mpc755

'The researchers conclude that what happened inside the annular channel in their experimental sample cell is that a small fraction—roughly 1.5 percent—of the helium atoms enter into a state of zero friction and that this fraction is no longer coupled to the back-and-forth motion of the sample cell or to the rest of the solid. "This 1.5 percent is the supersolid fraction, and its behavior is identical to that found for liquid helium entering the superfluid phase, except that in liquid helium the superfluid fraction is 100 percent at absolute zero," Chan explains.' 'Kim and Chan tested their conclusion by performing the experiment again, but this time they built a new sample cell with a barrier in the annular channel, blocking its continuous "racetrack" geometry so that superflow could not take place. "In this experiment, we observed that the decoupling rate, as measured by the change in the oscillation rate, decreased by a factor of 60," Chan reports.' The superflow being discussed is the 1.5% superflow taking place within the solid. The barrier couples the 1.5 percent of the supersolid fraction back to the rest of the solid. The barrier allows the helium bonds to take hold and the helium once again acts as a singleton. It has nothing to do with inertia of a particle moving through a frictionless superfluid/solid. When discussing the aether there are no bonds within the aether itself which can be coupled and decoupled. The aether is always, or always behaves as, a frictionless superfluid with properties of a solid; unless conditions allow it to condense into matter. What the barrier is likely causing to occur is the loss of coherence between the supersolid and the aether. Before you once again mention thermodynamics I am preemptively re-posting the following. '"When we go to a low-enough temperature, thermal energy is no longer important and this quantum-mechanical effect becomes very apparent," Chan explains.'

'Probable Discovery Of A New, Supersolid, Phase Of Matter' http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/09/040903085531.htm '"When we go to a low-enough temperature, thermal energy is no longer important and this quantum-mechanical effect becomes very apparent," Chan explains.'

de Broglie, the person who first understood wave-particle duality, understood the physical existence of the moving particle AND the associated wave. What de Broglie was unaware of is the existence of dark matter. 'Interpretation of quantum mechanics by the double solution theory - Louis de BROGLIE' http://www.ensmp.fr/aflb/AFLB-classiques/aflb124p001.pdf "When in 1923-1924 I had my first ideas about Wave Mechanics I was looking for a truly concrete physical image, valid for all particles, of the wave and particle coexistence discovered by Albert Einstein in his "Theory of light quanta". I had no doubt whatsoever about the physical reality of waves and particles." "In my view, the wave is a physical one..." "This result may be interpreted by noticing that, in the present theory, the particle is defined as a very small region of the wave where the amplitude is very large, and it therefore seems quite natural that the internal motion rythm of the particle should always be the same as that of the wave at the point where the particle is located." "I think that when this interpretation is further elaborated, extended, and eventually modified in some of its aspects, it will lead to a better understanding of the true coexistence of waves and particles about which actual Quantum mechanics only gives statistical information, often correct, but in my opinion incomplete." "I called this relation, which determines the particle's motion in the wave, the guidance formula. It may easily be generalized to the case of an external field acting on the particle." In a double slit experiment, the external field acting on the particle is the dark matter. Dark matter physically occupies three dimensional space. Dark matter is physically displaced by the moving particle. The displaced dark matter forms a wave which enters and exits both slits.

Aether exists where matter does not. Aether exists between the molecules of your chamber. Aether is displaced by matter. However, you can not create a single direction that the aether can flow through the chamber. In terms of your chamber and its interaction with the aether, your chamber has millions of holes in it. In your scenario, you could have a closed chamber and as you expand the chamber inside the chamber would be aetherless. This is incorrect. As you expand your chamber your chamber 'fills' with aether. A vacuum still consists of aether. It means you still don't understand the swimmer who pushes off the side of the pool and moves through the frictionless superfluid/solid forever experiences inertia. Once you understand this then maybe this conversation can move forward.

The following explains what occurs physically in nature in a 'delayed choice quantum eraser' experiment. Following the explanation is an experiment which will provide evidence of Aether Displacement. After the experiment which will provide evidence of aether displacement is an explanation of what occurs physically in nature for there to be an offset between galaxy clusters and the dark matter. There is also experimental evidence of directionality to the motion of galaxy clusters. Following these two summaries of the articles is a prediction of what direction the offset of the galaxy clusters moving directionally and the aether will be. This is more evidence of Aether Displacement. All 'delayed choice quantum eraser' experiments are explained by understanding conservation of momentum and a moving particle has an associated aether displacement wave. In the image on the right here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_choice_quantum_eraser#The_experiment when the downgraded photon pair are created, in order for there to be conservation of momentum, the original photons momentum is conserved. This means the downgraded photon pair have opposite polarizations. We will describe one of the photons as being the 'up' photon and the other photon as being the 'down' photon. One of the downgraded photons travels either the red or blue path towards D0 and the other photon travels either the red or blue path towards the prism. There are physical waves in the aether propagating both the red and blue paths. The aether waves propagating towards D0 interact with the lens and create interference prior to reaching D0. The aether waves create interference which alters the direction the photon travels prior to reaching D0. There are actually two interference patterns being created at D0. One associated with the 'up' photons when they arrive at D0 and the other interference pattern associated with the 'down' photons when they arrive at D0. Both 'up' and 'down' photons are reflected by BSa and arrive at D3. Since there is a single path towards D3 there is nothing for the wave in the aether to interfere with and there is no interference pattern and since it is not determined if it is an 'up' or 'down' photon being detected at D3 there is no way to distinguish between the photons arriving at D0 which interference pattern each photon belongs to. The same for photons reflected by BSb and arrive at D4. Photons which pass through BSa and are reflected by BSc and arrive at D1 are either 'up' or 'down' photons but not both. If 'up' photons arrive at D1 then 'down' photons arrive at D2. The opposite occurs for photons which pass through BSb. Photons which pass through BSa and pass through BSb and arrive at D1 are all either 'up' or 'down' photons. If all 'up' photons arrive at D1 then all 'down' photons arrive at D2. Since the physical waves in the aether traveling both the red and blue paths are combined prior to D1 and D2 the aether waves create interference which alters the direction the photon travels. Since all 'up' photons arrive at one of the detectors and all 'down' photons arrive at the other an interference pattern is created which reflects back to the interference both sets of photons are creating at D0. The following experiment will provide evidence of Aether Displacement: Instead of having a single beam splitter BSc have two beam splitters BSca and BScb. Have the photons reflected by mirror Ma interact with BSca and have the photons reflected by mirror Mb interact with BScb. Do not combine the red and blue paths. Have additional detectors D1a, D2a, D1b, and D2b. Have the photons reflected by and propagate through BSca be detected at D1a and D2a. Have the photons reflected by and propagate through BScb be detected at D1b and D2b. If you compare the photons detected at D1a and D1b with the photons detected at D0, the corresponding photons detected at D0 will form an interference pattern. If you compare the photons detected at D2a and D2b with the photons detected at D0, the corresponding photons detected at D0 will form an interference pattern. What is occurring is all 'up' photons are being detected at one pair of detectors, for example D1a and D1b, and all 'down' photons are being detected at the other pair of detectors, for example D2a and D2b. Interference patterns do not even need to be created in order to determine the interference patterns created at D0. 'Offset between dark matter and ordinary matter: evidence from a sample of 38 lensing clusters of galaxies' http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16739.x/abstract "We compile a sample of 38 galaxy clusters which have both X-ray and strong lensing observations, and study for each cluster the projected offset between the dominant component of baryonic matter centre (measured by X-rays) and the gravitational centre (measured by strong lensing). Among the total sample, 45 per cent clusters have offsets >10 arcsec. The >10 arcsec separations are significant, considering the arcsecond precision in the measurement of the lensing/X-ray centres. This suggests that it might be a common phenomenon in unrelaxed galaxy clusters that gravitational field is separated spatially from the dominant component of baryonic matter. It also has consequences for lensing models of unrelaxed clusters since the gas mass distribution may differ from the dark matter distribution and give perturbations to the modelling. Such offsets can be used as a statistical tool for comparison with the results of Lambda cold dark matter ( CDM) simulations and to test the modified dynamics." The offset is due to the galaxy clusters moving with respect to the state of the aether. 'Mysterious Cosmic 'Dark Flow' Tracked Deeper into Universe' http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/releases/2010/10-023.html 'The clusters appear to be moving along a line extending from our solar system toward Centaurus/Hydra, but the direction of this motion is less certain. Evidence indicates that the clusters are headed outward along this path, away from Earth, but the team cannot yet rule out the opposite flow. "We detect motion along this axis, but right now our data cannot state as strongly as we'd like whether the clusters are coming or going," Kashlinsky said.' The galaxy clusters are moving directionally because their motion is determined by the state of the aether in which they exist. When the offset for the clusters moving along a line extending from our solar system toward Centaurus/Hydra is detected it will be in the direction the clusters are traveling. The analogy is a comet moving away from the Sun. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet_tail "the ion tail, made of gases, always points directly away from the Sun, as this gas is more strongly affected by the solar wind than is dust, following magnetic field lines rather than an orbital trajectory" The offset between galaxy clusters and the aether is caused by the galaxy clusters interaction with the aether. The change in state of the aether is in the direction the galaxy clusters are traveling. The analogy is an object floating down stream. The object flows with the stream of water but moves down stream slower than the water itself. This will not be true of all galaxy clusters and their interaction with the aether. However, it will be so for the galaxy clusters which are moving directionally toward Centaurus/Hydra because their directionality is caused by their interaction with the state of the aether.

The following explains what occurs physically in nature in a 'delayed choice quantum eraser' experiment. Following the explanation is an experiment which will provide evidence of Aether Displacement. All 'delayed choice quantum eraser' experiments are explained by understanding conservation of momentum and a moving particle has an associated aether displacement wave. In the image on the right here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_choice_quantum_eraser#The_experiment when the downgraded photon pair are created, in order for there to be conservation of momentum, the original photons momentum is conserved. This means the downgraded photon pair have opposite polarizations. We will describe one of the photons as being the 'up' photon and the other photon as being the 'down' photon. One of the downgraded photons travels either the red or blue path towards D0 and the other photon travels either the red or blue path towards the prism. There are physical waves in the aether propagating both the red and blue paths. The aether waves propagating towards D0 interact with the lens and create interference prior to reaching D0. The aether waves create interference which alters the direction the photon travels prior to reaching D0. There are actually two interference patterns being created at D0. One associated with the 'up' photons when they arrive at D0 and the other interference pattern associated with the 'down' photons when they arrive at D0. Both 'up' and 'down' photons are reflected by BSa and arrive at D3. Since there is a single path towards D3 there is nothing for the wave in the aether to interfere with and there is no interference pattern and since it is not determined if it is an 'up' or 'down' photon being detected at D3 there is no way to distinguish between the photons arriving at D0 which interference pattern each photon belongs to. The same for photons reflected by BSb and arrive at D4. Photons which pass through BSa and are reflected by BSc and arrive at D1 are either 'up' or 'down' photons but not both. If 'up' photons arrive at D1 then 'down' photons arrive at D2. The opposite occurs for photons which pass through BSb. Photons which pass through BSa and pass through BSb and arrive at D1 are all either 'up' or 'down' photons. If all 'up' photons arrive at D1 then all 'down' photons arrive at D2. Since the physical waves in the aether traveling both the red and blue paths are combined prior to D1 and D2 the aether waves create interference which alters the direction the photon travels. Since all 'up' photons arrive at one of the detectors and all 'down' photons arrive at the other an interference pattern is created which reflects back to the interference both sets of photons are creating at D0. The following experiment will provide evidence of Aether Displacement: Instead of having a single beam splitter BSc have two beam splitters BSca and BScb. Have the photons reflected by mirror Ma interact with BSca and have the photons reflected by mirror Mb interact with BScb. Do not combine the red and blue paths. Have additional detectors D1a, D2a, D1b, and D2b. Have the photons reflected by and propagate through BSca be detected at D1a and D2a. Have the photons reflected by and propagate through BScb be detected at D1b and D2b. If you compare the photons detected at D1a and D1b with the photons detected at D0, the corresponding photons detected at D0 will form an interference pattern. If you compare the photons detected at D2a and D2b with the photons detected at D0, the corresponding photons detected at D0 will form an interference pattern. What is occurring is all 'up' photons are being detected at one pair of detectors, for example D1a and D1b, and all 'down' photons are being detected at the other pair of detectors, for example D2a and D2b. Interference patterns do not even need to be created in order to determine the interference patterns created at D0.

It isn't. In a double slit experiment, the moving particle has an associated dark matter displacement wave. The particle travels a single path and enters and exits a single slit. It is the associated dark matter displacement wave which enters and exits both slits. The associated dark matter displacement wave creates wave interference upon exiting the slits. As the particle exits a single slit, it is this wave interference which alters the direction the particle travels. Detecting the particle causes there to be a loss of coherence of the associated dark matter displacement wave, there is no wave interference, and the direction the particle travels is not altered.

A moving physical particle has an associated physical wave. An ether wave. Ether has mass. Ether physically occupies three dimensional space. Ether is displaced by matter. A moving particle has an associated ether displacement wave. In a double slit experiment, the physical particle travels a single path and enters and exits a single slit. It is the associated physical ether wave which enters and exits multiple slits. The ether wave creates interference upon exiting the slits and it is this wave interference which alters the direction the particle travels. Detecting the particle causes there to be a loss of coherence of the associated ether wave and there is no interference. Not quite ready to understand what is presently postulated as dark matter is ether? Then what occurs between a moving physical particle and the associated physical dark matter the moving particle interacts with? Dark matter has mass. This means dark matter physically occupies three dimensional space. Dark matter is physically displaced by a moving particle. The moving particle has an associated physical dark matter displacement wave. In a double slit experiment, the moving physical particle travels a single path and enters and exits a single slit. It is the associated dark matter displacement wave which enters and exits both slits. The dark matter displacement wave creates wave interference upon exiting the slits. It is this wave interference which alters the direction the particle travels. Detecting the particle causes there to be a loss of coherence between the particle and the associated dark matter displacement wave and there is no interference. 'Hubble Finds Ghostly Ring of Dark Matter' http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/news/dark_matter_ring_feature.html "Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope got a first-hand view of how dark matter behaves during a titanic collision between two galaxy clusters. The wreck created a ripple of dark mater, which is somewhat similar to a ripple formed in a pond when a rock hits the water." How is it the moving galaxy clusters have associated dark matter displacement waves but a particle in a double slit experiment does not? The particle in a double slit experiment does have an associated dark matter displacement wave.

The analogy is not quite correct because taking a stroke in a frictionless superfluid/solid will not cause the swimmer to glide at all. The more correct analogy is for the swimmer to push off the side of the pool. (bold by me) "Superfluidity and superconductivity cause particles to move without friction. Koos Gubbels investigated under what conditions such particles keep moving endlessly without losing energy, like a swimmer who takes one mighty stroke and then keeps gliding forever along the swimming pool." The swimmer displaces the frictionless superfluid/solid. The frictionless superfluid/solid displaces the swimmer. The state of the frictionless superfluid/solid is determined by its connections with the swimmer and the state of the frictionless superfluid/solid in neighboring places; which is the frictionless superfluid/solid's state of displacement. There is no dispersion of energy due to the swimmer's interaction with the frictionless superfluid/solid. There is no loss of energy in the interaction of the swimmer and the frictionless superfluid/solid. The swimmer never slows down. The swimmer moves through the frictionless superfluid/solid forever. Hence, inertia.

The article states superfluid helium-3 supports both transverse waves AND compression waves. Not that waves traveling through it have to act as both. "Showing a Faraday effect -- a rotation of the wave by a magnet -- means that this acoustic wave is transverse" 'Frictionless supersolid a step closer' http://www.physorg.com/news185201084.html "Superfluidity and superconductivity cause particles to move without friction. Koos Gubbels investigated under what conditions such particles keep moving endlessly without losing energy, like a swimmer who takes one mighty stroke and then keeps gliding forever along the swimming pool." 'On the super-fluid property of the relativistic physical vacuum medium and the inertial motion of particles' http://arxiv.org/ftp/gr-qc/papers/0701/0701155.pdf "Abstract: The similarity between the energy spectra of relativistic particles and that of quasi-particles in super-conductivity BCS theory makes us conjecture that the relativistic physical vacuum medium as the ground state of the background field is a super fluid medium, and the rest mass of a relativistic particle is like the energy gap of a quasi-particle. This conjecture is strongly supported by the results of our following investigation: a particle moving through the vacuum medium at a speed less than the speed of light in vacuum, though interacting with the vacuum medium, never feels friction force and thus undergoes a frictionless and inertial motion." There is no loss of energy in the interaction of matter and aether. Whatever energy is required to displace the aether the aether returns to the object as the aether 'displaces back'. Whatever force is required by the object to displace the aether the aether exerts the same amount of force towards the object. The energy associated with an object interacting with the aether is not dispersed into the aether. The aether has properties of a solid. This causes the energy, all of it, to be returned to the object moving through the aether as the aether 'displaces back'. Aether has properties of a solid. Which means there is no dispersion of the energy associated with its interaction with matter moving with respect to it. 'Probable Discovery Of A New, Supersolid, Phase Of Matter' http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/09/040903085531.htm '"When we go to a low-enough temperature, thermal energy is no longer important and this quantum-mechanical effect becomes very apparent," Chan explains.' Again, you seem to think you can ignore the 'with properties of a solid'. The aether, which is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid with properties of a solid means there is no dispersion. That is what the 'with properties of a solid' means. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelson–Morley_experiment#Experiments "If the aether were stationary relative to the sun, then the Earth's motion would produce a fringe shift 4% the size of a single fringe." "Instead of providing insight into the properties of the aether, Michelson and Morley's article in the American Journal of Science reported the measurement to be as small as one-fortieth of the expected displacement but "since the displacement is proportional to the square of the velocity" they concluded that the measured velocity was "probably less than one-sixth" of the expected velocity of the Earth's motion in orbit and "certainly less than one-fourth." Although this small "velocity" was measured, it was considered far too small to be used as evidence of speed relative to the aether, and it was later said to be within the range of an experimental error that would allow the speed to actually be zero." A small "velocity" was measured. This is the measurement associated with the aether whose state is determined by its 'connections' with matter. The aether is not stationary. Aether has mass. Aether physically occupies three dimensional space. Aether is physically displaced by matter. The state of the aether in the experiment is mostly determined by the Earth which is its state of displacement caused by its 'connections' with the Earth.

The aether is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid with properties of a solid. 'Superfluid Is Shown To Have Property Of A Solid' http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/07/990730072958.htm "Northwestern University physicists have for the first time shown that superfluid helium-3 -- the lighter isotope of helium, which is a liquid that has lost all internal friction, allowing it to flow without resistance and ooze through tiny spaces that normal liquids cannot penetrate -- actually behaves like a solid in its ability to conduct sound waves." '"Faraday's finding was the first indication that light and magnetism were related," says William Halperin, professor of physics and astronomy at Northwestern. "I wouldn't say that our discovery is of that magnitude, but it is significant as the first observation of a previously unknown mode of wave propagation in a liquid -- one that is of the type you would expect to see in a solid."' Whatever energy the galaxy clusters require to displace the aether the aether returns to the galaxy clusters as the aether 'displaces back'. The object does require energy to displace the aether. The aether requires the same amount of energy to displace the object. There is no loss of energy between the interaction of matter and aether. That is the 'has properties of a solid' part. The aether does not change state at an infinite rate. The aether changes state at 'c'. For any object moving with respect to the aether, does the object displace the aether or does the aether displace the object? Both are occurring simultaneously with equal force. Objects do not slow down when interacting with the aether. It has been measured. The Michelson-Morley experimental results were not null. The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to detect an at rest aether which the Earth moves through. The Michelson-Morley not null results detected a displaced aether.

The density of the aether likely does not change significantly due to its interaction with matter. So to describe the interaction of matter moving through the aether as having a high pressure area in front and a low pressure in back is not entirely accurate unless the matter is traveling near 'c' with respect to the state of the aether. The aether changes state at 'c'. Another example of what you describe above in terms of observable phenomenon having to do with the aether is the results from the Hafele and Keating Experiment. The rate at which an atomic clock ticks is determined by the force of the aether in which it exists. The greater the force of the aether exerted towards and throughout an atomic clock the slower the clock ticks. The aether is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid. This causes the aether, where the airplane flies in the 'Hafele and Keating Experiment', to have the affect of 'flowing' east to west with respect to the surface of the Earth. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/Relativ/airtim.html "Relative to the atomic time scale of the U.S. Naval Observatory, the flying clocks lost 59+/-10 nanoseconds during the eastward trip and gained 273+/-7 nanosecond during the westward trip, where the errors are the corresponding standard deviations." Flying with the Earth's rotation, eastward, is flying against the 'flow' of aether, relative to the surface of the Earth, causing a greater aether force on the atomic clock causing the atomic clock to tick slower. Flying against the Earth's rotation, westward, is flying with the 'flow' of aether, relative to the surface of the Earth, causing a lower aether force on the atomic clock causing the atomic clock to tick faster. Everything is with respect to the state of the aether, including the rate at which atomic clocks tick.

What you are describing is the reason for the offset described in the following: 'Offset between dark matter and ordinary matter: evidence from a sample of 38 lensing clusters of galaxies' http://onlinelibrary...6739.x/abstract "We compile a sample of 38 galaxy clusters which have both X-ray and strong lensing observations, and study for each cluster the projected offset between the dominant component of baryonic matter centre (measured by X-rays) and the gravitational centre (measured by strong lensing). Among the total sample, 45 per cent clusters have offsets >10 arcsec. The >10 arcsec separations are significant, considering the arcsecond precision in the measurement of the lensing/X-ray centres. This suggests that it might be a common phenomenon in unrelaxed galaxy clusters that gravitational field is separated spatially from the dominant component of baryonic matter. It also has consequences for lensing models of unrelaxed clusters since the gas mass distribution may differ from the dark matter distribution and give perturbations to the modelling. Such offsets can be used as a statistical tool for comparison with the results of Lambda cold dark matter ( CDM) simulations and to test the modified dynamics." The offset is due to the galaxy clusters moving with respect to the state of the aether. The analogy is a submarine moving through the ocean. You are a mile from the submarine. A mile on the other side of the submarine are many lights. As the submarine moves between you and the lights the light waves from the distant light sources changes as it interacts with the water displaced by the submarine. There will be an offset between the submarine itself and its 'gravitational center' as determined by measuring the light which propagates through the water displaced by the moving submarine. The aether is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid. There is no loss of energy in the interaction of matter and the aether. The aether does not slow down matter. The aether interacts with matter. Do not mistake force for friction. 'Frictionless supersolid a step closer' http://www.physorg.com/news185201084.html "Superfluidity and superconductivity cause particles to move without friction. Koos Gubbels investigated under what conditions such particles keep moving endlessly without losing energy, like a swimmer who takes one mighty stroke and then keeps gliding forever along the swimming pool." Is the swimmer displacing the 'water' or is the 'water' displacing the swimmer? Both must be occurring if the swimmer is able to take one mighty stroke and keep gliding forever. If the energy associated with the swimmer's one mighty stroke was not returned to the swimmer the swimmer would be unable to maintain momentum. 'On the super-fluid property of the relativistic physical vacuum medium and the inertial motion of particles' http://arxiv.org/ftp/gr-qc/papers/0701/0701155.pdf "Abstract: The similarity between the energy spectra of relativistic particles and that of quasi-particles in super-conductivity BCS theory makes us conjecture that the relativistic physical vacuum medium as the ground state of the background field is a super fluid medium, and the rest mass of a relativistic particle is like the energy gap of a quasi-particle. This conjecture is strongly supported by the results of our following investigation: a particle moving through the vacuum medium at a speed less than the speed of light in vacuum, though interacting with the vacuum medium, never feels friction force and thus undergoes a frictionless and inertial motion." Is the particle displacing the 'super fluid medium' or is the 'super fluid medium' displacing the particle? Both must occur if the particle "never feels friction force and thus undergoes a frictionless and inertial motion." Whatever energy is used to move the particle through the 'super fluid medium' must be continuously returned to the particle or the particle would not be able to maintain momentum. That does not mean there is no interaction between the particle and the frictionless superfluid. That does not mean the particle does not require energy to displace the frictionless superfluid. What it means is whatever energy the particle requires to displace the frictionless superfluid the frictionless superfluid medium applies the same amount of energy to the particle as it 'displaces back'. The interaction of the particle and the frictionless superfluid medium allows the particle to move forever through the frictionless superfluid medium. Not that there is no interaction between the particle and the frictionless superfluid medium. Just that there is no loss of energy in the interaction. That's what frictionless means when discussing a frictionless superfluid medium. No loss of energy in its interaction with matter. You are bowling. The bowling alley you are in is filled with a frictionless superfluid. As you release the bowling ball it heads towards the pins. The bowling ball displaces the frictionless superfluid. The bowling ball does not leave an empty void in its wake. The frictionless superfluid fills-in where the bowling ball had been. The frictionless superfluid exerts force towards the bowling ball. There is no loss of energy between the interaction of the bowling ball and the frictionless superfluid. The bowling ball is not slowed down by its interaction with the frictionless superfluid as it heads towards the pins because the interaction between the frictionless superfluid and the bowling ball is frictionless.

Work involves force. Not necessarily friction. If you had a particle sitting in an empty chamber and behind a gate you contained a large amount of a frictionless superfluid then when you lifted the gate and the frictionless superfluid flowed and interacted with the particle then the particle would move, correct? The interaction of the particle and the frictionless superfluid would still be frictionless. However, the frictionless superfluid would alter the state of the particle. How do I keep my responses from winding up in a single reply??? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aether_drag_hypothesis "For George Stokes (1845) the model of an aether which is only partially dragged by matter was unnatural. So Stokes assumed that the aether is completely dragged by and in the vicinity of matter.[9] Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1890) incorporated Stoke's aether dragging model within his elaboration of Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, to bring it into accord with the Galilean principle of relativity. That is, if it is assumed that the aether is at rest within matter in one reference frame, the Galilean transformation gives the result that matter and (entrained) aether travel with the same speed in another frame of reference.[1] Another version of that model was proposed by Theodor des Coudres and Wilhelm Wien (1900). They assumed that aether dragging is proportional to the gravitational mass. That is, the aether is completely dragged by the earth, and only partially dragged by smaller objects on earth.[10] [edit] Problems of complete aether dragging Complete aether dragging can explain the negative outcome of all aether drift experiments (like the Michelson-Morley experiment). However, this theory is considered to be wrong for the following reasons:[1][11] * The Fizeau experiment (1851) indicated only a partial entrainment of light. * The Sagnac effect shows that two rays of light, emanated from the same light source in different directions on a rotating platform, require different times to come back to the light source. However, if the aether is completely dragged by the platform this effect should not occur at all. * Oliver Lodge conducted experiments in the 1890s, seeking evidence that the propagation of light is influenced by being in the proximity of large rotating masses, and found no such influence. * In the Hammar experiment (1935) a Michelson-Morley type interferometer was used, and massive lead blocks were installed on both sides of only one leg of the interferometer. This arrangement should cause different amounts of aether drag and therefore produce a positive result. However, the result was again negative. * It is inconsistent with the phenomenon of stellar aberration. In stellar aberration the position of a star when viewed with a telescope swings each side of a central position by about 20.5 seconds of arc every six months. This amount of swing is the amount expected when considering the speed of earth's travel in its orbit. In 1871 Airy demonstrated that stellar aberration occurs even when a telescope is filled with water. It seems that if the aether drag hypothesis were true then stellar aberration would not occur because the light would be travelling in the aether which would be moving along with the telescope. Consider a bucket on a train about to enter a tunnel, and a drop of water drips from the tunnel entrance into the bucket at the very center. The drop will not hit the center at the bottom of the bucket. The bucket is analogous to the tube of a telescope, the drop is a photon and the train is the earth. If aether is dragged then the droplet would be traveling with the train when it is dropped and would hit the center of bucket at the bottom." All of the above 'problems' with a completely dragged aether are explained by understanding aether is not dragged by matter; aether is displaced by matter. The aether is not at rest within matter. The aether is displaced within matter. The state of the aether is determined by its connections with the matter. This means the state of the aether is determined mostly by is connections with the Earth. The state of the aether is also determined by its connections with the Sun. The state of the aether is also determined by its connections with all of the matter in the Milky Way. This is why experiments do not find the aether to be completely entrained by the Earth. Because it isn't. The aether is displaced by the Earth. The aether is also displaced by the Sun. However, the state of the aether is mostly determined by its connections with the matter which is the Earth'; which is the aether's state of displacement. The rate at which an atomic clock ticks is determined by the force of the aether in which it exists. The greater the force of the aether exerted towards and throughout an atomic clock the slower the clock ticks. The aether is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid. This causes the aether, where the airplane flies in the 'Hafele and Keating Experiment', to have the affect of 'flowing' east to west with respect to the surface of the Earth. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/Relativ/airtim.html "Relative to the atomic time scale of the U.S. Naval Observatory, the flying clocks lost 59+/-10 nanoseconds during the eastward trip and gained 273+/-7 nanosecond during the westward trip, where the errors are the corresponding standard deviations." Flying with the Earth's rotation, eastward, is flying against the 'flow' of aether, relative to the surface of the Earth, causing a greater aether force on the atomic clock causing the atomic clock to tick slower. Flying against the Earth's rotation, westward, is flying with the 'flow' of aether, relative to the surface of the Earth, causing a lower aether force on the atomic clock causing the atomic clock to tick faster. Everything is with respect to the state of the aether, including the rate at which atomic clocks tick. The state of the aether as determined by its connections with the matter which is the Earth is not an entrained aether; it is a displaced aether.

The aether is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid with properties of a solid. http://en.wikipedia....rley_experiment "Since the Earth is in motion, it was expected that the flow of aetheracross the Earth should produce a detectable "aether wind"." The MMX experiment was looking for an ether similar to the ether of Lorentz. An 'at rest' aether which the Earth moves through. The aether is not at rest. The aether is displaced by matter. The reason for the near null result of the MMX experiment is due to the state of the aether and the state of the aether in neighboring places being determined by its connections with the matter which is the Earth; which is the aether's state of displacement. The Earth displaces the aether far beyond the moon. Pouring water into a telescope does not change the state of the aether

As far as we know, there is no space, nor any part of three dimensional space, devoid of mass. If you were in zero gravity and pushed a bowling ball through a tank filled with frictionless superfluid the bowling ball would move forever through the frictionless superfluid. The bowling ball would displace the frictionless superfluid. The frictionless superfluid would 'displace back'. There would be no loss of energy in the interaction of the bowling ball and the frictionless superfluid. 'Frictionless supersolid a step closer' http://www.physorg.c...s185201084.html "Superfluidity and superconductivity cause particles to move without friction. Koos Gubbels investigated under what conditions such particles keep moving endlessly without losing energy, like a swimmer who takes one mighty stroke and then keeps gliding forever along the swimming pool." Is the swimmer displacing the 'water' or is the 'water' displacing the swimmer? Both must be occurring if the swimmer is able to take one mighty stroke and keep gliding forever. If the energy associated with the swimmer's one mighty stroke was not returned to the swimmer the swimmer would be unable to maintain momentum. 'On the super-fluid property of the relativistic physical vacuum medium and the inertial motion of particles' http://arxiv.org/ftp...701/0701155.pdf "Abstract: The similarity between the energy spectra of relativistic particles and that of quasi-particles in super-conductivity BCS theory makes us conjecture that the relativistic physical vacuum medium as the ground state of the background field is a super fluid medium, and the rest mass of a relativistic particle is like the energy gap of a quasi-particle. This conjecture is strongly supported by the results of our following investigation: a particle moving through the vacuum medium at a speed less than the speed of light in vacuum, though interacting with the vacuum medium, never feels friction force and thus undergoes a frictionless and inertial motion." Is the particle displacing the 'super fluid medium' or is the 'super fluid medium' displacing the particle? Both must occur if the particle "never feels friction force and thus undergoes a frictionless and inertial motion." Whatever energy is used to move the particle through the 'super fluid medium' must be continuously returned to the particle or the particle would not be able to maintain momentum. That does not mean there is no interaction between the particle and the frictionless superfluid. That does not mean the particle does not require energy to displace the frictionless superfluid. What it means is whatever energy the particle requires to displace the frictionless superfluid the frictionless superfluid medium applies the same amount of energy to the particle as it 'displaces back'. The interaction of the particle and the frictionless superfluid medium allows the particle to move forever through the frictionless superfluid medium. Not that there is no interaction between the particle and the frictionless superfluid medium. Just that there is no loss of energy in the interaction. That's what frictionless means when discussing a frictionless superfluid medium. No loss of energy in its interaction with matter. You are mistaking friction with force. Aether has mass. Aether physically occupies three dimensional space. Aether is physically displaced by matter. Aether displaced by matter physically exerts force towards the matter. Force exerted towards matter by aether displaced by matter is gravity. The force exerted towards matter by aether displaced by matter is frictionless. That doesn't mean there is no force exerted by the displaced aether towards the matter. Just that the interaction of matter and aether is frictionless; not force-less.

Matter does not move with dark matter. Matter moves through the aether. 'Offset between dark matter and ordinary matter: evidence from a sample of 38 lensing clusters of galaxies' http://onlinelibrary...6739.x/abstract "We compile a sample of 38 galaxy clusters which have both X-ray andstrong lensing observations, and study for each cluster the projectedoffset between the dominant component of baryonic matter centre(measured by X-rays) and the gravitational centre (measured by stronglensing). Among the total sample, 45 per cent clusters have offsets>10 arcsec. The >10 arcsec separations are significant,considering the arcsecond precision in the measurement of thelensing/X-ray centres. This suggests that it might be a commonphenomenon in unrelaxed galaxy clusters that gravitational field isseparated spatially from the dominant component of baryonic matter. Italso has consequences for lensing models of unrelaxed clusters sincethe gas mass distribution may differ from the dark matter distributionand give perturbations to the modelling. Such offsets can be used as astatistical tool for comparison with the results of Lambda cold darkmatter ( CDM) simulations and to test the modified dynamics." The above fits with matter moving through the 'dark matter'; which is evidence what is postulated as 'dark matter' is aether. The offset is due to the galaxy clusters moving with respect to the state of the aether. The analogy is a submarine moving through the water. Far off in the distance are lights. The submarine moves between you and the lights destorting the light waves. The submarine displaces the water. The galaxy clusters displace the aether.

The analogy is a tank full of superfluid helium-3. In the tank you place a bowling ball sized mesh container full of small marbles. You rotate the mesh bag. As you rotate the mesh container you move the bag through the frictionless superfluid. The state of the frictionless superfluid at the surface of the mesh bag is mostly determined by the rotation of the bag. The state of the frictionless superfluid is mostly determined by its connections with the matter and the state of of the frictionless superfluid in neighboring places. The Earth displaces the aether far beyond the moon. To fill a telescope with water to provide evidence the aether is not entrained by the Earth is scientifically weak. The aether is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid with properties of a solid. The aether is not entrained by the Earth, the aether is displaced by the Earth. Ether and the Theory of Relativity - Albert Einstein' http://www.tu-harburg.de/rzt/rzt/it/Ether.html "if, in fact nothing else whatever were observable than the shape of the space occupied by the water as it varies in time, we should have no ground for the assumption that water consists of movable particles. But all the same we could characterise it as a medium." If you replace water with ether you will understand Einstein's concept of ether: if, in fact nothing else whatever were observable than the shape of the space occupied by the [ether] as it varies in time, we should have no ground for the assumption that [ether] consists of movable particles. But all the same we could characterise it as a medium. What Einstein is referring to throughout the article is the aether's state of displacement. "the state of the [ether] is at every place determined by connections with the matter and the state of the ether in neighbouring places, ... disregarding the causes which condition its state." The state of the aether as determined by its connections with the matter and the state of the aether in neighboring places is the aether's state of displacement. The cause which conditions its state is its displacement by matter.

The aether is, or behaves similar to, a frictionless superfluid with properties of a solid. 'Superfluid Is Shown To Have Property Of A Solid' http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/07/990730072958.htm "Northwestern University physicists have for the first time shown that superfluid helium-3 -- the lighter isotope of helium, which is a liquid that has lost all internal friction, allowing it to flow without resistance and ooze through tiny spaces that normal liquids cannot penetrate -- actually behaves like a solid in its ability to conduct sound waves." '"Faraday's finding was the first indication that light and magnetism were related," says William Halperin, professor of physics and astronomy at Northwestern. "I wouldn't say that our discovery is of that magnitude, but it is significant as the first observation of a previously unknown mode of wave propagation in a liquid -- one that is of the type you would expect to see in a solid."' The galaxy clusters in the following article are not traveling with dark matter. The galaxy clusters are moving through the aether. The galaxy clusters displace aether. 'Hubble Finds Ghostly Ring of Dark Matter 'http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/news/dark_matter_ring_feature.html "Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope got a first-hand view of how dark matter behaves during a titanic collision between two galaxy clusters. The wreck created a ripple of dark mater, which is somewhat similar to a ripple formed in a pond when a rock hits the water." The 'pond' consists of aether. The moving 'particles' are the galaxy clusters. The 'ripple' is a gravitational wave. The 'ripple' is an aether displacement wave. The above is physical evidence of a moving 'particle' having an associated aether displacement wave. In a double slit experiment, the particle travels a single path and enters and exits a single slit. It is the associated aether displacement wave which enters and exits both slits. The aether displacement wave creates wave interference upon exiting the slits. As the particle exits a singel slit, it is this interference which alters the direction the particle travels. Detecting the particle causes a loss of coherence of the associated aether displacement wave, there is no wave interference, and the direction the particle travels is not altered. The aether is detected every time a double slit experiment is performed. Aether has mass. Aether physically occupies three dimensional space. Aether is physically displaced by matter. Aether is not at rest when displaced. Displaced aether exerts force towards matter. Force exerted towards matter by aether displaced by matter is gravity. Aether Displacement explains why the shape of the Milky Way's 'dark matter' is in the shape of a squished beach ball. 'Dark Halo Around Our Galaxy Looks Like Squished Beach Ball' http://www.space.com/7746-dark-halo-galaxy-squished-beach-ball.html "Dark matter seems to shroud the remaining visible matter in giant spheres called haloes." The Milky Way's halo is displaced aether. "But the new study found that the Milky Way's halo isn't exactly spherical, but squished. In fact, its beach-ball form is flattened in a surprising direction perpendicular to the galaxy's visible, pancake-shaped spiral disk." All of the aether displaced by the Milky Way matter exerts force towards the matter. The force exerted towards the matter by the aether displaced perpendicular to the plane of the galaxy's spiral disk offset. It is the aether which is displaced outward relative to the plane of the spiral disk which exerts force towards the center of the galaxy. This forces the matter closer together which results in the displaced aether looking like a squished beach ball. Matter does not move with dark matter. Matter moves through the aether. 'Offset between dark matter and ordinary matter: evidence from a sample of 38 lensing clusters of galaxies' http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16739.x/abstract "We compile a sample of 38 galaxy clusters which have both X-ray and strong lensing observations, and study for each cluster the projected offset between the dominant component of baryonic matter centre (measured by X-rays) and the gravitational centre (measured by strong lensing). Among the total sample, 45 per cent clusters have offsets >10 arcsec. The >10 arcsec separations are significant, considering the arcsecond precision in the measurement of the lensing/X-ray centres. This suggests that it might be a common phenomenon in unrelaxed galaxy clusters that gravitational field is separated spatially from the dominant component of baryonic matter. It also has consequences for lensing models of unrelaxed clusters since the gas mass distribution may differ from the dark matter distribution and give perturbations to the modelling. Such offsets can be used as a statistical tool for comparison with the results of Lambda cold dark matter ( CDM) simulations and to test the modified dynamics." The offset is due to the galaxy clusters moving through the aether. 'Ether and the Theory of Relativity - Albert Einstein' http://www.tu-harburg.de/rzt/rzt/it/Ether.html "Since according to our present conceptions the elementary particles of matter are also, in their essence, nothing else than condensations of the electromagnetic field" The electromagnetic field is a state of aether. Matter is condensations of aether. DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT?' A. EINSTEIN http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/e_mc2.pdf "If a body gives off the energy L in the form of radiation, its mass diminishes by L/c2." The mass of the body does diminish; however, the matter which no longer exists as part of the body has not vanished. It still exists, as aether. Matter evaporates into aether. As matter converts to aether it expands in three dimensional space. The physical effects this transition has on the neighboring aether and matter is energy. Mass is conserved. Energy is conserved. A change in state of that which has mass is energy. All 'delayed choice quantum eraser' experiments are explained by understanding conservation of momentum and a moving particle has an associated aether displacement wave. In the image on the right here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_choice_quantum_eraser#The_experiment When the downgraded photon pair are created, in order for there to be conservation of momentum, the original photons momentum is conserved. This means the downgraded photon pair have opposite polarizations. We will describe one of the photons as being the 'up' photon and the other photon as being the 'down' photon. One of the downgraded photons travels either the red or blue path towards D0 and the other photon travels either the red or blue path towards the prism. There are physical waves in the aether propagating both the red and blue paths. The aether waves propagating towards D0 interact with the lens and create interference prior to reaching D0. The aether waves create interference which alters the direction the photon travels prior to reaching D0. There are actually two interference patterns being created at D0. One associated with the 'up' photons when they arrive at D0 and the other interference pattern associated with the 'down' photons when they arrive at D0. Both 'up' and 'down' photons are reflected by BSa and arrive at D3. Since there is a single path towards D3 there is nothing for the wave in the aether to interfere with and there is no interference pattern and since it is not determined if it is an 'up' or 'down' photon being detected at D3 there is no way to distinguish between the photons arriving at D0 which interference pattern each photon belongs to. The same for photons reflected by BSb and arrive at D4. Photons which pass through BSa and are reflected by BSc and arrive at D1 are either 'up' or 'down' photons but not both. If 'up' photons arrive at D1 then 'down' photons arrive at D2. The opposite occurs for photons which pass through BSb. Photons which pass through BSa and pass through BSb and arrive at D1 are all either 'up' or 'down' photons. If all 'up' photons arrive at D1 then all 'down' photons arrive at D2. Since the physical waves in the aether traveling both the red and blue paths are combined prior to D1 and D2 the aether waves create interference which alters the direction the photon travels. Since all 'up' photons arrive at one of the detectors and all 'down' photons arrive at the other an interference pattern is created which reflects back to the interference both sets of photons are creating at D0. The following experiment will provide evidence of Aether Displacement: Instead of having a single beam splitter BSc have two beam splitters BSca and BScb. Have the photons reflected by mirror Ma interact with BSca and have the photons reflected by mirror Mb interact with BScb. Do not combine the red and blue paths. Have additional detectors D1a, D2a, D1b, and D2b. Have the photons reflected by and propagate through BSca be detected at D1a and D2a. Have the photons reflected by and propagate through BScb be detected at D1b and D2b. If you compare the photons detected at D1a and D1b with the photons detected at D0, the corresponding photons detected at D0 will form an interference pattern. If you compare the photons detected at D2a and D2b with the photons detected at D0, the corresponding photons detected at D0 will form an interference pattern. What is occurring is all 'up' photons are being detected at one pair of detectors, for example D1a and D1b, and all 'down' photons are being detected at the other pair of detectors, for example D2a and D2b. Interference patterns do not even need to be created in order to determine the interference patterns created at D0.