spookyjeff

You seem to be including something you aren't supposed to. Remember only aqueous species are included in equilibrium quotients.

A lot of carcinogens. I did a little bit of undergraduate research and we had a base bath that was pretty much a cancer tank. Not something you want to fish glassware out of :S

The urea of the urine has the highest nitrogen content and is an excellent fertilizer by itself. If you try this method I'd start off with low concentrations and go from there. I don't know any methods of extracting urea though I'm sure with some searching you'll find a method.

Now, correct me if I'm wrong, but you're asking if you can tell which part of a battery is the cathode and which is the anode before testing it? Generally you can by looking at the material that makes up each "side." A battery is made through an electrochemical reaction. This reaction has two parts: reduction and oxidation. The reduction part occurs at the cathode while the oxidation part occurs at the anode. You can tell which is which by comparing the materials and seeing which one is likely to be reduced and which is likely to be oxidized.

Perhaps a derivative of animal urine?

Also it doesn't matter how heavy something is, if its "indestructible" that just means you can throw it harder before it breaks apart. Something like that would be an ideal projectile and casing for a rail or Gauss gun like weapon.

You can't really tell from the periodic table. You need to look at the activity series for metals. A metal will react with a Bronsted-Lowry Acid if the metal is more active than Hydrogen but won't proceed if the metal is lower. Your experiment was a fairly good one because it contained Zinc (A fairly reactive metal) and Copper (A relatively nonreactive one). This is for metals. Nonmetals are a bit trickier and it all depends on the conditions and what acid is being used as usually something more complicated than a single replacement is taking place.

I'm new here as well! I'm a first year Chemistry major.