Supermario

I need to specify something for 2) That has been shown for old mice!!!! In the meantime it turned out that in isolated muscle cells PGC-1alpha induced inflammation!!!!! For reference see here: http://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Citation/2010/10002/PGC_1_middle_dot__Enhances_LPS_Induced_TNF_middle.132.aspx

The molecule PGC-1 is very high expressed in muscle. It is physiologically induced by exercise and can be chemically induced by clenbuterol. Clenbuterol can also be given in combination with phosphodiesterase inhibitors to prolong the induction of PGC-1. PGC-1 occurs in two isoforms alpha and beta. They have similar actions. Inducing PGC-1 might be a perfect treatment for many diseases. 1) It increases lipid and glucose oxidation: Helps against diabetes 2) It seems to decrease inflammation i the muscle: Helps against inflammation. The 2 is very interesting. there is lots of interest in myokines (substances released by muscle that act like cytokines) PGC-1 alters myokine production in muscle. And PGC-1 inhibits TNF alpha which causes inflammation and muscle atrophy. PGC-1 might be a great target for medical intervention