The question is simply, "Name an ability, experience, or quality of humans that artificial intelligence will have difficulty with."
An example: Emotion.
I am hoping the list will grow long. In fact, today I wrote to the help/info people at Wikipedia asking them the in's and out's of starting a Wiki for this. If anyone knows where the wiki should start -- Wikipedia proper vs. Wikibooks vs. wikiProjects, etc -- or, for that matter, if anyone could then start the Wiki, that would be great.
So we're talkin' the list growing extremely long -- perfect for Wikipedia.
Moving on, so far we have Emotion. Then there's Creativity, Imagination, Art, and Humor, each of which can be broken down (assuming we can get a Wiki started). Art can be broken down into Music, Dance, Literature, Visual Art, and so on. Emotion can be broken down into Anger, Fear, Joy, Sorrow, Humiliation, Pride, and so on.
Then there are experiences, specific and non-specific -- for example, what it's like to raise a child, grow old, feel physical pain, feel lazy, feel jealousy (there's overlap with the emotions list here), what it's like to experience a hallucination or illusion, to miss or mourn over a loved one, to experience/feel camaraderie, to lead a group of people interpersonally, to smell what humans can smell, to experience what petting a dog feels like as a sensation and as a psychological experience, to feel bias, to have or reject religious faith, to deceive a human, to endure physical hardship, exertion, or disease; to experience poverty; to fear death; the other qualia, and so on.
The purpose would be to inform designers and theorists in artificial intelligence, and students.
Each item in the list would eventually hopefully include citations of pre-existing scholarship and research, and future directions.
Some related subjects: philosophy of mind, the Chinese Room Argument by John Searle, intentionality, philosophy of neuroscience and of science, epistemology, cognitive science, computationalism, neurophilosophy, functionalism, connectionism, cognitive anthropology, linguistics, philosophy of language, cognitive philology, autopoiesis, semiotics, mind-body problem, the hard problem of consciousness, philosophy of psychology, theoretical psychology and neuroscience, affective computing, embodied cognition, strong artificial intelligence, intelligence explosion, the singularity, Wittgensteinism, positivism, philosophy of logic, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of biology, cognitive ethology,