John Cuthber

Yep. But you didn't say you were using fluorine; you said AlF3.

Nitrogen and oxygen are pretty close to ideal at the sort of pressures you get in car tyres; the differences from ideal would be small. The difference between their departures from ideality are even smaller. Unless there's liquid water in the tyre, the vapour pressure of water is irrelevant. If there is liquid water in the tyre someone has screwed up so badly that the point is moot. I suspect that oxygen diffuses through rubber a bit faster than nitrogen does. So you may need to re inflate your tyres more often if you use air. I doubt the effect is as big as doubling the re-inflation frequency. If it did then you would need to compare the cost of two air fillings vs 1 nitrogen filling. In my (very limited) experience air is free and nitrogen is charged for. I guess it comes down to the value you put on your time. The extent to which this makes a difference is questionable. Tyres have a "correct" pressure, but altering the vehicle loading will change the actual pressure. Does GM run a garage franchise? Do those garages sell nitrogen?

Did it occur to you that I may have been doing that because you specified > 1,290 °C (2,350 °F; 1,560 K) environment ?

I understand that it was Ezra Solomon who first said that the purpose of economic forecasting is to make astrology look respectable. https://www.ft.com/content/abd15744-9793-11e2-b7ef-00144feabdc0

Which company? Reduction of what? The page I cited showed reductions of strength of the order of 50 fold Still going to be interesting given the difference in expansion coefficients.Also potentially interesting if the carbon migrates into the metal.

It also depends what you are using it for.

Do you mean this stuff? http://haynesintl.com/docs/default-source/pdfs/new-alloy-brochures/high-temperature-alloys/brochures/214-brochure.pdf?sfvrsn=8 Because, as far as I can tell, it doesn't meet the criteria you specified of 125KSI at anywhere like 1290 C. It falls below 125KSI at some temperature below 600C It doesn't seem to have any reported properties above 1204C And your specification is with 100C of the melting range (1355-1400C). Wrapping it in graphite might be interesting.

The kids who don't grow out of asking "yes, but why?" become scientists.

In addition to the point already made about ideal gas behaviour, I rather suspect that much of the pressure variation is due to changes in the elasticity of the rubber with temperature. (Obviously the weight of the vehicle will also affect it. Unless you check the tyre pressure every time you add goods or passengers to the car...

There's also a possibility of the flip side of this; aliens who can get into space relatively easily. They would have a problem retaining light gases in their atmos[here.

I love the way that someone thought that helped. Anyway, Popcornlover, what do you know about calcium oxide?

Well done for spotting evidence of Skitt's law. Now, can you supply evidence for your assertions?

The available evidence improved... Over to you.

I never said it was a reason to ignore history. I made the point that it isn't just the Holocaust, people forget all sorts of things that we "should" remember.

I suspect the world pays attention to poison gas attacks when the world wants to distract attention from thing happening at home. There have been dozens of attacks. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_of_chemical_weapons_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War#Reported_chemical_weapons_attacks The "West" only seems to react to some of them.

What are you talking about?

Coupling the energy into an electrical form would be tricky (though possible). This energy change is used - in a way- as a heat storage system https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_sulfate#Thermal_storage https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_energy_storage It's possible to set up an electrical cell where the difference between the two electrodes is only the concentration of one material so you could have, for example a cell with dilute copper sulphate on one side and concentrated copper sulphate on the other (and copper metal electrodes). If you could use low grade heat and cold to crystallise the salt out of solution you could get some sort of heat powered battery. I doubt it would be very efficient, but there may be some use for it somewhere.

Science didn't kill the elephant birds in medieval Madagascar. Science is what shows you why Eugenics is a bad thing - the term "biodiversity" was coined by scientists. If the term "Anthropocene" ever makes it into science then it will still be wise to recognise that the problems were cause as much by politics as by science and that, where solutions are found, they are based in science. The biggest single driver to the changes that characterise the epoch are due to the increasing population of a particular species (ours). The only paths that are sensible going to reduce that growth are founded in science. It's going o be a short discussion.

Without looking it up, how many of you can tell me roughly what fraction of the population of Cambodia died as a result of the policies of Pol Pot? (That was between 1976 and 1979- so a lot more recent than WWII)

Guys, I may be mistaken, but I think there's a post limit of something like 5 a day for newbies and so he's not well placed to answer these questions yet. Give him a chance and we may yet see what he's hoping to do, what units we like and whether or not all his array of "hundreds of alloys/heat treats that exceed 125,000 PSI yield" are actually all variations on a thing called steel.

If you define ESP as "something that's no use and too small an effect to measure" then we can't show that it doesn't exist- obviously. Here's the interesting question to consider: If there is no way- even in principle- of detecting a thing, does that thing exist? ESP dude picks up rock, comments on the original owner to the guys round him about the history of the rock. Gets worshipped as a "wise man" or chief. Or even "Example, ESP dude picks up a stone carving and gets knowledge about person carving it. Not all that useful in daily survival imo. " Gets a major TV show in much the same way that Derren Brown, Uri Geller and others have done, because people think it's interesting. Now, the fact that Derren is open about using "tricks" and Uri is known to have cheated doesn't matter- they still made a lot of money. I have little doubt that being a good story teller has been recognised throughout human history(and pre-history) as a valuable trait. All this is, of course, a bit daft. It's already unlikely that we have some sort of "influence" that ESP uses to transmit information. It's even less plausible that that "influence"n exists and it can be stored in a rock. So, you have deliberately chosen an example which is even less credible than most of ESP and also not much use (though still potentially helpful). Now all you need to do is recognise that relatively small evolutionary advantages have succeeded in evolution, and you will see why the fact of evolution pretty much rules out ESP.

People don't.

Evolution generally acts on individuals, not society. Essentially you are claiming that a man (or woman) with ESP is no more likely to get children than a man without ESP. Now, while I agree with Swansont that "100% certainty is not what you get in science.", you sometimes get pretty close. It's nearly certain that ESP would help.

Mainly iron. Nobody said it was a requirement.

How many of them are not "steel"?