Are the scales starting to stick out like a pineapple? If so, sorry to say this, put him a plastic bag and take it to the wall... it is called malawi bloat disease sometimes dropsy... no known reason for it, possibly viral.
However... more likey to be diet. Gold fish have a really screwed up digestive system. Food tends to get stuck from time to time and gases are produced as a result. Trapped wind if you will.
Thus the gas will end up making the gold fish float the other way up. It can pass. A bit of roughage might do. Stop the flake food and try micro pellets.
But if it is Malawi Bloat then it best to end it now. See a pet store to find out for sure first.