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Lol. They barely even try anymore

Tell that to the black woman in Georgia today who is forced to stand in a long line to vote, and whose children can spend a year in jail if they bring her a glass of water to quench her thirst. Today's laws evolved from yesterday's laws. You cannot fix a problem if you have no idea how deep the rot goes.

Accepted. It was just a discussion, I think there are always different points of view in politics, I just hope and wish everyone, everywhere, remains civil like this, gets fair treatment and recompense, and just talks rather than reacts. Easier said than done, I think.

No, it approaches infinity.

This seems like semantics. The people targeted by unjust federal housing regulations mentioned earlier were black, denied loans for housing in certain areas because they were black. If we want to talk about reparations for those unjust federal practices, what other metric would you use to compensate them other than by the race that was used to discriminate against them? They'd already have to provide documentation that their loans (or their parent's loans) were denied, and the rest is already in evidence. You seem to be arguing against a man of straw here, since any reparations paid by the federal government would require hoops to jump through and evidence of eligibility. It's like you're assuming the government is going to throw cash at people who can show dark enough skin. Reading them all led me to respond exactly the way I did. Well, my question was directed at MigL, whom I quoted before responding, but I don't understand what your objection is here. You basically removed "... by certain practices" from what I said. I'm unsure why you "don't think I would have said that", but I may be misreading what you wrote. How many examples would you like? I'd like to start with historical incidents where black prosperity was actively stifled by white people who'd demanded and achieved segregated towns and cities. Some whites were so jealous of black prosperity that they trumped up ways to get the government to help them destroy black communities. I'd rather show that research than go down the whataboutism rabbit hole regarding "There were black people who owned slaves!!!" Well, Jesus Christ, you can sure support those white people who've fallen into social misfortune with programs of their own that make sense, but we aren't talking about those people in this thread. Just because there have been other maligned groups doesn't mean you don't do what you can for the one that's hurting the most in a particular incident. Do me a favor and picture yourself a foster father. You have four wonderful girls, and one is Asian, another Latinx, the third black, and the fourth white. One day your little black daughter comes to you and says, "Dad, I had a really hard day today. The kids at school were making fun of the color of my skin, they made slave jokes, and they said lots of other horrible things. I just need to know, Dad. Do you love me?" What do you say to her? I really, really hope you don't say, "Honey, I love ALL my daughters".

If I could have it done with a Genie then that might be a good solution. From a practical standpoint I'm unsure that is a reasonable or timely solution. I am not in a position to describe exactly what a solution would look like, but I do feel I understand enough of the problem to know that the problem should be acknowledged and addressed in a just manner. That also feels to me to be the correct next step; simply deciding to admit culpability and establish steps to make amends. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Codes_(United_States)#:~:text=The legislature also created a,homestead%2C or attend public schools. This is one sample. A full acounting covers entire books and courses of study. Slavery was but one piece of our system wide racist actions. I think you do not have a good understanding of the extent to which racial discrimination has permeated the United States. It is or has been everywhere. Laws, attitudes, financial, educational, whether or not you can be in a town when the sun goes down, whether or not your home or entire neighborhood can be demolished (WITH the consent of the government), how dangerous chemical plants are located next to your home, pay scales, job opportunities, access to health care, level of health care even when you get it, etc. etc. etc. To this very day, in black families there comes a time when the parents must give "The Talk" to their children. And it has nothing to do with sex. It has to do with staying alive when dealing with the police during your normal day of going to work, school, or the park. It makes me sick to my stomach. We have been building a racist society for over 400 years. It is baked in everywhere. I don't think you can find one single black person in this country who has not been impacted either directly or indirectly by either the Federal or State governments.

Sorry, I don't think this is clear thinking. Please excuse me if I misunderstand but it appears that you want to seek a remedy for the discrimination of a 'group' that was unfairly stereotyped and not treated as individuals (with you so far) and to fix this you want to discriminate a 'group' by unfairly stereotyping them as the cause of the discrimination and not treating them as individuals (who may or may not have been the cause)? Have I got the jist of your point, or way off again, sorry if I am? I mean, I agree that there is restitutions to be offered to all people who have suffered social ills, 'particularly' including specific events of tragic racism. Why is the 'answer' incomplete by saying 'yep, and it is coming out of taxes already, and is already helping people in the lower social echelons'? You guys keep saying your legal system does not work in a way that can offer specific remedies. Yes, I understand that is not how it works in the USA. That's the problem! You seem to want politicians to invent one-off solutions to one-off events, rather than laying the framework so that any likewise events now AND in the future can be dealt with the same way.

No, you don't have it right. People can be compensated for past injustices. Targeting a 'race' for compensation is racist. IOW, some black people may not need compensation, and some people of other groups ( a lot of immigrants in the past 250 years ) may require it. Did you not actually read my posts ?

I'm going to point out that we aren't talking about lots of individuals, we're talking about groups of people who were discriminated against NOT as individuals, but because of negative stereotypes made about the group. If you want reparations for indentured workers, there are ways to determine how those groups were mistreated. And we should figure that out pretty quickly too, considering the US uses indentured servitude through prison labor to this very day. Big companies like McDonald's and Whole Foods and IBM use prisoners that are paid less than a dollar an hour, so we've already got some good metrics to use if we want reparation for indentured servitude. Please leave obvious Strawman arguments out of this discussion. Did anyone make this claim? Taxation currently favors the uber-wealthy by an inordinate degree. Without some kind of graduated tax that stops wealth accumulation at a reasonable level, we get billionaires sitting on their fortunes instead of investing them. Right now, because of the taxation you value so highly, these rich folks can hoard cash and buy out anyone with less money who's in distress. They're gobbling up people's lives just to have a bit more wealth. This is really a sticking point for you, this perspective that attempting to correct racism is automatically racist no matter how it's approached. You want it to stop, but not if you determine that the method of stopping violates your weird discrimination maths. So far, you've admitted that black people were treated unfairly by certain practices, and you want those practices to cease, but you don't want any black people to be compensated for the effects of these practices, have I got that right? Because you'd be giving compensation to a group that deserves it, but not giving it to anyone who isn't in that group, so that's discrimination? I just don't get it. You seem to have a sense of justice, but it gets overridden by this perspective about solving discrimination being discrimination itself.

Oops, you did it again!

Duwut, now?

It’s pretty simple. If c is invariant and the laws of physics work the same way in all inertial frames, then time and length are relative to the frame you are in.

IMO, you should compare cross-section areas rather than widths.

A couple of things that I am going to address later, but this here is quite important to highlight. Plus it created zones that are racially segregated with lack of all kinds of services especially in predominantly black areas. These include good schools, groceries, administrative services, medical access and so on. These has huge knock-on effects on a lot of aspects, ranging from health to financial success. Due to the past regulations, they do not have the funds to simply move away, too. Similar effects are seen in indigenous communities (though quite a few are slowly building their way out). There are also rules and regulations that are not laws, but which can impact individual success if they are not addressed by law. A long standing example are dress codes, which basically have banned natural hair of black people. Without laws counteracting this type of frequent discrimination, black folks would need to spend a lot of time, effort and the use of rather unhealthy chemicals or basically be clean shaven to be able to work in what is deemed a professional setting. There a lot of these things around and pointing them out and trying to address them invariably upsets folks as it goes against the status quo. What is annoying is that these types of band-aids are disproportionately criticized if there are, in any way imperfect. Yet, for some reasons keeping the rules that are known to be harmful (to some) on the books is somehow acceptable? One should also state that in principle these issues are not unique to the US. They have manifested in different ways in different countries and are perhaps not as much created by law (or as blatant as the Jim Crow laws). And again, being racist is not the same as having a system that discriminates in whatever form by race.

Depends on what they mean by “easier” The coulomb barrier is higher, owing to the larger charge, but it undoubtedly has a higher cross-section than p-p fusion, because that is too small to directly measure (the average proton takes more than a billion years to fuse in the sun)

The lower mass of brown dwarves means there's not enough heat from contraction and not enough density to ever reach the conditions needed to sustain hydrogen fusion. IIRC, terrestrial reactors fuse deuterium and tritium, on the basis of their availability and what conditions can be engineered. Lithium could be used, but it's easier to fission lithium and use the tritium product. (and sell the helium, or make a lot of party balloons?)

Or… if they see and acknowledge the rot, but just happen to like it that way so instead argue in bad faith.

In my experience, those who assert forcefully that they’re neutral tend to be anything but. We all have biases. Pretending otherwise makes you a liar or a fool.

Sure, that was me! It had absolutely nothing to do with his response to you. I would have upvoted him no matter what he said. The reason I gave his post an upvote was because you got annoyed that he received an upvote previously. Sometimes I cannot suppress that little bit of troll in me... 🤪

The "Light Clock" has nothing to do with Physics. Because such a device is a physical impossibility. So you have an imaginary device that can't possibly function in reality, then you expect to be able to do Math calculations on its performance? That's equivalent to calculating how many tooth fairies would be required to lift a block of Moon Cheese.

The root of your problem is that you first believed that Special Relativity was a rational Theory. A correct theory. This false belief leads to all manner of weirdness. Common excuses to overcome questions like yours are: Shut up and Calculate (don't ask questions) , Its "Unintuitive" (meaning irrational) , and my favourite, "Some people just can't grasp the concepts". (said by superior intellects that can understand it but just can't seem to find suitable words to explain it )

Please don't give up so easily. What you have been trying to understand, (SR theory) cannot be understood by rational analysis because its irrational and illogical. If you really want to know where the error is to be found in SR, (and there must be an error in here somewhere, all those Paradoxes point to there being an error) then its actually really easy to see once you stop being led along by the nose by the pseudosceintists. I can explain exactly where the core errors is, and from that core, there are other issues that many others have already tried to expose. But I've not actually heard anyone point out the core error before, they all seem to have skipped it. the reason why any claim that SR and GR are wrong, is ridiculed, is because of the false claims that "all the experiments support it, and its predictions are accurate". This is actually untrue. They are looking at everything through rose coloured glasses. I cant say much here because they will ban me for life. (as other physics forums have done. Great to see that Science is now done and decided by Popular Vote system. I've already got 1 downvote, so that voter must be correct. Its solid proof for sure. SO if I get 10,000 of my Scientology friends to "like" my comment, I'll win!

The evidence of the Error in fully contained in Einstein's Paper. Go find it, its really there, but you missed it.