insane_alien

see, elegance is a subjective property. i agree with sisyphus, it is elegant it is both simple, functional, correct and the rest of mathematics stems from it. all others would not exist if it were not for that equation.

well, there are certain little tricks you can use when dealing with logarithms that really cuts down on the size of 2^10^22. such as ln(x^y) =y*ln(x) where we can simplify to (10^22)*ln(2) then multiply by 1.4*10^-23 so we get 1.4*10^(-1) * ln(2) which equals 0.14*ln(2) plug that into a calculator and you have your answer.

that would. assuming the last term is ln(2^10^22). wait, n/m my calculator is messing up on it. gave me three different values. okay, one quick hand calculation(done in crayon on my wall ) shows its 0.097J/K This is why machines will never trump humans, the inability to do entropy calculations with a quick scribble on the wall .

that would give 2.135*10^-21 J/K i misread the opening OP. use of brackets would make this a lot more readable.

well then where dit the first calculation come from? boltzman constant is 1.4*10^-23 J/K. a much more manageable number this gives S = ln(2) * 1.4*10^-23 which is 9.7*10-24 J/K

well, on a pocket calculator the short answer is, you don't. it will return '0' if it doesn't give you an error. on a computer you may be able to find a program that will give you an answer.

ah so microscopes, telescopes, TV/radio receivers, internet modems, electrical power distribution networks, MRI scanners etc. etc. are all clever tricks too then? they all rely on stuff that we cannot interpret with our senses and often deal with invisible stuff. we can detect them through machines, no trickery involved. if he was to pull a rabbit out of the light then there might be some trickery afoot but alas i see no rabbit in the photos. quit with the over obsessive nitpicking, even nasa will say that when they are showing you pictures from a UV sensor.

tRNA doesn't have Thymine, its the DNA group that has thymine. For the RNA group it has Uracil in its place. As for the function of these, they are just different bits of the genetic code.

using an acid will help remove it. doesn't need to be strong. using acetic acid(vinegar) will work or you could use citric acid which is less pungent. this will only work downstream of where you add it though. so it this for household plumbing or a seperate application?

could have been sent through tor which means that the information could be completely useless as it would only be the exit node.

well, i'm sure you have heard of einsteins equation E=mc^2 this is the perfect time to apply that equation(assuming negligible momentum in the system beforehand). E is the energy released when a mass, m, is annihilated. as 1kg of antimatter annihilates with 1kg of normal matter, we have 2kg that gets converted to light. the '2kg worth' just means the amount of light energy you'll get for converting 2kg of mass to energy. if i said it in joules it would be a very very large number. and also note that his doesn't mean that the light has a mass of 2kg.

perhaps the heatsink has come unseated? that can cause major problems for heat dissapation. killed my laptop but only cause the thing was rattling round in there and rerouted the powercircuit through, well everything.

yep, you've pretty much got it. though i think the water example has a major flaw in it. the water added also contains an equal concentration of H30 and OH ions so it will not have to reach equilibrium again. although, i suppose you could use it as an idealised example where you have a sample of water not at equilibrium added.

is there any chance it could be an expansion of the filter causing it to distort? it could explain how the tinfoil doesn't kick so much as it absorbs very little light. while a filter will absorb a lot of light, this could cause it to expand and structural stresses cause it to momentarily pop out of its normal shape displacing some air along with it. although the expanding air sounds equally plausible. just looking for a little debate and discussion here. when you do this experiment does it appear that the filter is bulging anywhere for a breif time?

yeah, the 4kilos left over would likely be vaporised. but it would still exist as matter.

if the notebook is shutting itself off that means internal temperatures are triggering the alarm where it shuts down before any permanent damage due to heat can take place. i'd suggest getting a cooling pad for doing intensive stuff.

you would be left with 4kg of matter and 2kg worth of photons.

Yep, thats about it. In the dissolving of salt adding more water will dilute the solution meaning the concentration of dissolved salt will decrease and more salt will dissolve but the new equilibrium will be achieved at the same concentration of salt in solution. yes, but remember the reaction going the otherway takes a water molecule and splits it. making the concentration go up. At equilibrium the concentration would be constant as both reactions proceed at the same rate. As with the salt solution, the equilibrium will happen at identical concentrations as before.

You do increase the number of molecules but the volume also increases but a proportional amount. The end result is that the concentration stays constant as opposed to when you dissolve a solid, for instance salt, in the solvent, water. Reaction rates depend on the concentration rather than the total number of molecules, so unless the concentration rises, the reaction rate will not. I know this is a tricky bit as i had problems getting it at first but once you understand it, it looks so obvious. So, if i've not explained anything very well please tell me and i'll have another go at it.

The total amount of a substance in solution is its concentration multiplied by the volume of solution. If volume increases and concentration stays the same then the total amount must also increase.

they are not dispersed in solution. the density doesn't change(except in extreme circumstances where you'd be using a different model anyway) therefore the concentration doesn't change. for the water dissociation the water just has the same concentration. so the concentration of H3O and OH are the same. but if you take into account the volume you have more H3Oand OH than before.

and why would esterification of ethanol relieve alcoholism? cut it's effect yes, but does not affect the underlying addiction. also, if you analyse wine you'll find it contains a lot of tartaric acid and citric acid yet the term 'wino' isn't applied to alcoholics for nothing. so, experimentally, we can see that the small amount of esterification that exists is absolutely useless at preventing alcoholism. What could prevent alcoholism is a drug that produces unplesant side effects when alcohol is present which will modify the behaviour of the alcoholic. That and support groups, because they actually work for a lot of people.

w00t finally got an award, even if i do have to share it with iNow.

well generally you don't. you measure the formation enthalpies of the reactants and products then take the difference of them. alternatively, if you have no choice you can use a bomb calorimeter.

well it does go as the magnesium oxidises albeit slowly. The reaction doesn't need to be able to happen for you to get a reaction enthalpy as energy is a conserved quantity. For example, you could heat the magnesium up to 1000*C and let the reaction proceed there and then cool the products back down to STP and you'd have an enthalpy change of -602kJ/mol. The only reasons standard reaction enthalpies are given at STP is for consistency. If they were all at temperature and pressure regimes where the reaction was possible then it would make multi reaction calculations more complex than they need to be.