ark200

if there are bad reasons to believe then there must be good ones.

bad reasons of believing anything are 4: 1. tradition 2. authority 3. general agreement: crowd opinion 4. private Revelation but what are good reasons of believing anything? any idea?

once geocentric model was the real world. now heliocentric model becomes real world. it makes no difference. really.

i am asking it because i have found that astrology is based on geocentric model of cosmos. we test it on heliocentric model and it failed. is not it obvious? something is tested on a model on which it is not based. is not it bound to fail? but if we took geocentric astrological data and convert them into heliocentric data, will astrology fail?

really? a book that is first written and destroyed and rewritten. we have the second version. we should say that this second version is worst. we don't know anything about the first version. here people still believe that prophet Muhammad was the way we found him in modern Qur'an which was forged. people don't understand the possibility of a completely different character of prophet Muhammad in the original manuscript or its 4 versions. Qur'an was forged. the original manuscripts are destroyed. drastic changes are made in the new "official" Qur'an. the implication of this is that the real Islam as we found it today was not the same in the earlier times (i mean in original manuscripts.hence they were burnt.). the character of prophet may be different in the original manuscript.

by pure i mean original, authentic and as told by the prophet himself.

this question is not a joke. there are several reason behind it. let me put it below: prophet has 4 deciples whom he taught quran himself personally. these 4 deciples are: 1. abdullah ibn masud 2. salim, the freed slave of abu hudaifa 3.ubayy b. kaab 4.muadh bin jabal according to (Sahih Bukhari, Volume 5, Book 58, Number 150). [search on the referenced site to find the number "150" if you want to verify the written literature]. I heard the Prophet saying, "Learn the recitation of Qur'an from four persons: (1)Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, (2)Salim (who was killed in the 633 CE battle), the freed slave of Abu Hudhaifa, (3)Ubayy B. Ka'ab and (4)Muadh bin Jabal." each of this 4 men has his personal version of quran. after the prophet died in 632 CE, there was a great war organized by caliph othman. there he saw the warriors recited different quran; actually the 4 version of quraan. so he ordered zayd to write an official quraan. The 2nd most trusted Hadith is called Sahih Bukhari. In Volume 6, Book 61, Number 510, the story about Muslim soldiers arguing about different versions of the Qur’an reads as follows: [search on the referenced site to find the number "510" if you want to verify the written literature]. "Hudhaifa was afraid of the different recitations of the Qur'an, so he asked 'Uthman, "O chief of the Believers! Save this nation before they differ about the Qur’an as Jews and the Christians did before." In response to the request, the Caliph Uthman sent a message to Hafsah since she had the most important original manuscript sheets collected about 634 CE. We find written: "Send us the manuscripts of the Qur'an so that we may compile the Qur'anic materials in perfect copies and return the manuscripts to you." Hafsah sent copies to Uthman. Caliph Uthman had men who knew the Qur’an to assemble it again. We find written: Uthman then ordered four men to rewrite the manuscripts in perfect copies. After this had been done, the Hafsah codex was returned to her. "Uthman returned the original manuscripts to Hafsah." Having obtained this new version, Uthman ordered all other Qur’ans to be destroyed by fire. We find written: Uthman sent to every Muslim province one copy of what they had copied, and ordered that all the other Qur'anic materials, whether written in fragmentary manuscripts or whole copies, be burnt. after the official qurraan was written and all other quraans are burned by the order of othmaan, people express grivences in the following way: 1] Let’s begin with Mas’ud, who was asked to burn his personal version of the Qur’an. "How can you order me to recite the reading of Zaid, when I recited from the very mouth of the Prophet some seventy Surahs?" "Am I," asks Abdullah, "to abandon what I acquired from the very lips of the Prophet?" (Masahif" by Ibn abi Dawood, 824-897 AD, pp. 12, 14). the question is: Would Mas’ud accept the Qur’an of today as being pure since he refused to destroy his unique version? It is important to ask, "Why did Mas’ud refuse to give in and destroy his version of the Qur’an?" Mas'ud was a close companion and personal servant of Muhammad.Mas'ud would have had confidence that he was qualified to create his unique version of the Qur'an. 2] lets consider the very original manuscript of quraan called hafsa codex which hafsa, wife of muhammad kept with her till her death. hafsa did not want to burn this original version. it was burnt after she died. question is why hafsa did not want to burn it? there are differences between official quraan and quraan of these 4 people: a] the Qur'an version created by Mas'ud did not have chapters 1, 113, and 114 that are in the "official" Qur'an of today. Is the Qur’an truly pure as believed by Muslims today? b] Scholars have found that Ubayy's version differed from the "official" Qur'an with two additional chapters (entitled: Surat Al-Khal and Surat Al-Afd). Since Ubayy was taught the Qur'an by the prophet Muhammad, why doesn't the "official" Qur'an contain the two additional chapters? all these things shows that drastic changes have occurred in official quraan. now it is important to ask : is the quraan pure? it is the same official quraan compiled by zayd on the order of uthman we are reading today. it is important to ask : is it pure? source: http://www.harvardhouse.com/quran_purity.htm

how to construct model to know about phenomena? is model analogous to something?

is model a representation of actual phenomena? is it analogous to the actual phenomena or is it actual phenomena itself? for example: is atom actually looking like its model i.e. ball shape? or is atom analogous to ball shape?

but we do things for a purpose of our own. can't we do altruism with an interest of our own i.e preacher save soul to go to heaven? also i wanted to know if we can do wellfare for all people?

fixed pattern of belief system is not responsible? our conditioning done by society is not responsible?

why we don't understand something?

is altruism possible? can we do welfare of all people? if we do welfare of industrialists, the labor class will suffer. if we do welfare of rich, the poor will suffer and vice versa.

thanks a lot. it is of real help. it is exactly what i want.

is math a language? if yes, what is its grammer and vocabulary? how to read, write and appreciate it?