Function

Contradictory, if his clock falls behind he will measure 2016 while the faster measurement measures 2017. How is that not in the past?

Are you trying to say that from the present to the immediate future is an increment so small it is fractionally 0t?

I'd say that I'm not scientifically gifted enough in physics to state something like that and dare to take the risk of being eaten alive by the physicists here.

However, if that seemed as what I'd wanted to say - sounds good; yup, exactly what I'm trying to say.

And can arrive hundreds of milliseconds after the visual signal. The brain does a great job of tricking you into thinking it all happens "now".

Tricking itself.

If OP even dares to pull (or rather, push?) us away from the sun. It's about bloody time it's getting hotter. Tired of the cold and rain.

The "wat" was a reference to an overrated internet meme, btw.

Not to derail us, but proprioceptive information is not instantaneous, either.

Ergo, "moments after"

Are thoughts the only things we perceive instantly?

If I move my finger, it moves itself at a certain moment. Proprioceptive information on the movement and location of my finger, arrive in my brain moments after the finger has moved / initiated movement or was at the certain location. Visual information on my finger (me looking at it) is coming in later, sensitive information (my finger feeling something or nothing) is coming in later.

Then is there something we experience at the same moment of it happening?

It depends where you draw the line .

 

Of course, if the answer is no, you are in big trouble.

Why go so detailed. Does the OP, or anyone else, have problems with the ethical (sedated) end-of-life of mice and other rodents in experimental research settings?

If yes, then you do have a problem with almost everything of modern medicine and life sciences and, by extension, wealth and basically, your own life.

Don't make it too hard for yourself and just answer "no".

Ethical committees have been funded for these kinds of problems, and they act quite well.

wat

What is the difference between killing an animal for fun and killing one for food?

If you're a kid and you pull out the legs of a spider to see what happens, that's not necessarily bad. Children want to explore.

If you're a kid, or somewhat older, and you lay your beloved goldfish out of its fish bowl to see how long it can last without water ... Then, there's a problem.

There's more to this than fun and food.

If you kill a person. Well, there's always a problem. But I have strong doubts about the current justice systems and have asked myself multiple times the question whether psychiatry shouldn't get a much larger spot in the current systems. Lots of criminals - imho - do not belong in jail, but in psychiatry and should be treated for their disorder. Or at least, that's what I expect to be the case.

I was relieved when I found out a mother (don't know exactly where she is from anymore, either Belgium or the UK) wasn't locked down in prison after giving her child repetitive overdoses of insulin. She suffers/suffered from the munchhausen by proxy syndrome and should be treated psychiatrically, as is the case.

The cell membrane is depolarized.....So it becomes closer to a 0 V potential difference of charge...both inside and outside the cell?

It seems you don't get the hang of membrane potentials. A potential is a difference of charge between 2 points. Here, we consider the membrane potential being the difference of charge in v. out of the cell. The more positively charged your cell (cytoplasm) is, the more positive the membrane potential is.

If we increase or decrease the Na+/K+ ATPase's activity (Sodium Potassium Pump) what would happen to the membrane potential?

Basically, the Na/K-ATPase exchanges 3 intracellular Na-ions for 2 extracellular K-ions.

Note that normally, there is a higher concentration of Na extracellular and a higher intracellular concentration of K (no. [Na]i = 15 mM; [Na]e = 145 mM; [K]i = 150 mM; [K]e = 4 mM). However, due to other Na and K channel activities, they may leak from (K) or into (Na) the cell.

The Na/K-ATPase tries to correct this by actively pumping Na back out of the cell, and K back into the cell.

You notice that the net charge movement is 1 positive ion out of the cell: (3 + out) + (2 + in) = 1 + out

Result: a net hyperpolarization of your cell membrane.

The membrane potential is considered as the difference of charge in the cell minus that out of the cell, at the level of the cell membrane.

If you put more positively charged ions out of the cell, your membrane potential becomes more negative and as a net result, you get a hyperpolarization.

In most tissues, this results in a reduced excitability.

Here are some more pics. You can see eye looking remains in the eye socket, as well as teeth from the underside of the skull minus jaw. You can also see stitching and writing all over the thing.[

 

EDIT Adding pics of the crytalized skull I mentioned in my first post. Maybe a giant rodent?

A giant rodent? It's very obviously - a rock.

Nevertheless, you don't seem to accept that. Yet.

I'll let you think about the function of a human skull (or any skull whatsoever).

If you found that out, try to break it, cut it open, whatever, and if it's completely solid inside ...

You'll have to face the facts. It's a rock.

If it's not ... Well ... Still a rock. My argument of concavity for skulls is very sensitive, though not very specific.

That's what I'd answer, though the difference between anatomical and physiological cross-section is not entirely clear to me.

Volume, indeed: no. The only thing that differs cross-section from volume, is length. The length of a fibre and, by extension, its sarcomeres, does indeed determine the contractility of one fibre. But as mentioned before, once contracted, it's contracted. It can't be semi-contracted or contracted for 90%, 50%, ...

If you know that a single motor cell contraction is an all-or-nothing phenomenon, it is understandable that the force exerted is proportional to the amount of fibres that do contract. Which one of the answers is most closely related to the amount of fibres?

Isn't quantity of bacteria in cultures expressed as number of "colony-forming units" (CFU)?

Who knows/cares how many bacteria in one CFU?

Think about what could make your and people you know lives easier.

Anaesthesia.

Are we talking about the same SWOT?

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats?

If so, on what are you conducting a SWOT analysis? Is it on the research/experiment you're conducting?

Hi John

 

The acceleration (theory) does not bother me,

because of the expansion of matter (theory)

is its cause.

Whatever distance (that will be) measured

will also increase in size.

Doubling rate (period) ~19.6 min.

Your comments always remind me of short poems.

I am well and truly in the OCD camp - although I disagree with the naming Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. What sort of sadist names a mental condition in which routine, the need for symmetry and regularity, and a desire for orderliness can become dangerously paramount a "DISORDER"?

Agreed

We can only measure and interpret what we perceive: reality as it does present itself towards us. What we measure, interpret and formulate theorems on is perhaps not reality, but merely a best guess of reality: the manner in which it shows itself to us.

And whether you like it or not, we could never do better than that.

I'd surely be the obsessive-compulsive one.

Few years ago, when I helped my dad with in his pub, I'd carry the empty beer bottles down to the cellar in crates, dividing them evenly on left, right, front and back so the weight would be evenly distributed.

Then again ... If I'd have to bare in mind different concentrations in the different pipette tips, I'd surely place them in the predictable way, to keep stuff organised and logical.

3.

"So surely the force is attracting"

seems to be based on Newton,

who "assumed" it's attractive.

That's NO proof for me,

Boo

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, all objects with a certain mass exert some attracting force towards each other.

That fact has nothing to do with eventual other forces to which an object is exerted (e.g. centrifugal force by rotational movement).

The force by which 2 objects attract each other is expressed by the following formula

[math]F=G\cdot\frac{m_1\cdot m_2}{r^2}[/math]

F being the attracting force, G being the gravitational constant, m1 being the mass of one object, m2 being the mass of the other object and r being the distance between the centres of mass of both objects.

So surely, earth and its gravitation are attracting you.

To come to the gravitational acceleration g we all know:

[math]F=m\cdot a[/math]

F being the resultant force exerted on an object with mass m subjected to an acceleration a.

Let's combine this with the earlier formula. Let's say you have a mass m₂ and earth has mass m₁.

If we want to know the acceleration a we are subjected to as per result of the gravitational force, given that we are not subjected to any other force:

[math]F = m_2 \cdot a[/math]

[math]\Leftrightarrow \frac{F}{m_2}=a=G\cdot\frac{m_1}{r^2}[/math]

[math]\Leftrightarrow \frac{F}{m_2}\approx 6.67408\cdot 10^{-11}\text{ }\frac{\text{m}^3}{\text{kg}\cdot\text{s}^{-2}}\cdot \frac{5.972\cdot 10^{24} \text{ kg}}{6,371,000^2\text{ m}^2}[/math]

[math]\Leftrightarrow \frac{F}{m_2}\approx 9.82\text{ }\frac{\text{m}}{\text{s}^2}\approx g[/math]

So yes, the g you mention is the acceleration we are exerted to by the force which fundamentally pulls us towards earth (but also pulls earth towards ourselves, but in a quite negligible way (try to find out the acceleration we exert on earth by pulling it towards ourselves), as is proven by Newton.

Luckily enough we can withstand this force and its acceleration with our muscles.

Note that as the distance between yourself and earth increases, the force by which you are attracted towards it will decrease exponentially, as will the acceleration you would be subjected to, so at a certain distance, it may become negligibly small, but it will never be 0.

If it's French, wouldn't it be pronounced as "de Broy-lee"?

Whatever ever you use, have a good backup routine and never store your data on the same drive as your OS.

OneDrive

Get rid of all Microsoft products. Upgrade to Linux - or BSD - or almost anything else.

Thinking of buying a Macbook when I - finally - get some money by summer job. I've never heard owners complain of it (perhaps some Festinger or chauvinism?) and I've always seen it run quite smoothly ...

And I don't feel the need to game so yeah ... Contra-indications? Anyone?

You could turn it into a drinking game with a table of elements with "open-able" 'door-like' things, such as on an advent calendar, with some chemistry question associated to the element on it; answer right and the others get to drink; andwer wrong and you get to drink.

Makes me think ... There are a lot of elements, so perhaps it wouldn't be wise to put alcohol in every drink associated to any element. (Or you could, but then you'd better play it with lots of people. Or Russians)