter elements, and [4] galactic formation. You see the biggest part of your post/thread that has me wondering and full of doubt, is that as per many many others that somehow believe they have discovered/fabricated a new model of the universe and how it came to be, you fail to post in the correct thread. Why is that?

Oh, look! Yet another fictional narrative bogeyman with zero basis in reality. I reject your premise that allowing transgendered females to compete in sports as female is unfair. Am I the only one reminded by this comment of the “big scary black man” stereotype?