sciencehealth

Severe, live threatening bacterial pneumonia can be easily and completely treated by antibiotics in few days. Spontaneous or traumatic pneumothorax are relatively easy to treat. Lung cancer is often hard to treat because the lung tissue does not have pain receptor, so it can grow to a considerable size before it starts to cause pain (when it invades a blood vessel for an example).

There are desalination tools available, which remove the salt (NaCl) but keep most other elements in the water. Many travelers across the sea have used them so far and probably drunk several liters of desalinated seawater per day and have been fine. So, obviously, other minerals or substances ingested with seawater in reasonable amounts are not (very) toxic. Usgs.gov Drinking seawater at the river mouth could be hazardous, though (less salt but more industrial toxins). Drinking seawater dehydrates you. This is because human kidneys have a limited capability to concentrate urine, which means for every gram of salt they excrete they also have to excrete a certain amount of water, which is greater than the amount of water in seawater you've drunk. In summary, for every liter of seawater you drink your kidneys will excrete at least 1.5 liters of urine, so your water balance will be minus 0.5 liters. Drinking seawater is never a god idea to overcome dehydration, because every little amount of seawater you drink will result in a negative water balance. This is explained a bit more here. Dehydration is lethal when you lose more than about 10% of water from your body, which is 7 liters for a 70 kg man. Drinking 1 liter of seawater would result in "only" 0.5 liters of your body water, which is far from lethal (assuming you were well hydrated on the beginning).

Several studies have been made, when participants were exposed to low temperatures and moist conditions, and they got no more cold than others not exposed to low temperatures. I personally am still not convinced and I believe a slight hypothermia might lower your immunity and increase the chance of getting cold...when viruses are around. Not sure. Walking barefoot in a cold water could in long-term increase the risk of gout or other type of arthritis in your toes.

Sepsis basically means spread of the infection from the original site via blood to another site in the body. By another definition, the mere presence of bacteria in the blood, when it does not cause symptoms, is called bacteremia, and when it does, it is called sepsis.