J.C.MacSwell

This is the first thing that I thought of, because I know of Doctors that went into Nursing first and did very well at Nursing, all of which was transferable to becoming an MD. The actually did an "end run" around the competition where they would not have otherwise been accepted. It did take them longer to get to the same point, but at that point they were more well rounded in many aspects and if I remember it correctly they had less debt from being able to work as a Nurse.

Think 3D. The upper airflow is almost always higher velocity (and typically somewhat veered, clockwise, in the Northern hemisphere) compared to the lower airflow. In gusty conditions there is mixing of the two flows. The upper flow comes down creating a gust cell that fans out displacing the lower slower moving air. The cell and shear line between the two can move slower than the air in either flow and can in fact sometimes stay fairly stationary or even retreat, while still being "fed" from above and to windward and exiting upwards again and to leeward. So that is why the gust seems slower than the air in it. Sometimes they die out fairly quickly and sometimes they persist. Often heating of the lower level air triggers the start of a gust, as it expands, becomes lighter, a pocket of air rises. The upper air fills in behind and begins the cycle. But you are correct, there is very little compressibility, and the mass flows must balance.

The cause is excess calories absorbed over calories used. The causes of the cause varies with every individual.

In common language usage, does anyone make the distinction?

Hi Random You know you did it. You've done your time...you don't want to go back... time to move on!

The Lord said unto Moses "come forth!"... ...but he came fifth...so they gave him a jackknife.

Tell that to the ship... as it takes off and leaves you bobbing in the ocean.

(just to stay consistent; Bert is in the back and Frank is in the front) They are at rest in the same inertial frame at the start and start to accelerate simultaneously in that frame. At that point they would agree on the time and distance. Immediately, as they accelerate, this agreement is lost. After both have finished accelerating (same time as measured in the original or Dock frame, different times in their new frame) they will again agree on simultaneity but will disagree on the passage of time (Frank will have aged more, having waited for Bert to finish accelerating) Their Ship will have stretched to approximately twice it's length in their new rest frame.(or most likely come apart, depending on it's physical properties) All "theoretically" possible. Staying the same length (one light year), in the frames of Bert or Frank while accelerating at that rate is not. It would require breaking the rules of SR.

So, eventually, presumably, Christ comes first, Satan ends up in second place, and you claim the Antichrist comes fourth. So who comes third?

...and the list of countries that have tried it "properly" is? ... ...??

Except while accelerating the observer will not be aware of any changes between the original inertial frame and the later one, unless he looks out the window and uses the same reference points. He/she will interpret light speed as being the same as it was.

So you are assuming no time dilation and have come upon a contradiction?

Have you accounted for time dilation?

I knew the lines had no resistance. The voltmeter is extraneous in the set up. It tells you nothing. I assumed it was a voltage source and the ammeter a current source. What you (and Hal) did looks correct...assuming no resistance at the ammeter and infinite resistance at the voltmeter.

OK, I assumed that was a voltage source also. So what do you make of the circuit connecting the top and bottom at the voltmeter? Is that actually part of the circuit? Or is it just the connections for the voltmeter? If it is part of the circuit with no resistance then what drives the 4A?

You do know that but the 4A is a current "source", not a meter reading. Correct? So it is a variable voltage source as well. (it will give a potential required to make it 4A)

Tell him he's crazy...6 THOUSAND years! Tell him the Universe was created 5 minutes ago and unfolded from there. Get him to prove you wrong.

There is an impulse/reaction when the photon is created. So there is, presumably, a force for some duration.

That was my point, though I don't see it as a contradiction. Any nonzero distance (as measured in every current rest frame) between two objects cannot be maintained while they are accelerating (in the direction of the distance between them) while they stay in shared rest frames. A distance (a maximum of which is limited by their separation and rate of acceleration...ie. Frank can't break the laws of physics) can be maintained with respect to the rest frame of one or the other, but not both.

No. Bert would require Frank to finish adjacent to the bow of the Old Model Spaceship, which would have required him to move in the opposite direction at much higher than light speed, yet remain at rest with respect to him at the same time.

I would say it implies that Frank and Bert can not remained synchronized.

Let's say we have a Docking Station 1 light year long, with an additional extention on each end, 2 light seconds long. Brand New Spaceship tied to it, also 1 light year in length. Sister ship to Old Model Spaceship which is identical but has "old technology" propulsion, that limits the acceleration capability. The new rockets on Brand New Spaceship are so powerful that they can accelerate mass to 0.866c in 1 second. To minimize the stresses during acceleration Brand New Spaceship has many of the new rockets spread out along it's length and will be synchronized to work together by a number of well trained Operators. For the maiden voyage they have decided to have an impressive start with a full acceleration take off. Chief Operator Captain "Bert" is at the back of the ship waving to Dockyard Worker "Betty". Some months earlier they had noticed the front of Old Model Spaceship pass by in the direction of the front of their new craft. It was still passing by even though they estimated her speed to be 0.866c. First Mate Operator "Frank" is at the front of the ship waving to Dockyard Worker "Fiona". They had still seen no sign of Old Model Spaceship even though they new she was scheduled to fly by. All the Operators had their watches synchronized and were ready to engage there rockets at the agreed upon time. They understood the importance of the timing to the structure of Brand New Spaceship. As the start time approached, Bert and Betty noticed the stern end of Old Model Spaceship finally approaching. Still no sign of Old Model Spaceship for Frank and Fiona. The start time came, and all operators engaged their rockets for a full and smooth 1 second "burn". Each rocket accelerated perfectly and after 1 second "rocket time" each portion of Brand New Spaceship was at 0.866c, as measured from the Dock. Betty and Fiona, after allowing for the transmission time, considered this to have taken more than 1 second, but still less than 2, so they considered this at least a partial, if not overwhelming, success. Bert was ecstatic. Referencing the Dock, he knew he had reached 0.866c. Not only that, but he glanced over to see a number of cheering passengers on the stern end of Old Model Spaceship. In only 1 second, from a dead start, he had matched their speed. He was now in the same rest frame as Old Model Spaceship. Frank was also ecstatic. He also knew he was at 0.866c relative to the extension at his end of the Dock. But he still saw no sign of Old Model Spaceship. Nor did Fiona. For them it was no where in sight. Not that it surprised them, as Fiona still wasn't expecting to see it for months. What happened? Is Frank in the same rest frame as Old Model Spaceship? Is he in the same rest frame as Bert? Is Brand New Spaceship still intact? Is there an absolute limit on acceleration that depends on length? Can anything accelerate while all it's parts stay in exactly the same shared rest frame at all times?

Isn't that regarding velocity of the receiver? The OP seems to be concerning velocity of the emitter.

It's usually not significant because no rockets are a light year in length, or even anything close to a light second, nor do they accelerate instantaneously to .866c. A relative rocket avoids contracting because the front end and back end accelerate differently, and until they stop accelerating they are actually in slightly different rest frames This effect would be superimposed, or additional to the other physical/structural effects you are suggesting, so setting them aside for now there would still be additional stresses and strains on the rocket. All points along the rocket cannot remain at rest with respect to each other while accelerating. If the front and back synchronized to an agreed on 1 second acceleration to .866c, and started at the agreed on time, would they later, after the acceleration, agree that they had both started at the same time? Finished the acceleration at the same time? If they cannot, then how could they have always shared the same rest frame?

It won't work in the second case when they are a light year apart. At a light second apart it's closer, but I think they are still too far apart for it to work at 0.866c, unless the observers accelerations were more gradual. The "appearance", makes it a little more complicated. It is somewhat tricky just maintaining the displacement wrt the observer alone.