J.C.MacSwell

I'm sure you are correct, but where is this from?

Yes, 50% further out.

This is correct but also outside the event horizon. (50% further out according to the link as Spyman pointed out)

I think it is for mass...but not for light!

The event horizon is the point (surface) from which nothing (quantum effects aside) can escape. It is not near the point (surface) at which the escape velocity of any mass would approach c. This point (surface) is outside both the event horizon and photon sphere. When you first posted your argument made sense to me, but it was because I was confusing the two points (surfaces again), so I had to think about it. Does this other surface have a name?

Is there another horizon outside the event horizon and photon sphere that corresponds to the escape velocity of massive particles that approach light speed? I think that may be the one you can (in theory) "climb" or accelerate out of as Insane Alien describes.

[ Oh, and I apologize for the "gravuty" error. "U" is pretty close to "I" on the keyboard, in my defense. No bug deal

And expands

This requires a material that has infinite tensile strength/stiffness and results in an infinite force.

Personally, I prefer Big Bang Model to Big Bang Theory. The evidence is limited not unlimited of course, but more significantly is largely untestable and based on a huge extrapolation. All of which is commendable under the circumstances and it seems it is a "best guess" at this time but the jury should still be out IMHO.

I'll guess 2!

53 for me!

I'll go 14! All those string theorist jumping like rats off a sinking ship have to go somewhere!

I could be wrong, but I always assumed the rest mass of an object to include it's temperature (or energy associated with temperature). So the rest mass of an object would be greater than that of the sum of it's parts (constituent particles) assuming the above is correct.

3.1415926 billion years. If it was forever, we would not have gotten to the big bang stage yet.

400 is mine! Not an educated guess. Just a GUT feel.

Keep it up and you'll be the next on the list!

It basically comes down to it's thrust to drag efficiency. It reaches a speed where the drag equals the thrust. Since the apparent wind is shifting further and further forward it is harder and harder to gain thrust to match the increasing drag (mostly aerodynamic drag on an iceboat) inspite of the increase in available energy. Due to the efficiency of the iceboat this can still come at over twice the wind speed.