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In Einstein's theory of general relativity, the exterior metric or exterior fluid solution, is an exact solution to the Einstein field equations and Einstein-Maxwell equations that describes the gravitational field and the space-time geometry in the exterior of a non-rotating or rotating neutral or charged spherically symmetric body of mass M, which consists of an incompressible fluid and constant density throughout the body and has zero pressure at the surface and that the electric charge and angular momentum of the mass may be zero or non-zero, and the universal cosmological constant is zero. For a non-zero charged mass, the metric takes into account the Einstein-Maxwell field energy of an electromagnetic field within the space-time geometry. The space-time geometry is in Boyer-Lindquist coordinates. There is a theoretical discontinuity with a Kerr metric tensor element: (ref. 5, ref. 6, pg. 238, ref. 7, pg. 3, eq. 2.7) [math]g_{tt} \neq -\left(1 - \frac{r_{s} r}{\Sigma} \right)[/math] This Kerr metric tensor element [math]g_{tt}[/math] is missing the [math]\Delta [/math] rotation term [math]a^{2}[/math] in the entire numerator, and a [math]\Sigma[/math] term in the entire denominator. (ref. 8` pg. 135` tbl. 1) [math]\color{blue}{\text{The theoretical Kerr metric tensor element presented here is:}}[/math] [math]\boxed{g_{tt} = -\frac{\Delta}{\Sigma} = -\left(\frac{r^{2} - r_{s} r + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right)}[/math] [math]\color{blue}{\text{This theoretical Kerr metric tensor element matches with the exterior Kerr-Newman metric tensor element when } (Q = 0) \text{.}}[/math] [math]\color{blue}{\text{And this Kerr tensor matches with all the other exterior metric tensor elements when } (J = 0) \text{ and or when } (m = 0) \text{.}}[/math] [math]\;[/math] [math]\color{blue}{\text{Table 1. Metric tensor components and symmetry.}}[/math] [math]\begin{array}{l*{5}c} \text{Metric tensor} & \text{theorem} & \text{identity with applied state} & \text{cited state} & \text{Symmetry} & \text{State} \\ \text{} & dt^{2} & dt^{2} & dt^{2} & \text{} \\ \text{Minkowski} & -1 & -1 & -1 & \text{Spherical} & m = 0,J = 0,Q = 0 \\ \text{Schwarzchild} & -\left(\frac{r^{2} - r_{s} r}{r^{2}} \right) & -\left(1 - \frac{r_{s}}{r} \right) & -\left(1 - \frac{r_{s}}{r} \right) & \text{Spherical} & m \neq 0,J = 0,Q = 0 \\ \text{Reissner-Nordstrom} & -\left(\frac{r^{2} - r_{s} r + r_{Q}^{2}}{r^{2}} \right) & -\left(1 - \frac{r_{s}}{r} \right) & -\left(1 - \frac{r_{s}}{r} \right) & \text{Spherical} & m \neq 0,J = 0,Q = 0 \\ \text{Ellipsoid} & -\left(\frac{r^{2} + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right) & -\left(\frac{r^{2} + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right) & -\left(\frac{r^{2} + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right) & \text{Ellipsoid} & m = 0,J \neq 0,Q = 0 \\ \text{Kerr} & -\left({\frac{r^{2} - r_{s}r + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta}} \right) & -\left({\frac{r^{2} - r_{s}r + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta}} \right) & \underline{-\left(1 - \frac{r_{s} r}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right)} & \text{Ellipsoid} & m \neq 0,J \neq 0,Q = 0 \\ \text{Kerr } \left(\text{cited} \right) & \underline{-\left(1 - \frac{r_{s} r}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right)} & \underline{-1} & \underline{-1} & \boxed{\text{Incorrect}} & m = 0,J \neq 0,Q = 0 \\ \text{Kerr-Newman} & -\left(\frac{r^{2} - r_{s} r + a^{2} + r_{Q}^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right) & -\left(\frac{r^{2} - r_{s} r + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right) & -\left(\frac{r^{2} - r_{s} r + a^{2}}{r^{2} + a^{2} \cos^{2} \theta} \right) & \text{Ellipsoid} & m \neq 0, J \neq 0, Q = 0 \\ \end{array}[/math] [math]\;[/math] [math]\color{blue}{\text{The underlined metric tensors highlight the matrix locations of the theoretical discontinuities.}}[/math] [math]\;[/math] [math]\color{blue}{\text{Any discussions and/or peer reviews about this specific topic thread?}}[/math] [math]\;[/math] [math]\color{blue}{\text{"You will do well to expand your horizons." - Fortune Cookie}}[/math] [math]\;[/math] Reference: Wikipedia - Four-gradient As a Jacobian matrix for the SR Minkowski metric tensor: (ref. 1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-gradient#As_a_Jacobian_matrix_for_the_SR_Minkowski_metric_tensor Wikipedia - Schwarzschild radius: (ref. 2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_radius Wikipedia - Schwarzschild metric: (ref. 3) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_metric Wikipedia - Exterior Reissner-Nordstrom metric: (ref. 4) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reissner–Nordström_metric#The_metric Wikipedia - Exterior Kerr metric: (ref. 5) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr_metric The Racah Institute of Physics - Gravitational field of a spinning mass - Roy Kerr (ref. 6) http://old.phys.huji.ac.il/~barak_kol/Courses/Black-holes/reading-papers/Kerr.pdf Arxiv - The Kerr Metric - Saul A. Teukolsky: (ref. 7) https://arxiv.org/pdf/1410.2130.pdf Academic Journals - A derivation of the Kerr metric by ellipsoid coordinate transformation - Yu-ching Chou: (ref. 8) https://academicjournals.org/journal/IJPS/article-full-text-pdf/AEE776964987 Wikipedia - Exterior Kerr-Newman metric: (ref. 9) https://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9801252.pdf Wikipedia - Exterior Kerr-Newman metric: (ref. 10) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr-Newman_metric Science Direct - Rotating black hole and Kerr metric - Pierre Binetruy: (ref. 11) https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/kerr-metric

When sarcasm is part of ones MO, the humour angle never shines through.

I've formally named several species of lizard, as part of my PhD was a systematic review of a genus. Generally, the person/people who publish the formal description also are the individual/s who nominate the species name. There are several nomenclatural codes that describe the process of naming species e.g. the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), Botanical (ICBN), Bacterial/Archaeal (ICNB) etc. These have in the past been largely gentlemen's agreements, but more formal regulations have been recently applied thanks to a few bad actors. Anyone can publish a formal description - which is essentially a description of the phenotypic/genetic/ecological traits which distinguish the novel species from existing species.

But then charged particles would be accelerated as they move through space, and emit photons. Where are they?

@WAMF have you read about the ideas about electric universe or plasma cosmology*? It may be helpful to compare your ideas against these rejected cosmological models to learn more about issues raised by other members? *) Wikipedia may serve as a starting point and there are links to various papers in the references section: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cosmology

+1 Though I have found the "debate" interesting, I considered getting involved, but then thought better of it since I side mostly with MSC on this particular subject. Maybe its just poor interpretation on our part, so apologies for that! No offense to our American friends but, it does often come across as - we know better and everyone else in the world should follow suit.

It doesn't change my opinion on how dangerous a dog breed is. Sure any dog can be aggressive but I would much rather get attacked by a Pekingese than a Pit Bull.

France and Germany are also in close proximity toward each other. Doesn't mean one gets to dictate toward the other how the others language works. Whether or not PoC or coloured is an acceptable term to use, is off topic. It offends me that when you use it, you leave out the U in coloured but I didn't come down on you for that. It is also outrage via proxy. MigL isn't the problem when it comes to racism. He's an older dude, he has biases sure but I dont think he means anything offensive when he describes a black person as coloured. I think in general this is one of the problems people have with PC culture. Most of the effort goes into forcing accountability on the people committing the least of offenses as opposed to forcing it onto the people who truly embrace racist and supremacy type ideologies and go on to commit crimes. Ultimately I understand what it is all in aid of and what it is for, but there needs to be room for us to be critical of the ways and means, if for no other reason than making real progress. I mean if we are going to come down on older Canadians for using the term coloured, why not come down on Spanish speakers when they say this "tomaré un café negro"? I don't know, maybe you could try to explain exactly why the term is not appropriate. By that I mean, why is it considered a pejorative term now? Keeping in mind I'm asking that even though I don't use the word in that context myself, and that on the KBJ "pre-announcement" issue we are in total agreement with each other. Wait until you hear someone go to a butchers and ask for some "faggots". Which is literally also a meat product in the UK. Tom Stade, an American comedian does a bit on that. Pointing out that in the US you can't say that and you certainly can't have a bag full of them either. Ahhh linguistics ngl I love this subject and hope we can all have a calm, open minded discussion about language. Fair enough. I'll leave that alone. But they do contain different languages, dialects and cultural attitudes and differences. Not even with just national borders but within county, state and regional borders. If it ought to all be one way, who decides which way? Suspicion of malice gone. I know you did not intend it now. I take that back. What do you mean by "essentially everyone?" It's also not happening near your front door. It's a different country, with different laws, languages and dialects of English. Where I'm from, I could call you and MigL a Sound Cunt. And it would be a good thing. A sound cunt is a good cunt. Cunt also means buttocks in Dutch. Now, if we are talking about crimes of moral turpitude, then I'm with you 100%. Vague and unexplained differences in language use and whether or not a certain word is okay to use and where, those don't veer into moral turpitude territory. Murder and rape are illegal in both places. Free speech isn't. If it is a pejorative term with truly harming consequences for the black community, then you need to explain how and why.

The problem is that people think of themselves too highly and think that not being a male or female or being a male when they are a born female and vice versa is some kind of statement to the world. I googled it and maybe there is some rare disease that mis shapes the penis or vagina but biologically you are either one. Isn't science about the concrete stuff you see through evidence (penis = man, vagina = woman) or is it just a floaty term we use that changes with society and we want to fit in society?

No worries. This is why I clarified my intention... twice... or was it thrice? I dunno. Whatever. No worries is my message here. It's unfortunate my nap comment itself meant to lighten things up got a neg, but again... whatever.

They are our own! Slightly different forms, same mix of population, same prejudices, plenty of overflow. No excuse at all to be unaware of gaffes in labelling. I don't know how you got hold of that idea, but it's incorrect. The same people, and similar groups of people, and for similar reason, are sensitive to certain language. We all know that in the same way that Americans all know it, but some of us just don't care. Some of us, like some Americans, consider their own right to be disdainful and rude is worth the damage than they do. In most cases, they are allowed to do so. Sometimes, somebody tells them it's wrong - no repercussions, no loss of privilege, just a mild reprimand... and somebody else gets all mimosa'd up in their behalf. Yeah. We and the Brits helped with some of that. A lot of that. You're barking up the wrong telephone pole. It's not about Americans or favours. It's about awareness that people - real ones, living among us right now, hate being called certain names, or regarded in certain ways, and that using those words is crass, insensitive and rude. I would be happy to address any of her concerns, but not through an intermediary. (How did gender suddenly come into it? Have you appointed yourself advocate for yet another underrepresented group?) Stop acting like it!

If you’re not intentionally misrepresenting me, then I fear you’re suffering from some rather significant reading comprehension challenges. See above. Same applies here. You’re approach to this discussion has turned me off. That’s what it should tell you. Pot. Kettle. Black. Is it possible you missed a nap today, or maybe have low blood sugar?

The phrase “become transgender” is problematic. I’m not sure it’s something you “become” Is that how trans people describe it? Are you presenting a scenario where someone who is not trans pretends to be? i.e. they are trying to cheat? No, that’s not a true statement. Men, on average, are stronger. But that statement is assuming there are just the two gender categories. Anyway https://www.aclu.org/news/lgbt-rights/four-myths-about-trans-athletes-debunked/

You promised to answer my question. If it looks like a duck, swims like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it probably is a duck. If you don't want us to assume you and another have an anti-trans agenda then stop saying things that sound like you do have an agenda.

Where have i made anti trans statements? You need to stop pulling assumptions out your ass, they stink. Yes it does. My link doesn't support your accusations and assumptions. as for the down votes...yawn, you sad bastard.

PTSD suggests, if I do harm to other's I do harm to me; I choose to feed the happy wolf. But I don't have the value of two sheep...

Except just today they bombed Kyiv. Liar.

Wow! Fucking Hell! A first, Russia actually hit a legitimate target for the first time in two months.

Nonsense to the first statement highlighted, and from your link..... "A drop in the country's crime rate in part explains why the Netherlands' prisons are emptying. A 2016 government study on capacity also noted that a focus on sentencing, with both an increase in shorter sentences and examining how crimes impact society, have helped reduce the prison population, says Wiebe Alkema, spokesperson at the Ministry of Justice and Security. The Netherlands now has just 61 prisoners per 100,000 people in the general population, ranking among the lowest in Europe. In comparison, the United States has more than 10 times that figure (655 per 100,000), the highest in the world, according to data from the World Prison Brief, an online database hosted by the Institute for Criminal Policy Research at the University of London. The Dutch justice department predicts that by 2023, the total prison population will drop to just 9,810 people". :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Yep there doing OK compared to other societies and I congratulate them, even for a 2022 estimate population of 17,714,900. Still though the fact remains that even if they close all their prisons, does not mean that thieves, etc and other wrong doers do not exist. And their attitude towards social tolerence while to be commended mostly, is still controversial, particularly on drugs. Still, you need to remove your rose coloured glasses, as things are not as perfect as you want them to be......"The country has Europe's third-lowest incarceration rate, at 54.4 per 100,000 inhabitants. According to the justice ministry's WODC Research and Documentation Centre, the number of prison sentences imposed fell from 42,000 in 2008 to 31,000 in 2018 – along with a two-thirds drop in jail terms for young offenders." So quite good, but not perfect as I keep telling you. and of course......"Willem van Eijk (13 August 1941 – 19 June 2019) was a convicted Dutch serial killer known as "Het Beest van Harkstede" (The Beast of Harkstede). He was convicted twice for a total of five murders"https://www.google.com/search?q=the+netherlands+and+criminals&rlz=1C1RXQR_en-GBAU952AU952&oq=the+netherlands+and+criminals&aqs=chrome..69i57j33i160l2j33i22i29i30.9639j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Anyway thanks for highlighting exactly what I have been telling you. 😉 I don't believe that. You need to live by what you have posted dimreeper, or cease making statements that can be interpreted in many ways, similar to that ancient obscure book they call the bible. And I didn't say you did or had responded. I said......"You may ask the next obvious question, as to why. I cannot answer that one". 🙄 Sorry, I didn't know this was a history lesson, otherwise I would have named many more...Idi Amin of course is another. There have been and still are war mongers, and Putin is obviously one as well as a war criminal, as of course was Hitler. Are you casting some doubt on Hitler and what history tells us? I mean I remember this phyco nut on another forum, trying to convince the members that the holocaust didn't happen. 🤮 No, the law requires peaceable men and woman to do their duty in times of conflict. If they have a genuine conscientious objection to fighting, there is always other non combatant regions to do their duty.eg: paramedics/catering/ chaplins/ etc etc......"Non-combatant is a term of art in the law of war and international humanitarian law to refer to civilians who are not taking a direct part in hostilities;[1] persons, such as combat medics and military chaplains, who are members of the belligerent armed forces but are protected because of their specific duties (as currently described in Protocol I of the Geneva Conventions, adopted in June 1977); combatants who are placed hors de combat; and neutral persons, such as peacekeepers, who are not involved in fighting for one of the belligerents involved in a war. This particular status was first recognized under the Geneva Conventions with the First Geneva Convention of 1864."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-combatant I didn't actually say that. I said words to the effect that war is/was wrong and evil, as are individual wrong doers and criminals in a society.

Yes, I'm well aware. But if you needed to ask me the question, then I don't feel respected by you at all. Yes I know. I'm European. Speak to me like I'm stupid again, and it will be the last I speak with you. Not got the time to put up with crap like that. My point; is that differences in language are just as important as differences in dialect. To speak nothing of the reactionary cost of language policing with people in the same country as you, what about the reactionary cost when they aren't even in the same country? My point with the Spanish portion, was that to most English speakers, saying "negro" is wrong. Yet it is just how you say Black in Spanish. If it sounds ridiculous to come down on a Spanish person for using a word in their own language, that has a different connotation somewhere else, then it's similarly ridiculous to come down on a Canadian for using a word in their dialect that also does not have a negative connotation to it. I'm sorry; this chat is starting to come across more like an ultimatum of The New American way, as dictated by the loudest of young people who haven't sat in either an ethics or linguistics classroom, or you're just a racist. The irony of which should not be lost on anybody. Access to the relevant information of what Americans want them to learn in order to be linguistically acceptable in the USA? Where is this forum exactly? Why do Americans get to push the Agenda of their college students onto the rest of the world so pedanticly? Also why do you or iNow get to speak for all Americans? My wife is also American; yet she doesn't believe that language policing beyond borders is acceptable either. She doesn't use the term "coloured" and uses the PC terms here in the USA. Doesn't mean she is going to visit my family in the UK and call someone homophobic because they ask her for a cigarette but say "You got a spare fag on you?". I really wish people would pick their battles better and take the time to critically think about how to figure out the ways and means of real moral progress instead of assuming that good intent is enough. We are far more than the sum of our intentions, iNows language policing might be well intended, but it comes at a cost and is a good example of the ends not justifying the means. Yeah this was how I interpreted that too. Projecting American problems and their solutions onto other places is a nono for me. I've never once heard of Canada having a widespread lynching problem in its South. I don't get why the border has to be porous in the Americans favour either? Because TV and movies? Please, I wasn't born yesterday. If they could actually reach an intellectual consensus with each other I'd be more inclined to listen. But it's extremism on both sides here in the USA and the centrists in the middle are just part of the "fuck both your factions" faction. Oh so everyone else has to explain themselves to you, but not the other way around? You started this ridiculousness by trying to push someone from a different country as you, to accept your verdict, delivered rudely, that they were wrong to use language the way they did because "American way better". Oh and before you go "where was I being rude?" The "1963 called" line was pretty rude. This whole thread revolves around protected characteristics, something which I see as something we have a duty to protect. But you don't get to pick and choose which ones are more worthy of your protection. They are all worthy of it. That's why they are called protected. Ethnicity, Gender AND age. It irks me just as much when the old disrespect the young as when the young disrespect the old. Oh stop with the self-righteousness. You informed us of nothing but your own preferences and willingness to get right down into the dirt with those you perceive to already be slinging it. Even when they weren't. This is one of those situations where, even though someone is arguing for views similar to your own, you just want them to shut up because they are harming the cause in the long run.

I think your asking if there's a electromagnetic field hidden in space time. Which is great, Now clearly your alot smarter that I am, however iv just uploaded a speculation video on this forum on building a universe inside a similar type of field. However it's just speculation. But it may interest you.

Being knowledgeable of those conflicts and making those conflicts your own are two completely different things. I'd say the analogy holds quite well. On one side, you've got Canadians doing their own thing, on the other side you've got Americans trying to dictate to Canadians on what is and isn't okay to say. I imagine there was a time in France, where a French person could be shot by a German person for not capitulating to anti-semetici rhetoric. So yeah, the analogy holds pretty well. Both involve a bully pretending to be a victim because other countries won't put its issues first and foremost over their own. More Nukes too, more cities blown up and wiped off the face of the earth too. So Americans get to dictate how others live and use their own dialects of English because they have more? How is that an argument. They have more school shooters and serial killers too. Is that a point in the Americans favour? Would you care to explain how we should all be keeping score of things so we know whom is king? How does that work exactly? You're missing the point, I said that to illustrate that age discrimination is unacceptable whether you are young or old. One of those things did happen here, iNow made a rude comment toward MigL based on his age and has even went so far as to say all from a certain time, are hateful. I mentioned the other to make clear that I found both unacceptable. You and iNow have ignored too much of what I have said and seem to be suggesting that American English and it's history should be more important to Canadians than their own. In what world is that reasonable? iNow doesn't even deem it worthy of him responding or explaining his point of view to me, that alone should tell you something. This has gone too off topic. I really can't be bothered with a new thread about language policing and respecting the context of another culture. I've said what I wanted to say on the matter. But I didn't realize I would be debating within an environment where only Americans get to have the final say on what is and isn't important within our collective moral discourse. Dyou know what is truly the worst extreme, practiced by both sides of the American political camps? Anti-intellectualism. This idea on each side that suggests to question the rhetoric, means you're either stupid or immoral. On the one hand, you've got people calling you stupid for saying we need to do more to help minority groups. On the other, you've got people for calling you stupid for thinking critically about language policing. Either way, being critical gets you judged. iNows entire attitude of "oh you'll just be ignorant or arrogant to disagree with me on whatever I say" is evidence of this. I even mentioned my wife's views on this, but I guess since she is a woman, that's not worth addressing to either of you? I told you once already, don't treat me like I am stupid. You've carried on, by expecting me to buy any of this knee jerk nonsense about Americans having a very vague "more everything". Left, right, I don't give a shit about that anymore. Because each side is where truth goes to die, just in a different way and both sides spend so much time being outraged at and suspicious of the other, that people are too busy being offended to think critically, solve problems, and minimize creating new ones. I'm not talking about your motivations. Just the consequences of your actions. As for your motivations, I could care less but they aren't as mysterious as you seem to think they are. Oh yeah, holding you accountable isn't self righteous. Particularly when I'm defending someone else, not myself. But then what would you know about accountability? You can't even admit the 1963 bit wasn't rude. I'll be back if you ever figure out how to substantively counter argue against anything I've said. But I won't hold my breath.