swansont

My experience has been different. When I was teaching we had several math majors fail once they got into the applications part of the curriculum because they couldn't grasp the concepts. Once it ceased to be "find an equation and plug numbers into it" they got lost. I also know some really smart mathematicians who can understand lots of concepts. I think you just need to meet a broader spectrum of scientists and mathematicians.

I don't see how this applies to the situation. Bernoulli's priciple is that a moving fluid exerts less pressure. Nothing specifically about spinning, and no direct application to a cloud of diffuse gas in a vacuum. It seems like it's diffusion, and nothing more.

The energy of a level depends on the charge and the radius, which is itself dependent on the charge. If you solve the equations (electrostatic force=centripetal force, angular momentum quantized) you find that the energy depends on the square of the charge of the nucleus. Twice the charge means four times the energy. Here is a derivation of the Bohr model energy equation.

It has been argued that a 'not-trivially-small' prime number gives a good survival chance so that predators would have a hard time getting a matching population growth to take advantage of the cicadas' appearance. The survival strategy is dubbed predator satiation aka "you can't eat us all." Oh, and there are 13-year cicadas as well. more and yet more

How does spinning lower the pressure?

I think that "cockroaches are very resistant to radiation" is a well-known fact. But that's not the same as saying you can't kill them with radiation. Graphing radiation "killing curves" (Q5) implies that the researcher actually killed some roaches.

That's the relevant part of the article. All they did was reshape the pulse. The effect is no different than the anomalous dispersion experiment that's been discussed eleswhere.

Can't? I don't accept that without evidence. Do you have any? As for the ants, many of the reasons why they would tend to survive have been discussed. Add to that: as the ants are small, they shed heat efficiently (large surfave/volume ratio), so any heating effects will be mitigated.

It does? When I look in a mirror, the left side of me is still on the left side.

To what are you referring?

The horizon is red (east at sunrise) for the same reason that the overhead is blue - Rayliegh scattering of the light, which is frequency-dependent. Blue scatters more.

No. You may be thinking of hydrogen masers, which use a microwave transition in the hydrogen. These are very good clocks in the short term, but they drift. The most precise clocks in the longer term are atomic fountain clocks.

No, nothing radioactive involved. The second is defined in terms of the hyperfine transition of the ground state, so you have to shine microwaves on them to get them to oscillate (9 192 631 770 Hz for an unperturbed atom)

That's one way, as has been explained. Accelerating charges is another (that's how e.g. radio waves are produced with an antenna, or x-rays by slamming electrons into a metal plate and rapidly stopping them). You also get photons by particle/antiparticle annihilation (mass converted to energy)

Actually the bulge of the earth and the corresponding reduction in the gravitational redshift is compensated by the time dilation due to the rotation speed. Clocks on the geoid all tick at the same rate.

That's a classical equation, and doesn't apply to photons. A photon's "kinetic" energy is [math]h\nu[/math]

Read this

This is worded a tad awkwardly, since the electromagnetic force and nuclear forces are distinct forces under the circumstances under which we are discussing. (The weak nuclear force does unify with the electromagneic force to become the electroweak force, but this happens at thermal energies above 100 GeV. The strong nuclear force has not yet been unified)

Yes, there will be a range, but for the same mass, the average speed will be the same. Temperature is related directly to kinetic energy.

No, these temperatures were achieved in Bose-Einstein condensation experiments, which use laser cooling in a magneto-optic trap or optical molasses, followed by evaporative cooling in a magnetic trap. No cryogenics.

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