BiotechFusion

I described it in detail several times, you'll just have to read it.

I mean I appreciate the suggestion but I don't understand why you gave me some other model instead of just telling me if my current model will work. I'm just trying to see if I can make something generate DC current when I don't have the option to make 100000000000 coils at a micron level. Basically, I'm building a basic generator from scratch. Although, something else that may be relevant...do you happen to know if there's some kind of material that can increase the inductance of the coil or the effectiveness of the magnetic field?

That logic doesn't follow, I'm not assuming I'm right, I want to know if a particular conjecture is right, I'm just the one who happened to make said conjecture.

Right, and the realm/world/universe is a subspace of that coordinate system in a typical multiverse model. Just like with where I said the universe could be treated as a plane, well, maybe some of dimensions of the multiverse are at an angle and allow some universes to intersect to create wormholes. Maybe there's a way to construct a line from one plane to another.

I was just about the exit the site but I couldn't help but browse around a little bit. Dimensions don't overlap in the way you're describing. If they do, they aren't dimensions. An example of something that acts like a dimension but isn't and overlaps is polar coordinates, i.e. angles. Angles can overlap themselves like when you go around a circle multiple times where different angles give you the same position, like 0, 360, 720...Dimensions by definition do not do this, they are meant to be linearly independent basis for which to locate objects according to a certain coordinate system. It is possible to have a coordinate system in which one dimension is at an angle greater or less than 90 degrees to another dimension, but, for the purposes of modeling our universe, this is often only the case in Special Relativity. At rest, space is flat and the dimensions are all perpendicular to each other. Within multiverse theory, it is simply stated that our entire universe is either just one subspace or coordinate of a higher dimensional space with an orthogonal basis depending on the exact definitions used for what a universe is. If you can imagine a Cartesian coordinate system with an x and a y and a z axis, just imagine each universe as a 2-dimensional x-y plane or a "slice" within a higher 3D space for every z coordinate and that's essentially all multiverse theory is, nothing spectacular at all, the entire universe is just one relative plane among many others that fits into a higher dimensional space. Do only interval coordinates matter in multiverse theory? Are there universes for irrational coordinates relative to us? Can you go in between universes? Mathematically any of those circumstances could be the case, but no one really knows the actual answer because there's no experimental evidence of any of that. Oh yeah also, for gravitational theories, they're finally saying "ok, infinite anything in a finite volume doesn't make sense..." There shouldn't actually be "infinite" time dilation and length contraction inside a black hole. In fact inside a black hole everything should be normal for someone who fell in. So one solution to that which fits everything else is that space is quantized and that the interior of a black hole is made up of plank lengths and plank time because you simply can't have an amount of space less than a plank length...according to our models.

Which may or may not still be the case, I don't know, that's why I'm asking. I *asked* if I didn't. Never said I did, I don't do much with electronics. Which, again, is why I'm here asking questions, questions that you refuse to answer or simply don't know the answer to. I asked perfectly reasonable questions, it's your toxic attitude that's flippant, you've done nothing to help this discussion. Their direction of +/- depends on the circumstance and materials. In reality it is possible to move both positive and negative charges. I guess that remotely resembles what I'm talking about, but not close enough to be useful. I suppose I should just stick with real physicists at my university for questions, though I certainly don't want to assume everyone here is as negative as you.

I thought I did with questions like "So now, what is this thing I'm trying to make generating? It should be making DC..." and "So in other words, if I had like 8 phases and one diode, it would approximate a smooth DC current but still have a few small but negligible lumps?" and "if the magnets are oriented so that the South or North of each magnet is always facing outward...shouldn't that be DC by itself?" and "Will that be DC or AC?," Like more than half the stuff I'm talking about is if whether it will be DC or if I need to rectify it. If this model I'm trying to make is DC, then a majority of the thread is resolved, it would mainly be the transformer problem that is left. So, to go over it, I'm using a single, cylindrical copper coil as a stator that is parallel to the length of the rotor. The coil approximates circles when tightly wound. The magnetic field is radiating outward from the surface of three magnets on the rotor. The magnets on the rotor are all S on the outside, pointing N on the inside so that only the S end of the magnet is in the proximity of the coil on each magnet. In effect, there will be less surface area than typical generators for the copper wire, but, the poles of the magnets are pointing towards the coil. The magnetic field the coil experiences should be stronger just as the magnetic field at the poles of the Earth is stronger, and, what I think is it should always be DC since only the S end of each pole is close the coil at all times in the cycle. Is this true or not? And, if had just a typical rotor with alternating N and S magnets instead of only weaker S, what is the typical pattern for rectifying 2n number of magnets? Sometimes I see diamond shaped wheat-stone bridges, sometimes I see grid-like layouts with 6 diodes. Why can't I just use one diode to prevent the current from being drawn and rectify it? How would this kind of model be rectified?

I don't know what you've been reading exactly but that's the exact question I've been asking you this whole time, what will this device end up being? Ideally I'd want DC right off the bat but every time I ask you a question to determine how/if I can do that in the manner i describe I don't see a clear answer. It appears even a permanent generator isn't an exact match for what I'm looking to make, they still have alternating N and S magnets instead of all S. Just imagine this but with a single cylindrical coil parallel to the surface of the rotor instead of 8-12 perpendicular coils and two or more S outward-facing magnets instead of a single or alternating N and S magnet(s). Will that be DC or AC? And why or why not? How can it be rectified if AC, keeping in mind one end of the copper coil will have to loop all the way back around the stator to complete the circuit? In fact, mathematically, let's say I could cut up a flat bar magnet into an infinitely thin slice that maintained its magnetic properties. If I aligned an infinite number of those magnets in such a way that (even though they would try to repel each other) all the S ends were touching and all the N ends were touching, but, that the S ends were facing outward and the N were facing inward, I would have a continuous S part of the magnetic field surrounding the outside of the stator as the S end would be passing through the coil with the most strength due to the shorter distance from the S end to the coil, a sort of infinite-phase generator with no negative sinusoidal component, no N, thus I should have only DC current. All I'm waiting for you to do is confirm yes or explain why not. So far I've had one real life physicist say "yes that would be a smooth DC current" even if it would be weaker due to the fact that some of the strength of the S end would be masked by some of the N end that still radiated outward, but I don't know they aren't in expert an electronics.

Don't know, the magnetic field lines are proportional to the strength of the magnetic field which is proportional to the current. I'm not given resistance so I can't use Ohm's law to find the current. But, again, if I just have two South facing magnets, wouldn't the sine wave just have positive pulses instead that negative half waveform that goes to the negative value? Why not? I think this is what I'm trying to make, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_magnet_synchronous_generator I'm using permanent magnets to push charges in stationary coil, and since the magnets are attached to the coil, the magnetic field rotates at the same speed as the magnets. So why not just have all the magnets attached to the rotor all be facing S outward and get a smooth DC current with a 3 or 4 phase generator? Btw a moving magnetic field would create an electrical field wouldn't it? Is that why the magnetic field moves charges as if they were in an electric field?

Ok, well thanks for answering the diode problem. So now, what is this thing I'm trying to make generating? It should be making DC, and it might be bulkier than a thin little wire between a few magnets. Does a dynamo generate less power because the N end of the magnetic field is still somewhat close to the outward facing S end even if the S end is closer, thus lowering the net magnetic field experienced by the coil? But..wait...again I'm not trying to make a motor, so even in the first design I presented with the thin wire between a N facing magnet and a S facing magnet...why not just have two N facing magnets if there's an external source turning the wire?

It's a good thing I'm not talking about monopoles then or that would be a huge problem. All I'm saying is, if you have a rectangular magnet with N going out one side and S going out the other, have the S all pointing outward towards the copper coil and have the N all pointing inward towards the center of mass of the rotor. That way you only get DC because the S part of the magnetic field will certainly be stronger as it is closer to the coil and you won't have that switch between N and S which each turn of the rotor. I don't know if it's actually relevant anymore because if I start with DC, I don't need to convert from AC to DC, hence my question about if what I'm trying to make is actually a generator, not an alternator. But on the other hand, generators should also draw current when they aren't being used...shouldn't they? So can I just use a diode to prevent a generator from drawing current? Or is that only for alternators once again?

Oh, yeah I guess it is that simple, I guess I just didn't know what to do because...do I need the height of each tooth to be the same as well? So no matter what size of rack or pinion, all teeth need to have exactly the same dimensions?

Yeah I think polyphase is the idea I had, because I didn't want the generator to blow up the rest of the devices and I solved that by using smaller magnets and I also wanted the phases to add together to make something resembling a smooth waveform. But see in the case of something like this https://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-5edbe0cc97c4f4c9b688282547d998b0?convert_to_webp=true Now, just imagine that but with the simple cylindrical copper coil structure I had instead of those 8 different mini coils and that's what I'm trying to do. Also how would you even connect those 8 different smaller coils into a circuit? why do I need a N N N N and S S S S halves? Why not just have all the magnets be N N N N N N N N or all be S S S S S S S S facing to begin with and avoid that lower half and just make it positive? It's just magnetic force pushing charges over a distance and I'm not trying to make a motor to turn something like a lawn mower blade, I just don't understand why people bother with S AND N in this case. If I arrange the bar magnets running along the length of the rotor so that for each magnet, only the S is facing outward and almost touching the copper coil, and the N side is always facing inwards, away from the copper coil, why is that a problem? As long as they're welded or glued well enough the repulsion shouldn't make them fly apart.

So in other words, if I had like 8 phases and one diode, it would approximate a smooth DC current but still have a few small but negligible lumps? Keep in mind this is not the typical alternator design that you'd see in something like a lawn mower, rather just a single cylindrical but very tight coil of copper containing a rotor with several magnets on its surface inside, there is not necessarily a N and S of the magnet with equal effectiveness which is also what I am asking about. I am distinctly NOT doing this but am instead doing this with this distinction that the copper is wound like below this due to limited or unnecessary production capacities that inhibit such fine detailed winding. And also, is it a problem if I have all the magnets in the rotor facing outward in the same manner with the same orientation? With this kind of copper coil, the magnetic field should always (approximately) be perpendicular to the copper coil and maximize the effectiveness of the magnetic field, since only a perfect circle would be perpendicular to an (approximately) radial magnetic field along the length of the magnet at every point (approximately), and the cylinder almost forms perfect circles when tightly wound. Why not just have all the magnets be S and S and S and S facing outward if I have an external source turning the alternator? Wouldn't it still just be a magnetic force pushing on charges over a distance to create energy? I could see how in the case of the first design, I would need a N and a S to actually make the wire turn, but I'm not trying to make the wire turn, I just have an external source making the rotor turn and I just want electricity to flow through a stationary wire kind of like a wind turbine or hydroelectric generator, or actually maybe almost exactly like a wind turbine but smaller. Wait...is what I'm trying to do a generator and not an alternator? If it's a generator and everything I said was true about the wire being stationary and approximating parallel circles perpendicular to the magnetic field lines and having the magnets all be S S S, that would make it a smooth DC current on its own right?? Ok, but I don't really mean multi-phase at one voltage, I mean a fixed number of phases but with the alternator rotating at various frequencies and thus creating different voltages. Maybe a capacity would be in handy here? Or is there a type of transformer that can just convert a lot of different voltages almost at once and turn it into one single voltage?

I'm working on a simple alternator circuit but there's a few things I don't know. If I have a multi-phase alternator of 3 or more magnets rotating, I don't need a smoothing capacitor because the different phases add to make a smooth signal don't they? If I want it to be DC, do I still need a Wheatstone bridge even though its a smooth signal or just one diode? Some sources say a diode folds a wave form to make it all positive, but some sources say a diode only filters a wave form reducing the effectiveness of a waveform by completely dissipating the negative part of the wave form and reducing the actual energy that passes through while still preventing the current from being drawn in the other direction, which one is right? But, wait, if the magnets are oriented so that the South or North of each magnet is always facing outward...shouldn't that be DC by itself? But wait, the magnets would repel each other if the South end was always facing outward...but wouldn't that not be a problem in a symmetric alternator as long as the magnets are held in place well enough? Or, it's smooth, but would the alternator still draw current as much as at gives current even though all the different phases should add together? What kind of component do I use to transform a variety of voltages on one end into a single voltage on the other end of the component? Do variable transformers exist? Another thing I can't figure out is what if I don't want the circuit to draw electricity when it's not giving something power? Would only a single diode be needed to do that?

Hmm alright that's some good info. So I guess what you're saying is if I want a smaller gear, the teeth need to be the same size as they are on the rack and I need to have more teeth so that I can make the teeth on the gear smaller. But, there simply must be some way to have a few difference size options in the gear for a rack with a set number of teeth, I still don't see a clear formula for that. Let's say a rack is 1 meter/foot in length and 5/12 of a meter/foot in height, and the housing for the entire rack and pinion has to be a max of 12/12. So, the gear can only have a maximum of 7/12. How do I calculate the number of teeth on a gear of a few sizes between 0 and 7/12 of a unit? Also what's the math like for slanted gears? I don't really know why slanted gears exist cause they seem kind of weaker and stubby, but I was just thinking that if I wanted to save on the size of a gear when height/length is a limitation and reduce the height of the spurs from the gear, I could obtain the same surface area of contact by having slanted teeth interlock, but I also don't know any limit for how big a tooth can be cause at some point it would probably break off.

Do you mind expanding on that and answering the question? For some reason I can't find a single source that just says "if the gear is this size, use this many spurs of this size..." or "if you want this many spurs, use a gear of this size..."

I never did much with gears. I have a rack with 20 teeth and I want a very small gear to fit on it. I would think that if I wanted the size of the gear to be, say, 1/2 the length of the rack in circumference, then the gear would have 1/2 the number of spurs but with the same length and height as the teeth on the rack, but I don' know for sure. I mean you can't just have different sizes and have the gear with the same number of teeth on each gear could you? At some point it seems like it wouldn't fit.