FooFiFum

I believe Blach Holes are rather like onions. For instance, they can not possibly include an infinite singularity which would require they reach a Planck Density first. Plank density excludes gravitational force, but black holes accumulate mass and gravity. Accordingly, not one of them has ever achieved Planck Density, let alone an infinite singularity. What they DO achieve is mass acceleration as mass moves towards the center of the BH. This acceleration has three parameters. First, mass acceleration can approach. but never achieve c. Second, mass and asociated gravity increases as mass approaches c. Third, time, as calculated by an external observer approaches zero for all mass accelerating towards the BH. Sort of like converting acceleration to both mass and time dilation. So, how do we account for ever increasing event horizon diameters? I believe there is nothing special about the event horizon. It is simply the onion layer at which light achieves either orbit or adds thermal energy to the BH mass. Because light CAN travel at c, it CAN pass all the mass that is accelerating towards the center. I have NO idea how the various outer shells of added mass might appear to increase their distance from the center as the event horizon for light expands. Just meandering ponderings....

insane_alien - Re gravitational waves Supernova rapidly convert rather large amounts of mass into energy. Accordingly, the gravity of said supernova would suddenly reduce accordingly. Are these the sort of gravitational waves you are looking for?

TO LEPTON - You wrote: "According to theory, the universe has been ever expanding since the Big Bang. Is the force from that initial event the only cause of the expansion of our universe?" ANSWER: No. The Universe has recently been observed to be expanding faster and faster, not slowing down as once believed. No one knows why and just use the term 'dark energy'. "Also, if that happens to be true. Would the force of gravity slow the universe's expansion to a point where it stops all-together?" ANSWER: The point is now moot since the universe is expanding faster and faster, not slower and slower as once believed. However, even when it was believed the universe was slowing down from the force of gravity, the unanswered question was whether it was slowing down enough to reverse direction. It is not an issue any longer. "since gravity affects matter in an infinite distance in all directions, would it not be true that the universe would begin to contract?" ANSWER: Gravity does not affect matter at infinite distances or instantaneously. It is limited in both distance and effect by the speed of light. For instance, nuclear fission reduces the mass and gravitational force of the core matterial. The reduced gravity is not instantaneously felt by solars systems many light years away. The reduced gravity effect travels at the speed of light. "Lastly, because gravity would be the only force affecting all the galaxies, would they over time condense into an infintesimally small and dense black hole, recreating the initial conditions for the Big Bang?" ANSWER: The universe is expanding faster and faster, not slower and slower. We don't know why. But clearly, gravity is not the only force acting on the galaxies. At least for now, there is no possibility of a big crunch. I believe this could change, however, if 'dark energy' is just another instance of temporary 'inflation'.

Quasars are television sets sold in, I believe, the 1960's.

I believe gold is measured in Troy Ounces. Silver, however, might be measured in Veronica ounces. I don't know. Where or where is my second Pint....is that Imperial, or colonial? Then there is fuel economy. In the US we use miles per gallon. These gallons were always much larger in Canada, I think, until they converted to the bio-metric system. Continental Europe measures how many kilometers you can travel on one liter of fuel. Now THATS one hell of a conversion. In the US CocaCola comes in two liter bottles, 16 ounce bottles, and nostalgia 6 1/2 Columbian ounces. These are no longer bottled at thermonuclear pressures. I am old enough to know actual individuals who were wounded by actual exploding coke bottles, even though said bottles were as optically thick as coke bottles. Maybe one more 12 ounce beer will make things clear ounce again. Merged post follows: Consecutive posts mergedAnd why are Grham Crackers delivered in 12 ounce boxes? At one time I was involved in a study of metric conversion in the US and found Samuel Cabot sold paint in four liter containers. I contacted the can manufacturer and asked about these four liter cans. The spokesperson told me they had NEVER sold four liter buckets. However, Samuel Cabot had, inexplicably, ordered 1.06 gallon cans.

TRIAL LAWYERS AND TELEPORTATION - Whatever teleportation possibilities might be, don't EVER do this at home! 1) The 'you' that is the result of teleportation will not know it, but he is a copy and you are dead. The death cirtificate should read "Death by sub-atomic dissasembly". 2) However, a lawyer defending the person charged with your murder will call the copy as a wittness for the defense. 3) But your heirs could sue in Probate Court in accordance with your last will and testimony, and, perhaps, to recover your remains as well. In the form of the copy who is protesting all the while he is you and you are not dead.

This is a very interesting topic! Here is my understanding of the matter that I submit for correction. 1) The entire electromagnetic spectrum is composed of photons of vastly differing energies that correspond with wave length. 2) All photons travel at the same speed. That seems to rule out the possibility the photon itself has any lenth at all, no mater what the wave length, otherwise a long wave length photon would take longer to pass by us then a short one, even though the entire thing was traveling at c. 3) So, what we call wave length is simply the distance a photon travels over the period of one cycle. Antennas being 'tuned' to simply resonate in sympathy in both transmission and reception.

Whats the difference.... I have two examples where it is used most often. 1) The very early universe consisted of Pure Energy. 2) Matter and anti-matter anihilate each other into Pure Energy.