hypervalent_iodine

Your sample being a solid shouldn't make the IR look like that. The issue with the >1500 cm-1 region is that this is where you would normally look for functional group peaks, and it's so broad and lumpy that you can't see anything. The fingerprint region isn't much better, which makes it a bit useless. Do you know what kind of IR you used? If your compound were a sugar, it would most likely be a solid, not a liquid. To me, your situation is such that I can't see how you're going to come to any sort of answer without some more analytical techniques. Your IR and UV are both inconclusive due to both data sets being of poor quality. You have what I would consider one definite functional group (the acid). The other test you did is really inconclusive, but that depends on what you've learned to date about bromine water tests (have you only learned about their interaction with alkenes and alkynes?). You know it's a liquid at room temp. That, sadly, tells you almost nothing. You can do some other chemical tests for other functional groups, but these still won't allow you to have anywhere near a complete picture. For example, you still wouldn't know the number of carbons, their arrangement, where the functional groups are, if there are more than one of them... In all, I have to believe that there's something we're missing here. How are other students completing this assignment? What exactly is your teacher expecting of you? Edit: sorry, I misread your OP. Is your compound a solid? How come you have a boiling point range for it and not a melting point? Given that it wasn't water or acid soluble, you can still discount it being a sugar.

! Moderator Note As this is homework, you will need to show what you have done and where you are stuck so that we can assist. I have hidden another post in this thread which attempted to give the answer, as doing so in these situations is not in line with our policy.

Your IR looks dodgy. Do you have access to mass spec of any sort (GCMS maybe)? NMR really is the gold standard. If you also don't have mass spec, you are going to struggle. Could you give more context on the problem? Is it an assignment of some sort? Sorry, just read that you don't have access to mass spec either. I can't see a practical way forward in properly identifying your compound without this or NMR. I would rerun your IR for starters, but it isn't going to tell you much that you don't already know. Just having the possible identity of two functional groups and a melting point isn't enough to tell you anything beyond that. Is elemental analysis possible? Again, context would be helpful. Is this homework? Is this a reaction product or a biological isolate of some sort? One more thing. Bromine can decolourise functional groups other than alkynes and alkenes. At a high school level, you would typically only be expected to consider the reaction with these two groups, however I am unclear on whether or not this is where the question comes from. If not, you need to consider things like aldehydes, anilines, phenols, etc. This is why I think you're going to be a bit stuck without mass spec and NMR.

You don't really have enough information to say more than what two of its functional groups possibly are. One you have correctly identified as an alkene or alkyne, the other you're almost at. What part of a fatty acid makes it acidic? Have you been given a molar mass and / or molecular formula at all?

Still waiting for a response to my post.

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Not at all. We're happy to receive feedback and discuss it. We have to get admin to make changes like that, however, so if anything is done it won't be immediately.

! Moderator Note I'm not sure what this is about, but I'm reasonably sure that it goes against the main objective of a discussion forum (that is, to discuss things). Thread closed. TuckingEdge, if you'd like to try again, you're welcome to, but I will ask that it makes sense.

RiceAWay had been banned for being unable to participate in honest discussion, or any discussion without it being completely off topic.

We have heard your points and are discussing them in the mod forum. That thread was beginning to get out of hand. Rather than letting it continue, staff chose instead to close it.

The only thing making abortions illegal does is get rid of legal abortions. Moreover, I would suggest that you are not saving any lives by doing so anyway. I have addressed your comment in my original response in this thread. Please respond to that.

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Did you read what I said? No woman is buying a morning after pill every time that she has sex. I don't know about you, but I certainly can't afford $30 every single time. That being said, I never said I wouldn't or haven't ever used them, and I certainly never said anything about not using condoms. Not that it matters, since as you say, it's my body. As for you other comment in your previous response, perhaps you could reply to the rest of the post you quoted, and then tell me how this isn't about controlling women's sexuality.

I can't speak much for government funded organisations in the US, but in Australia, we have CSIRO. CSIRO is a government funded organisation, responsible for inventing things like WiFi, the world's first effective influenza vaccine, the first ever Hendra vaccine, etc. These sorts of institutions are vital to progress, and I cannot fathom a convincing argument in support of gagging them and / or defunding them entirely.

So long as you understand that, then it doesn't matter very much for this lab. Depending on the sorts of questions you need to answer for assessment on it, you may like to mention the possibility of performing more replicates to account for any random errors, and develop a more statistically valid conclusion.

In the context of the particular lab you were doing, I would say that your analysis is fine. My only comment is that 2 trials per test would not usually be considered enough, though I assume that this is how many you were expected to do? I would normally advise my undergrads to do between 3 and 5 replicates in these sorts of experiments, but that number is heavily influenced by time pressures. In a more general setting, you probably would use melting point to discern two substances that were so close together. Something like GCMS or NMR might be more appropriate. I say this for insterest's sake only, of course.

! Moderator Note RiceAway, Unless you have citations and actual evidence to back up your claims (which essentially amount to accusing abortion clinics of legal murder), then your stories do not belong here. Any more posts like that will be hidden.

! Moderator Note RiceAway, As your posts have dragged the thread they came from away from the OP's specific questions, I am have moved them into their own thread. As you are positing your own ideas about climate change, the new thread will be placed in speculations. Please note that you are mandated to substantiate any non-claims you make. Generally speaking, staff would appreciate if you could please stick to the topic, and keep the unsubstantiated and rather dubious claims related to your credentials, and comments about other completely unrelated areas of science out of your posts here and elsewhere.

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As will bleach and isopropanol.

The most significant product would have been chloroform, but it seems unlikely you would have made much. You would have noticed the smell, in any case. The reaction would have been pretty quick also, and if your floor is dry I think you're probably safe.

farolero has now been banned for his far too frequent use of sock puppetry to circumvent the mod queue.

Great. Your carbamide should be fine if you are halogenating, but it probably isn't necessary to go that route. My next question is how familiar are you with chemical synthesis and do you have the right set up? I myself deal with a lot of nitrogen heavy compounds and can tell you from experience that they are not especially easy to work with. Purification is probably the most prohibitive aspect, as it is entirely hit and miss. Sometimes it will be incredibly easy, other times have caused me to rethink my synthesis completely. As you will need your compound to be pure for your biological work, make sure you have a handle on this aspect. As well, since I strongly suspect your compounds will be new compounds, you will need to make sure that each step you do has a full suite of characterisation data to go with it. Journals normally require this for publication. Apologies if you already knew all that.

One other question that has just occurred to me. Do you have any feeling for what type of protein it might bond to and where within the protein it would bind? One issue that might affect your results is if the binding site for the toxin is buried deep inside. This would be problematic for what you are proposing, since the resin bead would limit how far in the toxin can penetrate. I'm not too familiar with pulldown assays and my biochemistry knowledge is sketchy, so perhaps this is a non-issue?

Sensitivity of other groups aside, the biggest issue I see with your proposed scheme is that you have another secondary OH in there. How do you propose to react one and not the other? I would protect that first and then free your other OH. If you wish to then react that centre with something else, then you could substitute it for a halogen and react that way rather than react the OH directly. Depending on what you wanted to do, you would need a strong base for your reaction (with the OH), which would be complicated by the alpha hydrogen on the other side of the molecule (Edit: I was looking at your drawing, where you do not have the eneone present in the final product, which is there in the digital file; be careful of how you draw things!). One other alternative is to convert it to an ester with an amine base and something like a cyclic anhydride, or maybe an acid chloride. You can functionalize and attach to solid support pretty easily from there. I believe there is extensive literature on this, and it is probably your simplest option. You'll still need to protect the other OH, however.