If you are willing to redefine "time" to mean what you want, and not what is accepted, then certainly time dilation may not occur.
As far as I know there is no "definition" of what time "is." Time is a fundamental quantity we can measure. Whether it is a fourth dimension or some strange flow is totally irrelevant. We observe that what we measure changes depending on velocity and gravity. That's what matters.
We are limited in our understanding of phenomena by how we can measure them. Your question is similar to asking "what is space?" It's extraordinarily difficult to define, but it has certain characteristics we have observed and we can measure.