Leaderboard

This Zeno paradox is deeper than any of the others and was not properly answered for 150+ years after the others. The other Zeno paradoxes rely on sequences of integers and their reciprocals. This one relies on something deeper. The solution came after it became necessary to integrate many functions that could not be integrated by the Riemann integral, commonly taught in high school today. As you likely know, the Riemann integral is the sum of lots of small rectangles that make up the area under a curve. In fact it is the limit as the width of these rectangles ten to zero. But Zeno's question is what happens when that limit is reached ie the width is zero? The generalisation the the Riemann integral was introduced by Lebesgue (1875 - 1941) adn this ushered in what today is known as measure theory. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Lebesgue The other approach to this issue was also developed in the first half of the 29th century by Paul Dirac and is known as the Dirac Delta function.

it does seem I was incorrect in my assessment of the reciprocal loss, as the pistons slow down at the end of travel, returning the start up energy. The fact that the engine is a closed system was the key....my idea that energy must be used to slow down the mass is from an open system, say a space craft in space needing to exert energy to slow down. Thank you studiot and exchemist.

I watched this over the weekend. Overall I thought it was a humorous, provocative, and scarily accurate depiction of what happens when human beings are confronted with a dire threat (in this case an extinction level event arising from a direct hit by a 5-10 km wide comet). Meryl Streep's character, President Orlean, was very well written. She's basically the female Trump, governing an administration infested with nepotism, corruption, and private donors. Interestingly this film was panned by critics - perhaps because it's message about the superficiality of the media hit a little too close to home. Synopsis from IMDB: "Kate Dibiasky (Jennifer Lawrence), an astronomy grad student, and her professor Dr. Randall Mindy (Leonardo DiCaprio) make an astounding discovery of a comet orbiting within the solar system. The problem - it's on a direct collision course with Earth. The other problem? No one really seems to care. Turns out warning mankind about a planet-killer the size of Mount Everest is an inconvenient fact to navigate. With the help of Dr. Oglethorpe (Rob Morgan), Kate and Randall embark on a media tour that takes them from the office of an indifferent President Orlean (Meryl Streep) and her sycophantic son and Chief of Staff, Jason (Jonah Hill), to the airwaves of The Daily Rip, an upbeat morning show hosted by Brie (Cate Blanchett) and Jack (Tyler Perry). With only six months until the comet makes impact, managing the 24-hour news cycle and gaining the attention of the social media obsessed public before it's too late proves shockingly comical - what will it take to get the world to just look up?" https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11286314/

If you can suggest he was corrupt and intellectually dishonest, you don't have to actually study his work. Huge time saver for the ignorant.

I wanted to revive this thread, because that always seems like a good idea, I am autistic we are still trying to lock down where on the spectrum but I have an inability to lie, the concept of lying is "off" to me it doesn't feel real in my head. I am 51 and was married for 20 years to an amazing woman who unfortunately was very ill and died in 2018, she loved to paint and always asked me to critic her work knowing there would be no bias in my response, being unable to lie makes you understand just how much of a survival trait lying is, or deception, she always told me that she valued that honesty. So the "does my bum look fat?" the answer would be based on fact, knowing my Wife spent 3 months designing and creating her own dress, knowing how much that hurt her frail and weakened hands and knowing when she finished it there was flaws in the dress design and it didn't really suit her (not opinion), how do you think it made me feel to convey that to her. I have never in my life been able to plan a surprise birthday party, I was never able to buy a present for someone early because I couldn't keep it hidden. All the way to the other side of the coin where my Wife is laying in bed dying and she asked me how she was and I had to tell her. To the moment when she had a double cardiac arrest and I knew enough about her heart condition to tell the Doctors to stop trying she isn't coming back. And the truly dark and dangerous side an inability to lie to myself, which is not a great survival trait.

Ring the bells that still can ring Forget your perfect offering There is a crack in everything That’s how the light gets in

Substitute Karl Marx for Jesus and Communism for Christianity, and you have the same results, but much more recent. Every institution can be perverted by unscrupulous people for their own ends.

Political satire at it's best. Subtle, funny, eye brow raising.

That happened very early on. Christianity was still a very young and largely unrecognized cult when Constantine took control of it, and the first administrative bodies of the Holy Roman church were given great temporal power and opportunities to accumulate wealth. The inclusion in the christian canonical text of the very materialistic, patriarchal, landowner and caste oriented, as well as severely punitive, OT was no accident in the materialistic and hierarchical Roman Empire. In fact, except for a few heretical sects that later cropped up and were eradicated or at least persecuted by the state-established churches, both catholic and later Protestant, the old testament has continued to exert far greater influence on the laws and mores of christian Europe and its offshoots than any sermons from Jesus. They accept the sacrifice and redemption - not the lesson.

Given plastic waste can be turned into liquid hydrocarbons and those can be used as rocket fuel - yes. It doesn't look like an efficient means of either reducing plastic pollution or producing rocket fuel. Ultimately we need to shift to recyclable/decomposable plastics and make rocket fuels using low emissions methods.

In the sense that extremists imposing their will on everyone else - veganism would be a hindrance. But I think true of pretty much every kind of extreme ideology that is uncompromising. The best outcomes look to be in the compromises - the reduced meat eating for health, supply chains that are more environmentally sustainable, minimising animal suffering . I haven't been impressed enough to want to learn more - I rarely eat meat because I don't like it much and I don't like cruel animal husbandry but I eat eggs and milk products regularly. I don't think food proscriptions work - and I am personally familiar with a common human failing; knowing better but doing it anyway. I don't know much about the practicalities of proposed Vegan food production and have tended to be tolerant of Vegan activism that exposes cruel farming practices and promotes eating plant based diets, without any in-depth understanding of their deeper beliefs and aims. Studiot makes a good point that it isn't possible to grow food naturally and exclude animal life. I am more familiar with Permaculture ideas, that use animals and incorporates them systematically. I once heard a then unknown Bill Mollison speak about incorporating chickens into gardening systems around the time the first Permaculture books were published; the final tally of potential useful functions was impressive, as were the practical means of designing gardens, pens and runs to support those uses. It all seemed very practical - a synthesis of existing ideas being the principle "out of the box" idea. He didn't strike me as unthinking and uncompromising (although there are now Permaculture extremists too) and use of the products of science and industry were not rejected - their use was minimised but not excluded. I agree with Peterkin that Vegans are not a major influence; even the promoting of plant based foods doesn't depend on them.

Vane efforts are like building a turbine. Vain efforts don't yield the expected outcome. Vein efforts are when we see blood vessels stand out on your skin.

My name is Colin, I do not wish to reveal my identity as my personality would be exploited but as you guys are mostly morons haha in a kind of nice way.. i thought i drop the coin for you all. I am unable to tell a lie no matter how hard i try and i have tried many times though not to deceive or trick anyone it just doesn't work. Yes i admit i have a condition, i have several but conditions are only what others consider different from the norm. I am basically saying everyone is wrong and i am right. Well from my prospective this is true however i have enough intelligence to know that it can never be possible to be right at everything but again i always stride to be near perfect for if i am perfect then i am wrong (If you understand what that means then you know more than you think or less than you know). I believe the "Condition" is learned and i think i know when it happened to me. My Mother and Father where very intelligent and taught us kids (3) to have deep thoughts and consideration to all life, thoughts and items in our care and others outside the zone. Only a poor intellectual person will assume that liars are intelligent for many reasons but lets assume what was said within this site. .. Yes it may seam like a lie will get you what you want if applied correctly and may be considered to be intelligence. In fact there is nothing wrong with that and it is a level of intelligence. Deception. To deceive a person and or even thing takes a devious mind and inside a devious mind the being will delude themselves depending on how elaborate the deception is and intended and very likely will believe most they think to be true and honest. But lets think about all of this.. You lie to get what you want and you achieve your goal, Yes that is quite intelligent. You may have the overhand of the other person and the comfort within yourself attached to your greed with satisfaction BUT you lost the true Empathy of caring for the other. Empathy and Compassion is a beautiful gift that keeps giving in both directions, Greed is taking, Selfish and Counter Productive to building relationships with others. Now lets look at it in a different way and this is a far better sign of intelligence... You know that making someone happy will get what you want and your own way... Do this instead... Make the other person Feel Happy knowing that what they have given you has made you happy by there choice and then you will feel solemn knowing that you not only made the other person happy but you raised yourself above and your intelligence ego gained a boost.. Hey if you have an Ego then you did something wrong.. The word should have been "Well Being". Back to where i started. I find that i cant tell a lie even when i try and think about it and plan it in my head / mind... when my mouth starts to speak its a bit like turret’s in that i am thinking about what i want to say but my mouth tells the truth and then admits i tried to lie lol Embarrassing to strangers but my friends know what i am like. The "condition" is very good with friends that know about it but can be distressful to them and me when they are strangers and don't know me. It is a "condition" i would never give up as it helps to build very fast trust and weed out fakes and users. Now that’s a different story! Being truthful to the soul of myself over proves to me that i am a good and kind person even if i do get used from time to time and even with my abilities to avoid most of that. Even when i do get bumped i think to myself ... I am a happy person and still happy though i feel sorry for the other person as they are missing so much in life not knowing what it is like to be true and i would also say pure. For those that know about the Balance, Gaia, Karma, Buddhism, Spiritism, One with all, Harmony and the 7 Levels will understand where i am attempting to go with this however that’s a different library, book, chapter and verse. I am happy to chat about this more in depth but i feel that i need to be shallow in this forum lol .. no offence intended and not even to the stupid guy (You know who you are lol) A Thought: If we are of starstoft from the stars and we are the one then togetherness in diversity with all then lying to another is basically lying to yourself and what is the point of that ! Karma is a great factor in treating others with honesty and respect as if binds with your body and emotions and as emotions adjust pheromone levels that others pick up upon and then in turn feel no threat and encouraged to be kind back but that is a bit complicated to explain in here as i would fill all the capacity of the forum on the topic. Basically what goes around determines what comes around but it is actually the other way around. Like lightning does not strike the ground the ground attracts the lightning and as ground and earth in electricity is a Mass and Electrons are an item that attract to the mass and as electricity is drawn and not pushed in a circuit. Regarding Marriage, Yes it is great when the truth is known and your partner can not lie but it can backfire too. However the intelligent partner shout teach the partner his or her ways and how to learn to learn and love the partner. It is not possible then i sadly say you have a partner that can not communicate and will end up in a failed partnership or marriage. I Liked the members remark the most as i have a clear answer to help everyone in any relationship. Relationships and Partnerships thrive on good communications and fail on the lack of it. I figured out when i was about 5 for sure that there is an element in relationships that contribute to near 100% breakups. Yep it happened to our family but i got in the middle and tried to mediate Yes i was 5. My Father and Mother where very intelligent and perfect with us kids but always fight each other... You may say that they where too alike and conflicted. Yes this was also true but what broke them was the inability to speak out and communicate about those nitty gritty everyday stuff, like... i don’t like the toilet seat open or the clothes on the floor etc.. Microbes of issues build up and always end up in an eruption and fallout and neither of the partners know where it even came from. Simple... The partner knows that you don’t lie.... Right!!! Darling you smell a bit, please the knickers on the floor bug me as the kids keep using as hat (Sorry that was not called for but my point..) But being open and honest with the things that bug us help the other to learn what he or she likes and improve attitudes along with knowing what my partner does like and really likes and then the sex life is good too. Lying is a form of Greed, Honesty is a form of Giving, Jealousy if the form of mistrust and lack of communication. Without being rude... When you make love to the partner you are in true love with (Your Soulmate not your Flossie... hmm) Then give rather than take that means satisfy her or him before yourself and let her or him do likewise. You have to be able to give as well as let be given too. I have a hard time with that but i am learning to let my partner give though i am quite good nether the less. If you cant get on with these things then i don't recommend going deep into a relationship as you are likely to both get hurt. And more than anything, a failure will hurt a long time and probably interfere with a future relationship and feelings. I made so many spelling mistakes as i am about to publish this message i am going to cheat and spellcheck it.. Hmm i cant believe i just told you all that lol. (23 Miss spelling mostly to do with ie and ei and 2 erroneous mistypes.) “Does my Bum look big in this ?” , my reply though never happens.. “Darling, I married you only because of your luscious bum and its my Bum but I also love your Face and everything else”, “By the Way Darling your skirt it tucked into your knickers, let me adjust for you” Protecting her modesty. I had to adjust things for my Friends that are Girls and they trust me. I lost my partner and am single for any other that can never lie but that would still be a challenge. All I ask is good communications and anything can work. Tell Her or Even Him if that’s the case.. Your Bum is Always Huge when my eyes delight catches it and it is a beautiful feature, draw attention to your own bum and compare if you would. Continue with other compliments like your Lips are large and soft luscious like a ripe strawberry.. NO Bad thoughts naughty look at her eyes when you say this.. Hmm Getting too Psychic in here. There is actually. If a partner cant communicate then they have no way to trust you or partner / s so best is to tell her the truth and make sure she knows that you are truthful and that’s the only way you are. When she asks you if her Bum (BUM) is big then tell her the truth. Yes Honey Your Bum is HUGE but that’s the way I like it B.A.B.E. Honestly she wont ask that as she will only ask if she lacks confidence within herself or over conscience of her existence. If that is the case then she will need support. It is also another sign that she may not trust you especially if she then gets upset with your opinion / answer. Someone that trusts you will accept your answer yet will respect your output. Does some Nice Honest Person that has the same "Condition" as me like to become my friend ? She may become more than that. He can be a good friend, It is what i will always love, being a Rock, Tree or Earth. and myself for being a good lifeform.

And I gave you the model, which is the photon equation E=hf, which directly links energy to frequency, and loss of energy to drop in frequency. Galactic redshift is nothing more but a direct consequence of the photon model, IF we agree that photons can loose energy over vast distances, due to interactions with other particles or some unknown process, without being blurred. You say that this model is not possible because you know for a fact how light interacts with ALL POSSIBLE PARTICLES (which include unknown particles) on its course of millions or billions light-years, in which light has to travel through plasma clouds, gas clouds, free electrons, neutrinos, and so on, and that all these processes are well known and lead to a scattering of light which would cause light to appear blurred. But we know for a fact that light does indeed travel through those mediums, not just in a pure vacuum, and that it reaches us without being noticebly blurred. For example, each galaxy has an immense halo of electrically charged gas (or plasma), which spreads for millions of light years, and yet we see the galaxies very clearly ! It is extremely unlikely that light somehow manages to travel through these mediums for millions of light years without interacting with other particles and loosing energy in this process. This means that it is extremely likely that light does indeed loose energy, which implies that it is shifted to red, without being blurred, even if you pretend to know for a fact that this is not possible. So here is your model. Now what is your model for space expansion, I mean what do you think that happens in a space that stretches space with this immense acceleration, as though space would be an actual physical object that can somehow change its shape and expand/curve and so on ? Also how do you measure the expansion of a space, if say there are no galaxies in said expanding space, and no galactic redshift to interpret as space expansion ? And finally, what is the experimental evidence for expanding space ? What human made experiment proves without a shadow of a doubt that space does indeed expand ? If you cant answer this questions is becase your expanding space is a total bs with no logical consistency or actual proof, other than galactic redshift, which is a circular argument because you conclude space expands because you presume redshift is caused by space expansion. Your presumption is also the conclusion, circular logical fallacy.

But that formula does not apply to Dark Energy, Einstein. Because no one knows what a dark energy is. That's why its called Dark.

If space has mass then Ether exists. If Ether exists then Einstein is an idiot, because he removed the ether from space. And then ether would explain why light would loose energy - because light travels through a medium of etherium. Not because space itself expands.

Recently I started a topic here in the attempt to explain the galactic redshift without the notion of 'space expansion', which was immediately moved to Speculation by a moderator and closed on the basis that I could not explain the MECHANISM which makes light to loose energy over vast distances, and therefore my whole theory (which is actually based on Fritz Zwicky's tired light) was unsupported and not worthy of consideration because of this. Actually I tried to explain it by saying that the mechanism is Dark Something, a mysterious phenomenon which science has not yet discovered, as I understand from Mainstream Science this a very good and entirely plausible explanation for Space Expansion, which relies on a yet to be discovered DARK ENERGY to explain the mechanism for this space expansion, which in the current BIG BANG Cosmological Model has no scientific explanation what so ever. And for a yet to be discovered DARK MATTER to explain the inconsistency between Einsteins relativity theory and the way galaxies form and spin at huge velocities, which neither Newton's law or Einstein's general relativity explains. This is what caused the moderator to get angry and close the thread. But I only used the same ridiculous explanation that Mainstream uses to explain the mechanism of space expansion, and galaxy formation. If the moderator would be impartial and correct, he should move ALL threads involving space expansion which are based on unexplained mechanisms and unproven entities such as DARK ENERGY and DARK MATTER to SPECULATION, and close them.

In physics, acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an object with mass with respect to time. In physical reality, since F=ma, only objects with mass can accelerate, and objects without mass can't, because there is no mass to accelerate. In cosmology, however, SPACE ITSELF has ACCELERATION (attributed to the expansion rate of space itself). If space is not an actual object with mass (but a mere geometrical concept, which expands for no explainable reason), then WHAT exactly in this 'expanding space' is accelerated, and by what ? Let me guess, it's dark, it's mysterious, and it's everywhere in space. And it's having a really bad day at physics. Space accelerates to in excess of light speed because something dark and mysterious, allegedly called the DARK ENERGY (because the DARK FORCE was already taken by STAR WARS copyright) is possesing space and makes it accelerate faster and faster and faster. Are we sure this is science and not pseudo-science, and an extremelly bad one at that ? I've heard dark age theories which make more sense. Like rats being spontaneously created by satan to spread the plague. Ok, not entirely scientific, but it didnt even pretend to be a scientific theory, and otherwise the theory made perfect sense given what we know about satan. He is dark, he is evil, and doesnt like humans very much. So that was to be expected from a dark medieval era. But this dark science, this is not expected from this Enlightened era and it is simply ridiculous, and atrocius at the same time, that the scientific community is not only coming up with such theories, but it is actually claiming that this utter non-sense is actually 'proven by observations'. Because they simply observe a redshift of light, i.e. a loss of energy of light proportional to distance. So that means space expands with incredible acceleration in excess of the speed of light, because they can't explain it otherwise. But they can't explain why space itself expands with such incredible acceleration either. So why not just leave it at 'we don't know what is causing the galactic redshift', and leave others who are not fucking retarded to explain it ? Because Vatican, who actually invented this big-bang abortion of a theory, as 'scientific evidence' for the creation myth, and money, that's why.