hypervalent_iodine

! Moderator Note ...Wow. You weren't happy that no one was responding to your thread, so you create a sock puppet account and talk to yourself? Do you really need SFN for that? Please also stop with the preaching and pushing your website.

! Moderator Note One thread per topic, please. Thread closed.

Oooh, be careful with that. All Arrhenius bases increase the pH, but not all things that increase the pH are Arrhenius bases. Arrhenius definitions for acids and bases are really only taught for historical purposes and to lead into Bronsted-Lowry definitions rather than for their modern day practicality.

Looks right to me. I'm not sure why it differs from the answer you mentioned it was supposed to be, however. My only suggestion is that it might be a typo on their part (or I'm an idiot and I missed something), so perhaps check with your teacher.

The question is asking you how much copper remains after the reaction is complete. So if you know how many moles of Cu you have (~7.9 moles) and you know how many of those moles actually reacted (~1.89 moles), then you should be able to answer the question.

That's right. Well sure, but you're finding out something different here. In this calculation, you're finding out the number of moles of Cu consumed in the reaction, whereas in the first one you were finding out the total number of moles of Cu are in the 500 g. So, with this information, can you think of what to do next?

The first one is correct (the second one isn't even balanced). You definitely need to go back and look at your concentrations. You've worked out the number of moles of nitric acid out fine, but you didn't work out the number of moles of copper metal. The copper metals is shown as Cu in the reaction, so you need to figure out how many moles there are in 500 g of Cu. Once you have that, you need to look at which of your starting materials is the limiting reagent. As a hint, in your case you need to recognise that for every 1 mole of Cu that reacts, you need 4 moles of HNO3. For instance, if you had 2 moles of Cu and 4 moles of HNO3, only 1 mole of the Cu would react.

Well, what were the ways you tried? The first step would be for you to write the reaction down and look at the stoicheometry. Were you able to figure that out?

Fantastic! I'm glad I could help. Also, the functional group you had is what's called an ester, which has a general formula of -COOR, where R is some alkyl group. The name of your compound, if you're interested, is methyl isobutyrate.

Trust me, this is not even close to what we were getting before the update.

! Moderator Note A-wal, Part of the rules of the Speculation forum is that you provide evidence to support your claims. If you can't do that, then this thread gets closed. You don't get to pick and chose who responds to you and you would certainly be wise not to tell someone they don't know what they're talking about without first showing that you do. This is going to be your final warning in this thread. You've been asked countless times to show the math. If you're struggling with it or with LaTex, we have tutorials on this site for the latter and you would be surprised just how helpful people will be if you genuinely would like help working out the fineries of the former. ! Moderator Note Furthermore, I’d like to make a small note regarding the section of your post that I’ve bolded. The only person who will get you banned is you. If you can't take criticism without becoming hostile, then I'm afraid you're not going to get very far with your endeavor, both here and within the scientific community as a whole

You can also get around this by hitting the little switch button on the top left of the edit panel to show the BBCode and then add quote tags, etc., as you would with the old software.

I do this a lot. I find it's much easier to do all of my cooking dishes as I've used them while I prepare dinner. This makes use of a lot of waiting time that is both too short to set to any other real task but long enough to become a pain. And yes, I also find it is much quicker and easier to clean a pan or what have you as soon as I'm done using it compared to a few hours after the fact (I also hate soaking things). Typically, the only dishes I have left when I'm finished eating are my plates, a cup and a knife and fork (and sometimes a spoon). I'm trying to think of other things I do in day to day life to increase efficiency, but I'm coming up blank. I used to have a lot of short cuts for specific jobs when I was in part time employment as a barista or as an office clerk, but none of those are particularly useful unless you happen to work in those areas.

For those of you who haven't noticed, the new software also autosaves your posts (see the bottom left of the text window); if you need to refresh the page or if something else happens along that line, it will keep your post saved for you (which I think is amazing).

The new software seems to have omitted part of the old window for adding a link to a post, specifically the bit that allowed you to type in a description for the link. Just doing a bit of testing, it seems this can be overcome by simply high lighting whatever word you want the link to appear as, clicking the add link button and inserting the URL.

I imagine this would depend very much on where you live and its usefulness would depend on what you want to use it for.

Ok, so I assume when you click into your warning log you see a list of what dates you received warning, how many points you got and who gave them to you? If you click on the more details button, you shouldn't see anything as all of the notes we have there currently are staff notes. There is an option when we create warnings to leave a note for the member as well, which probably won't be used terribly much as we tend to address the reason behind the warning as mod notes or via PM.

My opinion is that it would generally be a bad idea. For all the few members we have here who would use the feature to improve their posts, etc., there are significantly more who would use it to be vindictive and this is not something that we would like to see in the forums. I don't honestly think it would add enough benefit for members compared to all the drama it would cause. Perhaps Cap'n or other staff members have a different view on this, but that's my 2 cents. Edit: I also don't think that the added accountability would really change much. The people who complain the most are often the ones who really deserve the neg rep and the people who give out neg rep where the majority of others would disagree are often those that are sure enough of their position that accountability wouldn't change their actions.

It's a feature that's only available to staff, same as in the old system. As far as I know, it's staying as a staff-only feature.

Are you able to see how many warning points you have and are you able to click on that number at all? Oh dear. Just noticed my beloved Woodward has been replaced by a magical sloth. This needs to be ammended.

! Moderator Note alexras, I've removed your personal information from your OP. This is mostly for your own benefit as well as for a safety precaution for other members. Being that you are talking about cold fusion, I will have to move this thread to Speculations. As well, since this is a discussion forum, I would ask that you perhaps refocus your OP to discuss the science instead of just trying to advertise for support, or the thread will likely be closed. Please do not respond to this mod note in the thread. If you wish to raise your concerns about it with staff, you may use the report feature (yellow button on the bototm left of this post) or PM a member of staff.

Yes, so using the rule of 13, what is your molecular formula? Go back to your proton NMR and see if this makes sense. If you had a ketone group, where would the RC=OCH2R' or RC=OCH3 group occur? Do you see this in your proton or your carbon NMR? Excellent. So start building up your molecule. Your septet is some kind of CH group and it's next to 6 hydrogens. What kind of functional group(s) is your doublet? If it's next to one proton, which peak does that one proton occur at in your NMR? You can at least build up half of your compound from that information alone. Yes, 7 hydrogens from the carbon NMR, but what about the proton NMR? What does this tell you about the peaks in the carbon NMR? Nope. C8H18 has a molar mass of 114 g/mol. You're looking for something with a molar mass of 102 g/mol. If it were a plain old hydrocarbon with no other heteroatoms, then it would be C7H18. It's obviously not a simple hydrocarbon, so what would the formula be with 1 oxygen? What about 2? Do any of these make sense with your proton NMR, which suggests you have some multiple of 10 hydrogens?

I'll go through each of these one step at a time for you. Mass Spec You've identified the base peak fine, but the more important piece of information you have there is the molecular ion peak, which for your purposes we can assume is probaly the peak with m/z of 102. Because you're only dealing with a fairly simple molecule, you can take a guess at what the molecular formula might be by using the rule of 13. Given that you have some sort of carbonyl peak in your IR, it's safe to assume you have at least one oxygen in your molecule, so figuring out the formula should be fairly straight forward (especially since you also have the integration from your 1H NMR handy). Once you have that, you will want to work out your double bond equivalents, so you know how unsaturated your compound is. IR You need to look a bit more at how you've identified your carbonyl peak. If you look at your 1H NMR, you'll see that a carboxylic acid doesn't match the data you have. The tiny peaks >3000 cm-1 are not alkene peaks. This will be more apparent once you've worked out your molecular formula and your DBE. Most likely these peaks are noise or an echo from another functional group. You seem to have ignored the peaks just below 3000 cm-1, which though they aren't terribly interesting, may be worth a mention for the sake of completion. 1H NMR This is where you start building up an idea of the connectivity of your molecule. Have a look at each of your peaks and first identify what kind of functional groups they might be and what the splitting pattern tells you about their neighboring environment. So, what does it mean if a peak is split into a septet (note: not a heptet) or a doublet? 13C NMR Same as with 1H NMR, you will want to look at a correlation table and see what kinds of functional groups your peaks may correspond to. Typically a carbon NMR would be proton decoupled, which means you don't get the splitting pattern that your exercise sheet reports. Sometimes, though, it is useful to turn the coupling on and in these types of experiments, what you get is an idea of how many hydrogens are attached to each carbon. This is essentially the same idea as proton-proton coupling in your 1H NMR, in that a multiplicity of n will mean that the carbon is bonded to n-1 hydrogens. So, a quartet would correspond to a -CH3 group, a doublet to a -CH group and so on. If you add up the number of hydrogens you get by looking at the multiplicity in this NMR versus the number of hydrogens you get by looking at the integration of the proton NMR. These won't be equivalent, which should tell you or confirm something about your compound. Hope that's of some help.

One thread per topic, please.

! Moderator Note Mironabil1, Sadly, what you are asking for is against copyright laws. If you wish to download the article, you will need to do so by purchasing it or by having access to it through university / institution subscriptions. Thread closed.