Sensei

Hello! Many people, especially newbie that just joined forum, are bringing back old threads to front. f.e. threads with questions made by members that are no longer here anymore for years. Answering their questions has no sense, as they will never read it. Programmers of this forum can do couple things to prevent it: - if thread has been started f.e. 1 year ago (and/or the last reply to thread was 1 year), show in-line message (<div> HTML tag) immediately after going to such thread reminder that it's old thread. Red warning with easy to spot size f.e. 100px+ height, whole width of screen. - if somebody will try to reply in such thread show requester asking for confirmation (and instruction why requester is showing up) (JavaScript confirm() function can be used) http://www.w3schools.com/js/tryit.asp?filename=tryjs_confirm (See link, if you want to see how JS confirm() works) - if somebody will try to reply in such thread alert moderator, which can accept resurrection of old thread, or reject it. Reply will be delayed until mod accepts it. Best Regards!

Oscilloscope can be called obsolete-CRT televisor. Either one are emitting electrons from electron gun, and their trajectories are bend by electric/magnetic fields. Horizontal and vertical independent deflection. After striking screen they emit photon, which we can see at certain position. You can draw whatever you like by controlling amount of electrons emitted (brightness of pixel), and controlling deflections in x and y axis.

No, you don't. These ready setups have distance between two slits 0.06 mm (60 um), and 0.1 mm (100 um). Using these setups, you learn math equations which will lead to observed effect. Run one laser with them projecting on white wall, with scale attached, with well-known distance from slits to wall. Measure distances between created dots on wall. etc. etc. Repeat with other laser color. Repeat with other slit setup (different wideness of slit and offset between them). Compare all cases. etc. etc. It's heavy math work. I bet you never did this.

Buy double slit set up ($5.5): http://www.eduvis.pl/oferta/fizyka-pomoce-dydaktyczne/optyka/zestaw-nr-9-do-badania-interferencji-swiatla-doswiadczenie-younga-detail and red, green, blue lasers at ebay. You should first see how it looks in the real world, prior making any conjecture..

Start from reading Physics History Database in order they were discovered: http://www.ultimate-theory.com/en/2015/1/27/physics-history-database

[math]\frac{MeV}{c^2}[/math] is simply kg multiplied by two physical constants... What is equation for power? P = I * U 1 W = 1 A * 1 V What is equation for I? I = Q/t so P = Q/t * U so P*t = Q*U so E = Q*U 1 J = 1 C * 1 V Then apply knowledge about elementary charge e = 1.602*10^-19 C 1.602*10^-19 J = 1.602*10^-19 C * 1 V And you have definition of electron volt. MeV is 1 million electron volts. 938.272046 * 10^6 * 1.602*10^-19 / 299792458^2 = 1.6726*10^-27 kg

Hello! Cosmic inflation: BICEP 'underestimated' dust problem http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-29305985 It's half year old, but I don't see it being mentioned in some thread (at least searching for BICEP). "But what can be said now, adds Prof Coles, is that BICEP's March claim "was premature, to say the least"." Best Regards!

FIRE

COMA

HEAT

You're mixing Photoelectric effect, with Pair production and Compton Effect. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compton_scattering Comparison of various photon-atom interactions:

We're giving links with material to read them by you.. Not to ignore them. That's why neutral clouds of Hydrogen doesn't fuse. They need pressure and temperature (energy). First to ionize, second to accelerate to overcome Coulomb's barrier. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb_barrier IIRC it's couple keV for Hydrogen. These kind of experiments with photons are cheap. Few hundred dollars. Anyone can make your own laser, not to mention buy it, or remove from old not used CD/DVD recorder.. To experiment with f.e. spectral lines, there is needed source of high voltage f.e. Cockcroft-Walton generator ($30 for 40 kV) Cost of spectrum tube/piece $17 http://www.ebay.com/itm/Hydrogen-Spectrum-Tube-Spectral-Lines-Analysis-Physics-Spectrology-Optics-/330997834410 (not to mention anyone can make by yourself filling glass tube with gas you want) Please don't tell me you don't have $50.. (I know what would be the next question after running discharge tubes - why they change color after bringing to them magnets.. ) Buy bottle of distilled water, http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Distilled-Water-1-Litre-1000ml-/140875936814(7 ukp) or Graham condenser, conical flask and silicon pipes and distill water by yourself. Make hole in bottle, fill by distilled water, let water flow freely. Charge stick, and bring close to water drops. Repeat with salt water, and tap water. Record everything on video (on tripod, to be able to estimate bending of water) for later review and comparison between them. And that would be your first science experiment. ps. Distilled water is used in these devices because tap/salt water would damage them with time (see limescale in pots in kitchen)

Experiments dictates what theories we make, not theories dictates what particles do. We make conservation rules basing on observations how particles behave. Google "lepton number conservation violation" https://www.google.pl/#q=lepton+number+conservation+violation Isn't double beta decay neutrinoless example of violation of Lepton number? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_beta_decay#Neutrinoless_double_beta_decay IMHO it is. On the left of equation we have L=0 for unstable isotope prior decay, on the right of equation we have 2 electrons, thus L=+2, and 0 anti-neutrinos carrying -2 L..

That's exactly reverse. Particles do what they are doing since ever. And we're creating theories that are describing their interactions. Including conservations. If there is observed decay that we thought cannot occur, there is violation of conservation, and following consternation of scientific community.. Like with f.e. Lepton number conservation.

Please. Not again, Swansont. If you will be locking every thread he makes, he won't learn anything. That's counter productive. He just must start reading links we're giving him..

I gave macroscopic example (rocket) with cosmic scale distances. But it's just matter of scale. The same must be true at micro and quantum scale. Replace rocket by proton, put in tunnel, and you have CERN experiment.. (except inability to emit directional polarized photons at will) If I will send electron and positron to spherical vacuum chamber with array of detectors, and one detector will read gamma photon with f.e. 0.25 MeV, then detector at the opposite end of chamber will have to read 0.772 MeV (+ original kinetic energy corrections), as they must sum up to at least 1.022 MeV energy of electron and positron... From time delay we can read where annihilation happened. From red shift, blue shift of photons we can read what was their velocity. Even though chamber is in completely different frame of reference than electron-positron. ps. I am surprised that nobody pointed me that rocket should be decelerating in 2nd case. ps2. Every particle is in its own frame of reference.

Yes, I do. In thread that I started 1.5 years ago about "role of isotopes in chemistry", you was the first one to write that there is no significant differences in chemical properties in compounds with different isotopes except heavy water's deuterium. Forgot your statement or learned something new.. ? http://www.scienceforums.net/topic/79556-role-of-isotopes-in-chemistry/#entry774048 While it's plainly not true. Chemical compound with different isotope will have different density, different boiling points, different melting points, different speed of sound in material etc. etc. All these things are more or less related to slightly different mass of isotope. After using average masses, we have average properties like in experiments and literature. After changing isotope to different, properties also change. On purpose of this thread you learned that apparently there are differences between S-32 and S-34 so they will be differently behaving in examples given in above PDF.. Difference like between night and day, from your older October 2013 statement.

Nope. It's in 1887. That's in page in link I gave! You didn't read? Of course. If you have container with substance, and bring it close (or turn on device) radiate it with well know particles, and substance will be split. You know that it's result of radiation.. If you would have source of strong neutrinos turned on/off (like nuclear/fusion reactor) or with controllable direction of beam of neutrinos and split would be occurring after beam pass through substance, then you would have prove it's cause of neutrinos. Well, it happens. That's how neutrinos detector works. f.e. Cl-37 + Ve + 0.814 MeV -> Ar-37 + e- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino_detector Neutrino must have energy > 0.814 MeV otherwise detector is not working. It's quite a lot. The most of neutrinos from the Sun are in range 0... 0.42 MeV from proton-proton fusions. It's either measured, and calculated: Creation of Deuterium: p+ + p+ -> D+ + e+ + Ve + 0.42 MeV 938.272 MeV + 938.272 MeV = 1875.61 MeV + 0.510999 + 0.42 MeV Split of Deuterium: D+ + 2.22 MeV -> p+ + n0 1875.61 MeV + 2.22 MeV = 938.272 MeV + 939.565 MeV Make experiments that will prove it. I did in the past, now I prefer making experiments.

It's called Newton disc http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_disc In CRT TV, LCD, LED, there are just red, green and blue diodes.

In post I wrote about all 4 Sulfur stable isotopes: "Sulfur-32 31.97207100(15) Sulfur-33 32.97145876(15) Sulfur-34 33.96786690(12) Sulfur-36 35.96708076(20)" I did this with Hydrogen and Deuterium, as an example. Just to show procedure.. For Sulfur it will be: 31.972071 * 0.9493 = 30.3510870003 32.97145876 * 0.0076 = 0.2505830866 33.9678669 * 0.0429 = 1.45722149 35.96708076 * 2.00E-004 = 0.0071934162 Summed together gives average 32.066084993 Your website gives: 32.06 Second entry: " 16 S sulfur 32.059 32.076" We're calculating average mass of molecule. In extremities of course we can take f.e. for minimum: Hydrogen-1 * 2 Sulfur-32 * 1 Oxygen-16 * 4 and receive mass 97.9673795424 u for maximum: Deuterium * 2 (or even unstable 12.32 y half-life Tritium) Sulfur-36 * 1 Oxygen-18 * 4 and receive mass 111.9919283156 u But it won't be average anymore. Just boundary theoretically possible (especially for rare D,S-36 and O-18) For sulfuric acid there is calculated average mass 98.078. I don't think so it's wrong result. See this. http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/sulfuric_acid#section=Create-Date They used the same algorithm of calculation of minimum mass (exact mass row) as I above. And got 97.96738 g/mol

Where is solution to Schrodinger equations allowing to calculate Helium-4 spectral lines?

f.e. photoelectric effect http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect Photon is absorbed, electron freed and accelerated.. Photon disintegration of nucleus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodisintegration [math]_1^2D+2.22 MeV\rightarrow_1^1H + n^0[/math] To split Deuterium atom you need 2.22 MeV energy. Result is free proton and free neutron.. So it's not just freeing electrons (ionization), but splitting nucleus as well.

Imagine rocket traveling at constant velocity v=0.866c. [math]\gamma=2[/math] It has on board accumulator/battery, which is powering laser with wavelength 532 nm (2.33 eV) (in frame of reference of rocket at least). Laser beam is send to polarization filter. It's non polarized light. Therefor 50% of photons pass through filter, and 50% of photons is reflected. Then photons are escaping rocket. They are detected by detectors A and B. That are at rest v=0c. They have the same frame of reference. [math]E_0=\frac{hc}{532 nm}=2.33 eV[/math] Detector A sees 2 photons with energy (relativistic Doppler Effect blue shift): [math]E_A=E_0 \sqrt{\frac{1+0.866}{1-0.866}}=2.33 eV*3.732=8.7 eV[/math] Detector B sees 2 photons with energy (relativistic Doppler Effect red shift): [math]E_B=E_0 \sqrt{\frac{1-0.866}{1+0.866}}=2.33 eV/3.732=0.6245 eV[/math] In frame of reference of rocket energy spend on emitting photons is 4*2.33 eV = 9.32 eV. We have 2 photons in detector A, and 2 photons in detector B: 2 * 8.7 eV + 2 * 0.6245 eV = 18.644 eV total energy received. 18.644 eV / 4 = 4.66 eV average per photon (in frame of reference of detectors). Now imagine that we have polarized light emitted by laser. We can adjust angle of polarization filter in rocket and adjust quantity of photons passed through and reflected. Imagine situation where 75% of photons passed through, and 25% of photons is reflected. We have 3 photons in A, and 1 photon in B: 3 * 8.7 eV + 1 * 0.6245 eV = 26.717 eV total energy received. 26.717 eV / 4 = 6.679 eV average per photon Just by rotating angle of polarization filter person on board of rocket can change energy received by all detectors, while in its own frame of reference energy appears to be the same.

I have decreased price of mine vodka to ~10% of shop price by using Graham condenser. Right now I have 50 L waiting in queue for distillation..

Hello! Subject: Violation of energy conservation in (special) relativity. Possible? plausible? not possible? What is your opinion, and why? Best Regards!