John Cuthber

No. But it doesn't matter if I am or not. If you define something in terms of something that isn't true, you have not actually defined it. Also, you seem to have missed the educational video. it covers "the right to keep and bear arms an individual right for the purposes of self defense" at about 2.5 to 5 minutes.

Today's "embedded systems" are more powerful than the "computers" I used at school when I learned computer science. I also think that, if you miss out the hardware side, you are not teaching computer science; you are teaching a software course.

OK, so you don't know what energy is. Why not look it up on Wiki or something, rather than posting nonsense here?

Thus far I have yet to see any evidence of that relationship.

So far, that is the only thing you have said that makes a lot of sense. Why not stick with it?

The "militia" is useless. Taking the guns away after people get shot is a bit too late (had you not noticed?) You love your "gun-toting liberty so much that you let it override your "not getting shot" liberty. It's not an argument for or against liberty- it's which one you choose. As I said, "Surely 20 kids shot day each day is crazy." "We love our liberty that much. " More than you love your children. Plainly crazy.

"The amendment says I can keep and bear arms."That's not all it says though, is it? The full passage is "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed" and the idea is that there's a casual relationship between the two clauses. But, that, in turn suggests that the reason for not restricting arms is to ensure that you have a well regulated militia. Since there is no well regulated militia, the justification is void. It's like saying , "since we have the right to defend ourselves from dodo attack, we need guns to do it." It is internally consistent, but it makes no sense once the dodo is extinct. And there's a couple of very simple answers to "Also, why should my rights be denied because of the actions of the actions of "criminals, crazies and suicidal's" Next week you might be one of the "criminals, crazies and suicidal's" and ​why should other people's right to live without fear of being shot be denied by your insistence on sticking to an outdated bit of legislation that no longer even fulfils it's own asserted purpose? Isn't sticking to that old mistaken belief "crazy"? Surely 20 kids shot day each day is crazy.

So, if you were sensible and used 10 ml of water and measured the temperature with a hundred year old thermometer like this one https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beckmann_thermometer which resolves to 0.001 C you could measure the effect to about 10% relative error in 8 seconds. You don't seem to understand how good modern science is and ,until you do, you have very little chance of coming up with any improvement.

"It would be to find out that as gases are drawn into the hydraulic cylinder if co2 would be attracted to an ionized solution." They would be attracted to a rock. Very slightly, by gravity. The effect would be too small to measure. " And with this, if an ionized solution could mimic co2's absorption spectrum or something close to it, then" No, condenses phase spectra are always different from gas phase ones.. Not that it would make any difference anyway.

Given the amount of UV in sunlight, imagine what would happen if UV was good at causing mutations in plants. If the offspring of those variegated plants are also striped, how will you know if it's a mutation or a viral effect?

Religion, like gut flora is an excellent example of a trait that is familial, but not strictly genetic. they both probably have cultural aspects too. So what? A fairly simple possible explanation of the Indian/ African origin of many of the world's religions is that India and Africa are the origin of a lot of the world's people. Again, so what?

Like stacks of other words in English, the word "ignorance" has more than one meaning. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homonym This "we do not allow soap-boxing (which is the continued indifference to / ignorance of any counter-arguments or comments)" is perfectly correct. Unfortunately it's likely to be misunderstood; something else that happens a lot in English.

" What is not known is if water vapor occurs, if any ions would be associated with it. " Well, it's not known to you but it is known to anyone who thinks about it. They know that a lot of water evaporates from the oceans, but that rain water isn't salty. They may even have heard of distillation. Perhaps they read about it on a page cited in a thread somewhere near here. Maybe a page like this http://humantouchofchemistry.com/does-distilled-water-conduct-electricity.htm " Still, would co2 or similar gas being cooled by the Joule-Thomson Effect be attracted to ions in water " Yes, it would be attracted- by gravity and also by the induced dipole effect. But the extent of the attraction would be far too small to measure. What are you trying to achieve here?

I rather suspect that I could buy "off the peg" a calorimeter that's accurate enough to measure the heat added to your system by the magnetic stirrer, but that you have not accounted for. That's the sort of system that lets you measure the 4.1855 KJ/Kg K which you need to use in your system.

It is simple, but not cheap.

It won't mimic anything because it relies on "positively charged water" that doesn't exist.

It seems you know as little about the two nuclear incidents as you do about basic physics. As far as I can see, this thread is now dead. Perhaps one of the mods will close it.

It's a scam. If you google that number you find it pretends to be the support number for google, Norton, hotmail Gmail etc. Normally they call you; https://www.shouldianswer.co.uk/phone-number/08002796226 you were unlucky to get their number .

Stop talking nonsense. The problem at Chernobyl was a known problem- the reactor was unstable if run at low power. In Japan an earthquake messed up essentially every system that was designed to stop the plant going into meltdown. They were human errors of judgement- the science was well enough understood that they could be avoided but people screwed up. Also, you are arguing against yourself (well, as I said, people screw up). Water conducts electricity- it does so even better if you let it dissolve CO2. And once you have a conductor, any charge present tends to leak away. So, if the water ever was charged. it wouldn't stay that way. It's particularly daft of you to berate scientists without actually learning the basics of science (but, as I said, people screw up).

OK, for a start, that web site and Fuzzwood's assertion are simply wrong. Pure water does conduct electricity- very badly. Most people have heard that "Pure water has a pH of 7" and that's pretty close to true (near room temperature anyway). And that means that in each litre of water there is about 1E-7 moles of hydrogen ions, and an identical number of hydroxide ions. Those ions can move under the influence of an electric field and, in doing so, they will carry a current. So water conducts. Near 20C the conductivity is about 18.4 E6 ohm cm. Copper, for example, has a conductivity of about 2E-8 ohm cm so it is about a hundred million million time s more conductive. So, Fullwood's statement is thus, pretty nearly correct, but not quite. But it's not the point. There's a world of difference between hydrogen ions having a positive charge- which they do, and water molecules having a positive charge- which they don't. Water has an ionisation potential of about 12 volts, so, to get water vapour to lose an electron and become positively charged you need to add 12 electron volts to each molecule. At room temperature molecules typically have an energy of about 0.025 eV So, to get up to the sorts of energy where the water loses an electron and becomes positively charged you need to heat it up to the point where they typical energies are about 12/0.025 (that's about 500) times higher than room temperature. That's somewhere like 140 thousand degrees C- that's a lot hotter than the surface of the sun. (and at that sort of temperature, the molecules fall apart anyway) And, even then you don't have a positively charged water molecule you have the H2O+ ion So, lets be absolutely clear about this. The water molecules do not have a positive charge. they never did; they never will.

What is the value of money? As far as I understand it most people (at least in urban populations) now work fewer hours to earn enough to pay for their food than they did, say, a hundred years ago.

No they would not. Until you can sort that out, there's no point to any further discussion.

In the opening post you said "But assume that the mirror and the standing wave sensor (SWD) are mounted on a common linear stage that can be moved relative to the laser source, so that the distance between the SWD and the mirror is always constant as the stage is moved relative to the laser. The question is: will the voltage at the SWD vary as the stage is moved relative to the laser, along the path of the light beam? The obvious answer is: NO. " And now you accept that with the very similar system of a shorted cable the phase (measured at some set distance from the short circuited end) changes when you vary the length of the feed cable because that phase it is measured wrt the source and obviously, if the distance to the source changes, then the phase will change. And if two signals are in phase they will add up to something that's not zero, while if they are (exactly) out of phase they will add up to zero, so the sum depends on the phase so the voltage measured at some point not at the short the voltage will depend on the phase and so it will depend on the length of the cable to the generator. Those two statements of yours can't both be right.

Interesting. When I was a student the medic students told me that the mark scheme was simple. 1 mark for the right answer zero marks for no reply and - 5 for a wrong answer. This was said to reflect the fact that , in medicine,if you don't know, and you guess, you can do a lot of damage. On the other hand, if you accept that you don't know, you can go an ask someone. Sounds reasonable to me.

Derailing it by adding stuff about the odd behaviour of some obscure bit of kit is more of a waste of time. However, if we keep on about that it's just going to upset the mods. Should we return to discussion of the OP's claims? If you feel that your comment "You can see for yourself what happens with a standard construction laser. Point the laser in some safe but convenient direction. Move a target along in the beam. The laser line will impact the target as a small disk of light. This diameter of this disk waxes and wanes as you move the target along in the beam. When using such as laser for levelling or alignment purposes you need to take this phenomenon into account." was helpful in term of moving the discussion along, please PM me to explain why.