Mike T

Tycho quote If electromagnetic forces were the only ones at play there would be no atoms- they would have already collapsed/exploded. Its other forces which allow atoms to actually stay together. reply What forces? The composition of the hydrogen atom involves the EM forces only. IMO, there are no others. Mike T

CAUSE OF CMBR The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is portrayed as the clincher evidence to prove the credibility of the Big Bang Universe. The CMBR is portrayed as a perfect black body radiation curve. However, here I will provide a hypothesis that refutes the link between the CMBR and the BB. On page 266 of the Michael Zeilik book entitled ASTRONOMY, The Evolving Universe, sixth edition, is an illustration (figure 13.6) of the solar radiation curve as viewed outside our atmosphere in comparison to a black body radiation curve. I tried to locate a website with this illustration but cannot find one. Some others may have more luck. Notice that at the peak temperature of the Sun’s curve, it extends above the BBRC by a certain amount and has a steeper incline on the high temperature side. I believe this enhancement is the result of ‘plasma radiation’ in addition to the atomic hydrogen radiation which conforms to the BBRC. The Bohr atomic explanation of the hydrogen spectrum tells us how the photon pulses are generated and radiated. The transition of the electron from an outside orbit to an inner orbit is shown as the cause of the photon radiation emission. I believe these electron transitions trace out a black body photon pulse in all the various electron transitions. The addition of all these pulse energies then trace out the BBRC. Only electron transitions in closed orbits radiate the BBRC. The reason for this is that the electron velocity increases as it moves from the outer orbit to the inner orbit. At the same time, its orbital trajectory is being reduced from the larger outer orbit to the smaller inner orbit. The lead portion of these black body pulses is the lower energy portion of the pulse and then ends at the high energy portion of the pulse. This is just opposite to the way they are shown in the physics books. Electron radiations in a plasma would radiate from a ‘hyperbolic orbital’ passage where the electron velocity is too high for capture into a closed orbit. These photon pulses would trace out a ‘sign wave’ pulse rather than a BBRC pulse due to the variation of the electron’s velocity that does not come from a closed transitional orbit but just an open passage of the electron by the nucleus. . These sign wave pulses then integrate at the high end of the BBRC to increase the BBRC’s peak to depart from the normal BBRC pulse as the illustration in the book shows. Since the recombination period in the BB’s early history that also brought about the decoupling of the matter and energy, the supposed cause of the current CMBR, the transition from a plasma to matter would include a mix of some plasma radiation with the newly formed matter radiation. Therefore, for the reasons given above, the current CMBR cannot be a remnant of the BB because it would not be a perfect BBRC as it is being attributed. The current CMBR must then be the result of the particles in interstellar and intergalactic space that result from space dust and molecular particles where their radiations are the result of electron transitions within these particles. This would explain why the CMBR is a perfect BBRC. Also, the predicted temperatures by Gamow et al (1948) of the CMBR of 5K and later revised to 10K were more inaccurate then McKellars (1941) interstellar observed radiation of 2.3K. Considering that our interstellar space with this prediction is colder than the CMBR intergalactic space temperature of 2.73K, I would say this should be an example of colder radiations in space contributing to an average of 2.73K. The Second Law of Thermodynamics says that heat will always flow from ‘hot to cold’ to equalize the temperature in a closed system. These space particles are then contributing to create an equalized temperature in space. This would be the CMBR. History of the 2.7 K Temperature Prior to Penzias and Wilson, http://www.dfi.uem.br/~macedane/history_of_2.7k.html The only logical explanation for the CMBR is that it is a ‘Thermal Equalibrium’ temperature in a Steady State Universe. Mike T

Swanson See my new post on the CMBR. Mike T

reply Are you telling me that the electron and the proton do not have magnetic fields surrounding them? This is nonsense. Whenever the electron moves, it generates a magnetic field. This is also true of the proton. However, I believe the proton has 'synchronous spin' that is generated by the electrons motion around the proton. This spin also generates a MF. The two fields have the fields circulating in the same direction (between the particles) to repel each other. This contributes an added repulsion to the electrons 'linear momentum' to stabilize the HA in the ground state, IMHO. Mike T

gagsrcool quote Nice theory, Mike T. Interesting one. But can you explain the phenomenon of gravity without general relativity? Reply The gravitational constant existed before GR. GR deals with ‘space curvature’ and makes tiny tweaks or corrections that I say are not necessary with a ‘flat space concept’. Einstein himself admitted that he made a mistake with his introduction of ‘Lambda’ to counter the effects of a gravitational collapse. He was wrong here also because gravity is neutralized by ‘linear momentum’ which prevents gravitational collapse. It just so happens that matter is structured that way. Even the extremely strong coulomb force cannot collapse the hydrogen atom because of the interaction between the magnetic fields that prevent this. Xyph quote (MT wrote) It compliers with all the problems the current ‘big bang universe’ does not explain like the Michelson-Morley interferometer experiment that refutes the existence of a spatial ether as a carrier of the light waves. Xyph quote That ceased to be a problem a long time ago. Reply Explain? MT wrote: The matter content itself, does not because it complies to the 'Laws of Conservation of Matter and Energy’. It would also comply with the other conservation laws. X quote I'm quite certain that there is no such law. Energy (or it's equivalent in matter) is conserved, but matter itself is not. Energy can produce matter, and vice versa. reply My definition of matter and energy is that matter ‘always existed’ as the law states. Energy is an effect of the intrinsic forces within that create all motions. My opinion is the energy cannot create matter but just an effect.. Your quote is made by the Big Bang idea of creation out of nothing which the BB promotes. MT wrote: There is sufficient matter content to prevent the loss of heat energy at its edges. X quote That's silly. Unless you have a shell of some form of 100% reflective exotic matter - or matter at the edges of the universe has some utterly bizarre gravitational properties that bends all outgoing light through acute angles back into the material universe - radiation will gradually leak outwards and the universe will eventually become a cold, energetic wasteland. In any case, what further experiments do you suggest to verify your (somewhat unlikely, it seems) hypothesis? reply As I have said, space is infinite but the matter content is limited to a calculated size. But regardless of the size, the photons at the border would continue to expand to infinite lengths and oblivion and return to the electric field as components in a tranquil state. The ending of these photons are always being replaced with ‘new photons’ created in the new star formations. This is an ongoing everlasting process of a SSU. (See my post on the EoLW’s) Mike T

EVIDENCE FOR THE EXPANSION OF THE LIGHT WAVES The ‘expansion of the light waves has real evidence for its support. Examples: The magnetic field patterns where the central portion is expanded by an ‘intrinsic force’ between the poles (similar monopoles?). This is also true of the electric field between its charges (by similar virtual charges mutual repulsion). The electric motor makes use of these intrinsic forces within the EM fields to generate the power for its use. The photons are primarily a compressed congregate of 'negatively charged virtual particles' that result from the magnetic pulses of radiation by the electron transitions. These magnetic pulses are directional and at maximum when the observer is perpendicular to the electrons linear movements and in line with the electrons plane of movement. The electric fields surrounding the electrons are the carriers that transmit the photons. The photon energy (momentum) uses this field for its transmission by the mutual repulsion between these virtual particles. In a tranquil state, they disperse themselves equally around the electron and throughout the surrounding area and the spaces widen as the distances of the field increase from the electron. The photon congregate pushes against the particles in front to transmit their momentum through this field as a line of dominos transfer their falls through the aligned dominos. Naturally, this photon energy is transmitted at the velocity of light. The Arp redshift anomalies show that these RS’s are temperature related and therefore intrinsic to the emitting objects and their radiating.temperatures. Quasars radiate at much higher temperatures than the nearby galaxies. The intrinsic forces in these higher energy photons cause a greater expansion per unit distance. That is why they have higher redshifts at the same distance than the adjacent galaxies. It takes billions of years for these photons to increase their wavelengths. My estimate is a length of about 5 billion light years for a photon to increase by one wavelength. This expansion would also gradually decrease as the photons widen. However, this decreasing expansion would be very small The BB space expansion concept cannot expand the light pulses because they are not the transmitters of these pulses. The Michelson- Morley interferometer experiment has refuted the idea of a spatial ether. Mike T

MY VERSION OF A SSU It is infinitely old. There was no beginning or end. However, the formed structures like galaxies, stars and photons, go through a recycling process. The matter content itself, does not because it complies to the 'Laws of Conservation of Matter and Energy’. It would also comply with the other conservation laws. It compliers with all the problems the current ‘big bang universe’ does not explain like the Michelson-Morley interferometer experiment that refutes the existence of a spatial ether as a carrier of the light waves. It portrays space is flat. No expansion or contraction. Hence no need for General Relativity. The redshift of the current galactic observations is the product of the light waves expanding. This also complies with the Halton Arp redshift anomaly that the BB’ers refute. The CMBR is the product of a state of 'thermal equilibrium’ of all the radiations and interstellar particle radiations. It complies to the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics that states that all closed systems will redistribute their heat from the hot to the cold areas until a uniform temperature is reached. Although space is infinite, the matter content is finite. There is sufficient matter content to prevent the loss of heat energy at its edges. This, then is a closed system. Any comments? Mike T