Airbrush

Instead of the singularity, the big bang expanded out of a super-dense region of undeterminable size. What was there before the big bang? There was either a pre-existing universe or not.

Ok then the centrifuge doesn't need to be a complete wheel, it could be most simply only two modules that are rotating around a hub suspended by cables inside 2 pressurized tunnels, one to each module. Then it could be a much larger radius, and you can add modules symmetrically.

Artificial gravity just for sleeping simply because bigger technical problems building a bigger centrifuge for other activities. Sleeping requires the least amount of valuable space therefore allowing for a smaller centrifuge.

He can turn on the charm when he needs to. Many people claim to like him, for example Geraldo Rivera told Bill Maher on the last "Real Time" that Trump has been good to him for decades, so why would Geraldo not like Trump? And Playboy Bunny McDougal really liked him.

Very interesting and thanks for providing this. So before the big bang there was no space or space-time. So what's the difference between "space" and space-time"? That is why I thought that before matter/energy happened, there was only space, NOT space-time.

Anyone know when humans may start building a rotating wheel space station? Not too soon. My little search found this: "...NASA has explored plans for a Nautilus X centrifuge demonstration project. If flown, this would add a centrifuge sleep quarters module to the ISS. This makes it possible to experiment with artificial gravity without destroying the usefulness of the ISS for zero g experiments. It could lead to deep space missions under full g in centrifuge sleeping quarters following the same approach." "NASA has never attempted to build a rotating wheel space station, for several reasons. First, such a station would be very difficult to construct, given the limited lifting capability available to the United States and other spacefaring nations. Assembling such a station and pressurizing it would present formidable obstacles, which, although not beyond NASA's technical capability, would be beyond available budgets. Second, NASA considers the present space station, the ISS, to be valuable as a zero gravity laboratory, and its current microgravity environment was a conscious choice." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotating_wheel_space_station "In order to assess and characterize influences and effects of the centrifuge relative to human reactions, mechanical dynamic responses and influences, the demonstration of a similar centrifuge first would be tested on the ISS. If produced, this centrifuge would have been the first in-space demonstration of sufficient scale for artificial partial-g effects.[1] The demonstrator would be sent using a single Delta IV or Atlas V launcher. The full cost of such a demonstrator would be between US$83 million and US$143 million." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautilus-X#ISS_centrifuge_demonstration

Since we now refer to space as "space-time" it seems that our time began with the big bang. So before the big bang there was no space-time, rather there was only "space"? "Space-time" is something that begins with the creation of matter/energy?

I don't know about Trump being the "most smart American", but he looks and acts like an anti-Christ. Nothing about him is Christ-like and yet he claims to be Christian. What does Trump do for the "least of his brethren"? He considers the least of his brethren as losers. Trump wanted to call the Tax Bill the "Cut, Cut, Cut Bill". Biggest cuts for the very wealthy, less big cuts for the moderately wealthy, and modest cuts for the rest of us.

Suppose the centrifuge is only for sleeping, maybe 20 feet in diameter, with evenly spaced sleeping compartments to stay balanced, low-mass structures suspended by cables from the hub. Since it is low-mass only a small amount of counter-rotation thrust is needed for the ISS. If people could sleep in 1g that would be a health improvement.

This is something I can't figure out. Why don't they add a module that has a big centrifuge so the astronauts can work in 1G gravity? Or at least they can sleep and recreate in 1G. The ISS is like a big tinker toy where modules of all shapes and sizes can be attached. Why not attach such a centrifuge?

Sure, but do you talk like a "wise-guy" from The Godfather, Good Fellas, or Casino?

How much of the "truth" about the outside world do you think a population can know, when they are totally controlled by an authoritarian media system? The average person may detect inconsistencies or undeniable falsehoods in what they are told. It would make them wonder. They may be suspicious, but more importantly in overwhelming fear of death or being sent to prison for life, along with all their relatives, if they don't ACT well. They must learn to have a good poker face, and learn to emote, cry or cheer, on cue. To be a good actor is for simple survival. Certainly the North Korean soldier told CNN exactly what he was TOLD to say. Does he really believe that the South needs to be liberated by the North? Is there a campaign by Southerners to sneak DVDs about life in the South, into the North, using helium balloons and other means?

Does anyone know what the common attitude the North Korean people have towards South Korea? I heard in a CNN documentary of a US journalist traveling in North Korea asked a North Korean soldier what he thought of South Korea and he said they want to LIBERATE South Korea. That was the word "liberate". Are North Koreans taught the South has it worse than they do and they need to liberate the south for their own good? That seems to be a major disconnect with reality. If the North Koreans learned the truth about the South, would they want to join the South or keep their leader, Kim?

Interesting conversation! I'm not clear on what you mean by "Did Trump create this or was already there and someone was always going to be it's Oz?" Could you expound on this idea? Yes it was basically a publicity stunt for Trump to run for president. Trump wanted to be his idea of president, but also doubted that he would win the election. But that's ok since winning the election didn't matter since he would win either way. If he lost the election he gained the publicity he craved. Good point about conservatives conning Trump. Trump never knew what he was getting into, and he admitted to that. At some point may he decide to resign because he's not having as much fun as he thought he would?

Trump thinks he is a gangster oligarch. Nobody that I am aware of in the media uses nicknames to the degree that Trump does, except for gangsters. Nicknames are paramount among gangsters. Nor does anyone in the media use psychological projection to the extreme degree that Trump does. "Psychological projection is a theory in psychology in which humans defend themselves against their own unconscious impulses or qualities (both positive and negative) by denying their existence in themselves while attributing them to others.[1] For example, a person who is habitually rude may constantly accuse other people of being rude. It incorporates blame shifting." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_projection

Could you be more specific? Give us an example of a popular documentary that got Hubble data wrong. I don't have a clue what you are talking about.

"The Universe was not concentrated into a point at the time of the Big Bang. But the observable Universe was concentrated into a point." Right, because the observable universe has a definite finite shape, a perfect sphere. At the "time of the big bang" we don't know anything about the universe being a "point" right? Would it be more proper to say the big bang started out with no definite shape, from a region of unknown size?

When I think of the "Trump-Russia Collusion" question, I'd prefer a new term "alliance". All it required was a brief meeting of the minds of Trump and Putin, an alliance. At that time Putin may have simply said to Trump "We will help you win the election, but we want you to be nice to us and ease off the sanctions." And Trump simply answered "Yeah, sure." That is all the "collusion" or conspiracy that may have taken place. That is all that is needed. That is why Trump keeps repeating over and over again "No collusion" because between him and Putin, all it took was a single brief meeting of the minds. MAYBE the Mueller investigation will never turn up evidence of "collusion" because Trump and friends worked diligently at not leaving evidence for collusion or conspiracy. There could be more evidence for criminal conspiracy that Mueller has not revealed yet. Hopefully Mueller will make a dump of findings well in advanced of the midterm elections. Trump is united with Putin in more than one way. The way Russian intelligence works, as described by an x-CIA agent, is influence by the acronym "MICE". M is for MONEY, I is for IDEOLOGY, C is for COERSION, and E is for EGO. Every one of these methods may easily apply to Trump. Trump is even ideologically united with Putin, because as a real estate tycoon, undisputed ruler of a big private company, Trump is an oligarch. "Oligarchy ....is a form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people. These people might be distinguished by nobility, wealth, family ties, education or corporate, religious or military control. Such states are often controlled by families who typically pass their influence from one generation to the next, but inheritance is not a necessary condition for the application of this term. Throughout history, oligarchies have often been tyrannical, relying on public obedience or oppression to exist. " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligarchy

By recognizing WHERE the attack is coming from, WHAT the objective of the attack is, and WHEN (leading to the midterm elections). For people who rely on Facebook for their news, simply be skeptical about stories favoring the GOP and/or attacking the Dems. When the US Navy broke the Japanese code in 1942, they knew where the enemy was coming from and their objective, Midway, and when. So an ambush is possible. "The news always says the Russians interfered with the US elections to sew chaos in democracies." But they will not say Putin is doing his best to keep his guy in office.

After the Russia elections Trump called Putin to congratulate him on having the powers of a dictator. "I'm proud of you Vlad, I would like the powers you have!" We would not have known about this if the Kremlin did not report it and some details were not leaked to the press. After Xi of China takes power for life, Trump remarked that was a good idea. "I'm proud of you Xi, I would like to have power for life!" We can only assume Trump envies Kim Jong-Un for his absolute power, as a "smart cookie". The House Intelligence Committee reached the conclusion that although Russia interfered with the US elections, it was NOT in favor or Trump. That is at odds with all the US intelligence agencies, and should seem obviously false to anyone following the story and Trump's predictable defense of Putin. Why does the news, including CNN and MSNBC, not simply say "Russia is fighting FOR TRUMP?" Putin wants his puppet to remain in power. The news always says the Russians interfered with the US elections to merely sew chaos in democracies. Why not say that Putin is doing everything he can to keep Trump in power? Putin will continue to interfere in the US midterm elections to help Republican congress retain majorities. That will keep Trump safe from impeachment. If we know the Russians are coming, and we know who they are helping (GOP), why can we not ambush them?

Only part of the big bang perplexes you? Good for you, ALL of it perplexes me.

Again I totally agree. I'm NOT in favor of gun ownership. I'm just trying to explain the reasoning behind SOME people owning A gun (not a collection of guns). When the cop told me I should have A gun, when I reported an intruder, that was not enough to motivate me to buy my shot gun. My real motivator was the first Terminator movie. The hero used a shot gun to defend against a robot from the future. I suspect a lot of folks buy A gun because of the thrill (that I experienced) of owning a real fire arm. That was in 1984 when I was 30. I'm not proud to own a gun, it is stupid. I just don't want to dispose of it. If the government told me to surrender it, I'd be glad to. Does anyone else have A gun they bought for the THRILL, but really don't think about using it? As for collecting a number of guns, I can't figure that out. Second Amendment: "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear [single shot muskets] shall not be infringed." What gun owner thinks they are a member of a "well regulated militia"? The 2nd Amendment sounds absurd in light of modern fire arms.

I agree, however having a loaded gun hidden near your bed is much handier than scuba gear for a potential drowning accident. If a teacher already has a pistol and is already expert, of sane mind, and can pass a test, they should carry the gun in a holster during the school day. The problem with this is there are probably very FEW such teachers.

Exactly!