Sensei

While doing distillation you throw away what is the first condensed as it contains methanol (b.p. 64.7 °C) and acetone (b.p. 56 °C)..

Whisky is... distilled.. after fermentation..

IMHO electrolysis is much easier way. You have to heat KCl to melt it. Then apply high enough voltage... With pretty large current (MIG/MAG/TIG welding equipment?).. And remove produced Chlorine gas... That's probably hundred dollars, or thousands dollars, investment.

Beer, wine, vodka, whisky is all different story.. They mention here 20 C. https://www.whisky.com/information/knowledge/production/details/fermentation.html "As yeast can’t stand hot temperatures the wort is cooled down to about 20°C before it is married with the yeast in washbacks." If I tried to use temperature below 35 C, at the beginning, I had to restart everything with new yeast.. On each yeast package there is mentioned procedure which should be followed.

(I am not making whisky, yet) I am adding yeast when solution of sugar and water decreased to 35 C temperature. While fermentation they are kept close to heater/radiator (there is flowing through it hot water to heat house). The whole mash is kept at up to 35 C temperature during fermentation. Too large temperature will kill yeast, too low temperature will decelerate/stop fermentation. Sometimes long time fermentation is preferred. One of the nicest ethanol received was from 72h turbo yeast. After 72h there was 14%+ of ethanol. It goes so fast, that CO2 bubbles are every second or two, from 20L tank (filled to 16L). I could imagine that large container would produce plentiful more CO2, depending on yeast type. Mixed corn/grain could make enough layer to keep below layers from Oxygen from air. One way to stop fermentation is to heat it, to kill yeast. After that there are added compounds which will react with dead yeast remains. And they will gather on the bottom of tank. It could take couple days, after that there is needed filtering. While making many wines there is needed couple times such stage. Clarifying wine. ps. You should search for "how to make whisky" tutorials on the net.. and see whether temperature is right.. And even better will be your own experience in making it.

I know what present you can give her for Christmas: Ball-n-stick model kit http://www.ebay.com/bhp/molecular-model-kit (the more elements, the better). On Amazon there is DNA ball-n-stick model kit https://www.google.pl/search?q=Molecular+Model+Kit+with+Molecule+Structure+Building+Software+-+Dalton+Labs+Organic+Chemistry+Set You should also buy her entire lab equipment. Here is list of what search for on the net: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_glassware The all basic stuff you can get for around $500 (beakers, flasks, condensers various type, deflegmator,etc. etc) Here is set for $150 f.e. http://www.ebay.com/itm/24-40-New-Organic-Chemistry-Laboratory-Glassware-Kit-32-PCS-Lab-Chemilcal-Unit-/231064147113?hash=item35cc7f14a9%3Ag%3AZRcAAOSw37tV-jB2 (I don't see here lab stand, maybe just not on photos, or have to be bought (couple of them) separately) Vacuum pump also for $500+. Microscope 400+ (optical) zoom you have already?

You could try KOH+HCl->KCl + H2O then evaporate H2O to get KCl. KCl heated to high enough temperature will undergo decomposition 2 KCl -> 2K + Cl2 (g)

It's possible but plentiful more than required to finish this exercise. He just needs to read link that I gave in previous post, and to want to learn instead of utilize the forum community..

It can be easily falsified. If you fuse proton with proton there is created antimatter: [math]p^+ + p^+ \rightarrow D^+ + e^+ + v_e + 0.42 MeV[/math] Positron is particle of antimatter.. Also if you have neutron-rich isotope such as Carbon-14, which is in your body, it decays by beta decay minus, which is emitting anti-neutrino particle, which is anti-matter particle.. [math]^{14}_6C \rightarrow ^{14}_7N + e^- + \bar{v}_e + 0.156 MeV[/math] Antimatter particle obey normal matter conservation of energy, obey conservation of momentum, obey conservation of charge, etc. etc. In CERN scientists make and gather antimatter particles in one experiment, keep them in electromagnetic traps, and then accelerate them when needed, in second experiment, when they have to collide them with regular matter or other antimatter particles, to see what happens. While annihilation of matter and antimatter there will be created at least E=2mc2 energy. m = relativistic-mass of matter, 2nd m = relativistic-mass of antimatter. At rest (observer is at the same FoR as annihilating particles), relativistic-mass is equal to rest-mass. So it'll be E=2m0c2 For the case of electron and positron at rest: m=me E=2mec2 Two photons with 511 keV energy each, from two particles, electron with 511 keV/c2 rest-mass, and positron 511 keV/c2 rest-mass.

Instead of fighting with existing snow over and over again (Sisyphean labour).. wouldn't be easier to not let it snow (and gather snow) in the first place? Is the road your own property? Can you do whatever you like with it.. ? If it's yours, maybe cover it with metal.. below it put Peltier Coolers (dozen of them, array, can't be mangled during waking/driving on the road)... and below them yet another layer of metal... Snow will create "cold" layer, on the top, while all connected Peltier Coolers will create electricity which you will be able to use whatever you want in house.. and "hot" side of Peltier will be below road, or put there pipes with f.e. oil, and connect them to house and use that energy.. Your $500 for device looks like bargain in the amount of money you would need to spend on the above setup. But it's one time job and one time investment, and life of using.. ("build once, use 'forever' " is one of my motto ) ps. Water (snow after melting/rain) has to go somewhere to not make shortcut wires and damage Peltier Coolers.. ps2. Alternatively bake cakes (pumpkin cakes?). And tell child in your neighborhood, "who will create the nicest snowman, will receive cake for free".. The only rule is to use snow from your road, not others.. (and give other kids also cakes)

Hello! "Astronomers unveil most detailed map of the Milky Way to date" http://sci.esa.int/star_mapper/ https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/sep/14/astronomers-milky-way Best Regards!

Yet another thing to consider. Center of mass. Suppose so somebody make really large ballon, zeppelin. It has to have gondola attached to bottom of it. If you would have something on top of this "island" (where is the best access to the Sun), it would flip over! Boats have the most massive devices on the bottom. It reduce chance to flip over during wind storm..

In this thread, I explained how to calculate altitude of something lighter than air that will fly in air: http://www.scienceforums.net/topic/101460-has-the-double-slit-experiment-ever-been-conducted-in-zero-gravity/?p=960016 Basically your "mass land" has to have smaller density than air density (it's variable and depends on altitude). You need purpose for it in the first place..

You never passed arguments to function? http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/functions/ The problem with your code is that windChill etc. variables used in calc() are defined in main(), but they're accessible only from main() body (local variables on CPU stack). You have to pass them as arguments to calc(), so calc() will be able to see them and use. Here you probably have error also, return 0 in the middle of loop? What for? ps. Are not you using indent style for every bracket? Or it was truncated by forum? It would show you that return is in the middle of for() loop. ps2. If program compiles fine, but does not work as expected, you have (at least) three choices: 1) manually go through entire source code analyzing in your brain what CPU is doing and when 2) use debugger built-in Visual Studio and enter to body of function.. line by line you will see which line is executed.. preview memory and variables, you will see how they are changing with time. 3) print debug info from code. f.e. you have for() loop, output counter, and it'll show 0..1...2....3...4 and so on, print variables to stdio, so you will see what is happening..

Basic, fundamental and unavoidable is that it won't work. And it is illegal to censorship whatever "country laws" say. You gave example how to find, mark, and block images (or other file type) by using hash from file. It's few minutes of programming to bypass it entirely.. Reconfigure Apache to allow f.e. image/png to be processed by PHP interpreter. Then set PHP script with f.e. image.png file name, and Apache instead of returning static image from server disk, will execute PHP interpreter. http://php.net/manual/en/image.examples-png.php <?php header("Content-type: image/png"); $string = $_GET['text']; $im = imagecreatefrompng("images/button1.png"); $orange = imagecolorallocate($im, 220, 210, 60); $px = (imagesx($im) - 7.5 * strlen($string)) / 2; imagestring($im, 3, $px, 9, $string, $orange); imagepng($im); imagedestroy($im); ?> Each time generate slightly different image, with just few meaningless pixel changed. Hash from it, will be completely different, and the whole blocking algorithm will be useless. User visiting website never knows whether something looking like file (by file name and file type), is static or dynamically generated.

Quite silly comparison to be honest.. It could be made in few minutes from couple capacitors and rectifying diodes, 230 VAC, and wires put in jar with water below it (and extraordinary patience)...

I have feeling that you misunderstood "waveform of optical pulse".. Easier example is pulse of LED (Light Emitting Diode). 1 Hz pulse. 0.5 second it's turned on, 0.5 second it's turned off. It could be millions or billions of photons in each pulse, not single photon particle. Compress 1s, or 0.5s pulse, in my "home made" example, to 10^-18 second (attosecond), and you will have ultrashort pulse. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrashort_pulse It still could have tremendous quantity of photons emitted at almost the same time.

This slogan could be used by some fitness trainer. "Loss weight. Don't bend spacetime so much!"

No, they have in one axis energy of photon (or frequency, or wavelength), and in second axis some other measured quantity.

Nitric acid you can create from air, and water. Just build device.

Recently I read article about utilizing demolished graphite rods used in nuclear reactors, which after bombarding by free neutrons, for years, turned from C-12 to C-13, then to radioactive C-14. Authors wanted extract C-14 and then use in batteries. Long time working batteries with quite low power. Carbon-14 -> Nitrogen-14 + e- + Ve + 0.156476 MeV 1 g / 14 g/mol = ~0.0714 mol * 6.022141*10^23 = 4.3*10^22 atoms. 1.64*10^11 decays per second at the beginning. 4 mW power (including neutrinos). With half-life ~5730 years, and 156 keV per decay energy (part taken by neutrino), it could work for hundred or 1k years steadily, with very little drop of power. To have 1 W (50% energy taken by neutrinos), there would be needed ~500 grams of C-14, if I calculated correctly.

Depends were you are. That's the last thing you should bother in this experiment.. Ballon that carry rocket would have to be giant. Hindenburg had 245 meters. And could carry a few tons of payload.

Ballon can reach only certain altitude and that depends on density of gas, and density of atmosphere at that altitude, around ballon. When pressure is 101325 Pa, temperature is T=273.15 K, there is 0.04464 mol/L (ideal gas law). Multiply it by molar mass of gas, and you have density of gas. f.e. Hydrogen H2 has molar mass 2.016 g/mol 0.04464 * 2.016 = 0.08999424 g/L density of Hydrogen gas Helium He has molar mass 4.0026 g/mol 0.04464 * 4.0026 = 0.178676064 g/L density of Helium gas Ballon has mass of gas inside it, plus mass of device, so overall density will be higher than above one mentioned. Use some calculator (Google "density altitude calculator") to learn what density of atmosphere is at certain altitude and confront it with above ballon density. Device lighter than air can't go further altitude were they both are equal.

Then maybe you should start from buying setup in the first place? Lasers 100 mW red,green,blue. Cost $12 each. Double slit for photons cost $7. Spend $43 and replicate experiment by yourself. Double slit experiment with photons, interference pattern changes when different energy photons are used (classic wavelength=hc/E), therefor I said to buy 3 lasers red,green,blue, to compare differences. Double slit experiment with electrons, interference pattern changes when different kinetic energy of particle is used.

Double slit experiment can be done with photons, or with electrons, or other particles. You should clarify which version you're interested in. In the case of electrons, there are used thousands volts to accelerate them, to pretty significant velocity. Electrons will have quite high kinetic energy. 1000 V = up to 1000 eV kinetic energy, which is gamma=1.0019569513, which is velocity=~ 18700 km/s. 31 times more than enough to escape entire galaxy.