Genecks

But isn't a DNA molecule two strands, thus my answer is right? And since there is symmetry, only two possibilities exist for pairs (A-T and C-G). If it were only one side of the molecule, then I would see your point. However, it said "pairs." If it didn't say "pairs," then it would have said, "...10 nucleotides long." TA CG is... AT GC & TA GC is AT CG Because of the mirroring, there are only two possibilities.

Book problem: My solution: I was thinking that the base pair has to be either A-T or C-G. Thus, two pairs are possible. (1 of 2 possible) x (1 of 2 possible) ... 8 more times... = 2^10 = (1 of 2 possible: A-T or C-G)^10 Book solution: But I'm guessing the book has it as 4^10. My question: What am I not seeing?

Yeah, I don't know why we don't send a bunch of microorganisms to Mars as a backup plan. Personally, I like my little shed on Tharsis. We've sent equipment to the moon and to Mars, so let's just send the microbes already. Yes, it might interfere with the search for alternative life. However, it gives the ability for life to exist in case we blow ourselves up.

"God" made the universe. The universe came to be. Through the forces that be, man was made. Logically, God made man. If man were perfect, then man would be God, and there would really be no use for man. Thus, man is perfect within himself to serve his purpose... Perhaps it was all done to see if another God could eventually be precipitated via evolution. The more sophisticated you are, the closer you are to God. Be proud of yourself.

No, the thing would be actually synthesizing impractical to obtain microorganisms. I'm always for proof of principle, though. We can do it with viruses.

Well, wouldn't the idea of various knock-ins and KOs over several generations mean that the prokaryote being transmuted would have that cellular background and be a viable, living, working microorganism? The genes would code for things to be made. Those things then support the cell's ability to live and sustain life. And from there, continually add/delete genes until the desire phentoypic qualities are observed? Or would I be better off using a phylogenetic tree to see who the distant cousins are and then use them as model organisms of developmental transmutation? Why should the rRNA matter so much? I'm not too knowledgeable about bacterial genetics, though. Would the binding signals be different?

Here is something close I found out asking a bunch of people: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycoplasma_laboratorium I suspect it's related. Here is this, too: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1151721 Title: Complete Chemical Synthesis, Assembly, and Cloning of a Mycoplasma genitalium Genome Abstract part: This does not seem to fit what I'm looking for. However, it seems similar. I will say, however, that I think a large amount of knowledge about developmental microbiology might help accomplish the goal.

Is Google Wave like OpenVPN collaboration, or am I missing the point?

I believe I've used the TV-series "Transformers" as an example in this forum when trying to explain something.

I have looked and looked for a picture of the Borrelia burgdorferi (a prokaryote) chromosome, which supposedly is a linear chromosome. I have seen images of a plasmid in it, which I guess was linear. I have a microbiology book that says the microorganism has a linear chromosome, which surprises me. I'm guessing this is a unique bacterium in comparison to other bacteria. I've looked, and I'm guessing posting here might help. Asking the author to cough up the reference source is my last bet. - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_burgdorferi

Through various gene knock-in and knock-outs, could a microorganism, such as Eschericia coli, turn into another microorganism, such as Staphylococcus aureus?

What is with the need to "spread" reputation points? Because I wanted to rep the same person again... But it said to "spread" the love, so I rep'd someone else for a job well done. And then I went back to rep someone who helped me, and I couldn't rep that person again... Hmm... People within a community patting each other in a back. I suspect it's a critique on the communistic efforts here.

Alright, that's what I was thinking.

The article is sweet like maraschino cherries. Lamarckian evolution, for the win:

Ok... so... Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Protista But then again, some people don't want to put various protozoa in Protista, so they are considered excavata? Thus, they then have no kingdom? Why not use a kingdom? What's up with that? So, is the term "protozoa" out of date? And the term "protists" is out of date? So, do we still use the kingdom system under the domain system?

I'm reading about this thing called "Sonneborn's cytotaxis," which is also referred to Sonneborn cytotaxis. I have no clue what this is. I'm guessing it's someone's version of cytotaxis? An idea on how things go about moving in cells in terms of chemical and physical dynamics? Anyone have more information on this? Term used in this abstract: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050149 Title: The Mother Centriole Plays an Instructive Role in Defining Cell Geometry

1) Eubacteria 2) Arhaea 3) Eukaryotes 3.1) Protists 3.1.1) Protozoa Like so? I don't want to draw a tree...

I didn't know that was in effect. Ok, then. W/e to those that don't post in there.

It would appear that not a lot of people know it is there. I could not remember that it is there. Maybe making it more apparent would be a good idea?

Get to about 10% body fat and do a lot of upper-body workouts. That's my suggestion, but I'm not a medical doctor. Losing large amounts of body fat and doing years of strength training seems to make women lose the appearance of breasts, too. You can see this with many female bodybuilders. Some don't lose the appearance, and the others might have implants. I was researching the issue last year, and I came across some new research into the issue. It had to do with estrogen receptors in males and their activity being unusual. I can't remember too much, but I think weight loss helps reduce the condition. From what I was reading and the videos I was viewing, it seems like males with the condition are similar to women. It makes me wonder what kind of chromosome (autosomal vs. sex) the phenotypic characteristic is presented from.

It would be nice if there was a place to direct people who want to introduce themselves and say hi. I'm thinking maybe General Discussion. Possibly make a sub-board?

It it like this? 1. Eukaryote 2. Protist 3. Protozoa I cannot figure it out. I haven't ever really been able to figure it out. I've read the wiki article, but didn't grasp much. Maybe someone can drill this into my head?

What's the possibility that animals learned from each other? I mean, if I saw a crow bend something to get a worm... or perhaps a bird use a stick to stab at worms in a tree, then I suspect of decent intelligence that I might steal the bird's technique to get some grub myself. I think it's plausible to assume animals have taken skills from other animals. I don't know if animals were intelligent enough to grind things into stone tools, though. We continue to copy techniques to this day when studying regeneration and the such.

Welcome! What past experience in the sciences do you have? Any background in chemistry? Perhaps any experiment you have done? Even the simplest count!

If Joel has an exam, then he will study in the library. If the library is open, then he will study in the library. Joel has an exam. Is he going to study in the library? Hmm. I've been answering most as yes/no up to this point. You should say how many questions there are. I'm somewhat going to stop in about three if it does not end soon. Did not start/complete section II.