donkey

chimeric and transgenic are totally different things aren't they? I thought A chimera is an organism derived from two (or more) different cell populations with different genomes whereas transgenic is just an organism that's had a gene added isn't it?

I'm not convinced. Sounds like some sort of wiki-snobery

this thread *might* be of interest (probably not): http://www.scienceforums.net/forums/showthread.php?t=12663

good luck dude

all I know is that proteins can be transported into the lysosome by vesicles which fuse with the lysosome. I'm not sure that enzymes are released from them to destory other organelles.

I asked that before and someone mentioned something about genetic diseases which I personally think was a bit weak and a bit of an insult to geneticists...

Proteins called cyclins are involved with cell cycle timing. It'd be easiest just to quote wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin

I'm a bit confused, couldn't (wouldn't?) the shotgun method use dideoxy sequencing (i.e. it's not either or). My vague understanding is that shotgun sequencing is essentially a method used for assembling sequences together in order to reconstruct sequences of large stretches of DNA (such as a genome) whereas dideoxy (Sanger) sequecing tells us which actual base pair molecules appear in order.

I wouldn't be surprised, thousands of protein structures have been deterimined - and as far as I know most of them have been determined by X-ray crystallography. To answer the first question, I would say that x-ray diffraction and crystallography are two integral parts of x-ray crystallography which is using diffraction of x-rays by crystalised molecules (e.g protein) to infer the structure of the molecules. So, technically they're not the same thing but with sloppy english people might be refering to the same thing

Thanks, I appreciate you using your beer money to help educate us all

I don't think it does stand for radical. Side chains are not radicals!! Here it is just the side chain of an amino acid (for example, the side chain of Glycine is just H and for alanine it is CH3). I always took R groups in organic chemistry to be an organic group (where R sort of stood for rest [of the molecule])

energy is required by proteins in cells to carry out many process. For example, proteins use energy to change shape and signal another protein. Examples: G-protein signalling They also use it to produce a chemical reaction and either produce or breakdown a chemical. Example: production of fatty acids probably uses energy. Energy is generally stored in the form of high energy bonds in ATP

Ophiolite, I thought the exact same but couldn't be bothered sayinhg it

ok but you can't say "tRNA does get translated" - that's not correct. That's like saying "google language tools gets translated" (which makes no sense) instead of saying "google language tools helps translate english to german". I think that's where the confusion arose anyway

tRNA isn't and is never turned into a protein / amino acids. tRNA is a functional RNA molecule.

oligonucleotides are not the name for triple helices btw, they are simply a short stretch of single stranded (single helix - err kinda) DNA. Also, i think you probably mean RNAi and not iRNA but yeah i'll stop nitpicking now

dude, transcription is the formation of an RNA representation of the DNA code (i.e. step 1 you mentioned above). Step 2, where mRNA is used as a blueprint for a protein is not transcription - that is translation!

interesting point, my totally ill-informed guess would be that they spontaneously fold into their tertiary structure. It may also be worthwhile pointing out that tRNA has a lot of special, modified, bases (not A,C, U or G) which probably couldn't be "read" by the ribosome. I'm not sure how or when these bases are modified though so that might not be an important point...

or some other program like PyMOL (not a browser plugin) http://www.scienceforums.net/forums/showthread.php?t=12823

a protein prep to do what?

try uniprot (http://www.uniprot.org) for info about proteins but it'd help if you know what species you're looking for. Also, what do you mean by size? Molecular weight? Length in amino acids? Or dimension and volume of the space occupied by the protein when its folded (i'd be a bit surprised if it was the latter )? It's a bit awkward because you can't always find what you want - it's not always clear to me whether you're looking at the correct thing. good luck! For example,

Saliva secretion is controlled by the CNS. It's controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system. According to wikipedia, it's controlled by acetylcholine stimulating muscarinic M3 receptors. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasympathetic_nervous_system)

I don't want to be rude to creationists but I wish they'd study evolution before trying to argue against it. The best bit is definately this: As Dak already mentioned, this is evolution!! Organisms don't magically evolve specifically, or intelligently, to adapt to a new environment. It is the natural variation present within a population that becomes dominant within a population if it offers an advantage. So the only thing a crationist probably doesn't accept is that this small variation arises via mutation.

oh man, that's horrible yay for liberal, secular democracy!

yeah, retail is so wasteful - I've worked in a supermarket and a convenience store. Both threw out quite a lot of good food. getting back on thread, canned tuna lasts for ages! also, I'm sure you're all interested to know that I ate a tin of tuna the other day (well actually over 2 days), largely inspired by this thread! Although I had already bought it so i guess i would have had it sooner or later...