John Cuthber

They plan to. https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/kilogram-silicon-spheres-and-international-avogadro-project

That's why a chose lead as an example. You can get nearly pure 208Pb by isolating lead from thorium minerals. You can compare it to lead from other sources and show that there are differences. Getting other pure isotopes is tricky. You can get monoisotopic mercury by neutron irradiation of (naturally single isotope) gold.

The atomic masses were determined (often to quite high accuracy) well before there were any mass spectrometers. For example, you can take a gram of hydrogen(mixed with nitrogen r something else that won't react), and pass it over hot copper oxide. The hydrogen will be oxidised to water. You can trap that water by passing the gas over phosphorus pentoxide. And you can weigh the water. You will get 9 grams of water and so you know that the mass of oxygen that combines with 1 gram of hydrogen is 8 grams . It gets a bit more complicated when you try to decide if water is HO H2O HO2 or what, but it was pretty much all worked out by classical chemistry.

Or with a questionable definition of "chemistry"... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_spectrometry It is possible to observe isotope mass effects with chemistry. According to this data https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_lead you can get samples of lead that have between 51 and 56 % 208Pb That would be a big enough range to detect if you measured the molar mass by classical wet chemistry.

It is impossible to know, because we don't know what material is in the pool which is making it alkaline. Take a small amount of water out of the pool- say 550 ml Slowly add acid, mix thoroughly and keep measuring the pH until you get to pH 7. Then you need to add about 10,000 times as much acid to the pool. It might be easier to work with a diluted solution of the acid- say diluted 1 in 100, then you need to add 100 times as much acid to the pool as you add diluted aid to the 550 ml of pool water. However that still might not work. The walls of the pool will have things like cement present and that will dissolve (very slightly) in the water + raise the pH. So you might have to repeat the measurement + addition of acid.

Interesting. I wonder what the overlap is between people who believe we get regular visits from aliens and people who think that the appropriate response to "Discussion must be able to proceed without watching videos." is " "Youtube has the video posted."? Quantumn, do you actually have any evidence? If so, please post it here.

Does this clarify things? https://www.spectator.co.uk/2018/02/the-nhss-internal-market-is-an-expensive-catastrophe/

Essentially, washing up is unreliable and time consuming. The economics are such that, even in an analytical chem lab (where patient safety isn't an issue) it's cheaper to use disposable bits and pieces , and it has been for decades. So the kit which is designed to be used in hospitals is designed to be used with disposable stuff. Trying to use reusaeable stuff would be the "inneficiet" way to do it, because that's not how the system is set up. I suspect that adding a political dogma induced layer of "internal market" may have made more difference to the costs- and not in a good way.

Nobody had claimed that anyone had made that claim here. It is a claim made by Right wing governments. So your "strawman" call is... well...erm... a strawman. Could you show us examples of those laws please? I haven't seen much evidence of corruption in the NHS (the pharmaceutical industry is another matter). Waste is almost inevitable in any large organisation. but it may be outweighed by economies of scale. The cost of sterilising a pair of forceps is irrelevant if you have a doctor being paid £100 an hour kept waiting because the autoclave hasn't cooled yet. Disposables are cheap (but environmentally unfriendly)

Because you will make something that smells of moonshine

Right wing govt policy has forced the NHS to disband much of its own IT provision and to buy services in from outside. The claim is that "private sector work is more efficient". But in fact it means the the NHS gets IT provision from companies with the same business model as Carilion. The long standing joke is that PFI means "profits for industry"; it's just a mechanism for moving taxpayer money to big companies.

The cost is roughly in line with other similar systems (and about half the cost of the US healthcare system)

What do you want the tincture for? Have you considered how much water is in the leaves? Did you do a "trial run" experiment on a small scale?

I can wait...

True, but dull. OK, for the benefit of the OP, imagine I'm lying on a bed which is mounted on an axle perpendicular to my "height"- the line between my head + my feet. We know my mass is 70 Kg and I'm 170 cm high. I can shuffle up + down the bed until I'm balanced with (for example) my arms by my sides. And if I raise my arm above my head I make that end of the bed heavier so the bed tilts. And I guess we can put a mass on the other end of the bed to bring it back to balance. Or, I could stick my arm out to the side and so on... If I'm prepared to do silly exercises like this how do we answer the OP's question?

I think you can describe all those as non sequiturs. There is an implication of "because you won't pay the ransom, the hostage will die". But the death doesn't follow from non-payment. It follow from the bad guy being a bad guy. Similarly, "Because of what the Democrats did, we are taking actions against Immigrants" Nope, they are doing it because they want to and would do it whatever the Democrats had done.. The case of Assange is more complex- it essentially depends on who you believe. The facts are not known so it's probably not a good choice to use in a discussion of logic.

Lying.

To be fair, a proof that an hypothesis is wrong might easily be just some arithmetic. I very much doubt that this thread is going to do that.

It's not clear to me what you are doing. Do you mean something like the effect shown at about 9:20 in this video, but with the wire coil formed into a torus?

OK, so human turns over something like 40 Kg of ATP a day (no, that's not a typing error) https://www.quora.com/Why-do-humans-synthesis-around-70kg-of-ATP-each-day-does-this-molecule-break-down-quickly-or-something And I can buy 25 g for £404 (about $540). So, nearly a million dollars a day. Sticking an oak tree up your nose is beginning to look sensible.

Have you seen the price of ATP?

My understanding is that curly hair is oval in cross section and straight hair is round. It's not clear how cutting the ends off would affect this much.

As far as I can tell, that's the experiment you would do to determine the mass, and balance point of an arm... after you remove it from the body.

One simple approach is that the food we eat is combined with oxygen to produce energy. The plants get energy from the Sun + make oxygen and "food". We get through something like 2400 Calories a day. That's roughly 100 Watts. So the plants need to get at least 100 Watts to be able to provide us with O2 (and, coincidentally, food). The Sun provides something like 1000 Watts per square metre so, it looks like you need to stuff a tenth of a square meter of "plant filled solar panel" up your nose to provide the energy and O2. But, for a start the reaction's nothing like 100% efficient. " results in an overall photosynthetic efficiency of 3 to 6% of total solar radiation" from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency Call it 5% efficient- you now need two square meters- that's pretty big unbrella. And most of us spend most of our time indoors where the light levels are much lower. That's another factor of 10 or 100. And then there's night- time which, at best, halves the energy you can get. So, you can see why (as pointed out before) you need roughly a tree's worth of greenery to supply you with oxygen. Good luck sticking it up your nose.

He said N Korea was bad and he said N Korea was good. It's likely that one of those is right.