swansont

That wasn’t one, so...

You made an assertion without backing it up, so thou doth protest too much, methinks.

No, we know Coulomb’s law works. If you contradict known, confirmed physics (and you have), you’re finished.

What about a proton and a positron? Same mass relationship, but a repulsive force. But electrons do more than "not get close to each other" - they actively repel, with the same force as exists between two protons. The electrons are pulled with the electrostatic force. Deuterium doesn't have twice the attractive force on an electron owing to the extra neutron. The effect is small, owing the different reduced mass of the system, which shifts the energies a small fraction of a percent - not anywhere close to a factor of 2.

There's no need. The Egyptians didn't make it in a lab. You can find slate in lots of places.

No, they are not. Different department in universities; often called out as distinct from science in their organization. (look at how many have "college of science and engineering" or separate colleges altogether) Different approach to solving problems.

I provided the calculations. Even if you tapped in to the whole decay chain there is a tiny amount of power. If it's just radon, it's far, far less. (Plus that much radon would likely kill everyone.) I seriously doubt that.

No, they're different by a factor of about 3 An interesting question might be whether they had similar values at some time in the past. With less expansion I would expect the difference between (age)*(speed of light) and Rs is smaller.

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The calculation looks fine. It's the radius of the observable universe that's wrong.

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The part where it's powered by radioactive decay has already been dismantled.

IOW, you are in a steady-state condition. The gradient causes flow, it is not preserved by it. I seriously doubt that. Which is what I expect will happen if you tried this. So the pressure will equilibrate much faster than any flow you are expecting.

And why won’t the pressure just equalize? Once it has propagated, the whole tube is at pressure. You’re all done. How big of a gradient are you expecting? How fast does the pressure differential propagate?

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Quite often the decays will strip electrons (shake-off electrons) as the charged particle is emitted/ejected. In alpha and beta decays. “The charge distributions of several alpha emitters were studied29-33 and they varied from -1 to +10 in the absence of internal conversion. Approximately 90% of the recoiling atoms carried zero or +1 charge and the mean charge was less than 1” https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/4262551 So at least 1 shake-off electron, and often 2 or 3. Sometimes more.

No, this does not follow. Why wouldn’t the pressure just go up? (also you seen to assume instantaneous freezing and melting, and that it would happen along the direction of the pipe, and not in the radial direction, from outside in. The thing is, some distance away, you are melting ice and having a corresponding collapse of 240 m of ice into 222 m of liquid water, which means there could just be a certain pressure increase, which remains static, and the system is in steady-state. No motion relative to the ground. I’m not seeing a net impulse exerted to the water.

Thanks Why do you think the water will flow, when it’s in a closed loop blocked at both ends?

How do you calculate this result?

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Then space is being added between you and it. Independent of any motion of the object. Here’s a better explanation https://www.scienceforums.net/topic/123997-expansioninflation-and-the-separation-velocity/?tab=comments#comment-1164053

Are you used to following rules? I linked to them already

Its local speed is less than c

How much cycles will you get per night? Now, imagine running a heat engine at a higher temperature (i.e. at 373K instead of 273), and using the same heat sink. What happens to the efficiency?