MigL

I gotta ask ... Who is 'we' ? Is there more than one of you, in this 49th parallel group, that has severe misconceptions about Cosmology ?

Hey, stop picking on Canada 🙂

Assuming of course you are 'using' visible light to picture the particle in your head ... It will look like a 'fuzzy' volume. Denser 'fuzz' near the center, more rarefied 'fuzz' toward the edges, but never actually ending ( no abrupt cut-off ) You can shrink this fuzzy volume down, by imagining it with higher energy x-rays, or gamma rays, but you can never bring it into 'focus'. It will always be 'fuzzy'.

Not that I habitually insult people ( or, at least, I try not to ), but you don't seem to understand the concept of an insult. The point of an insult would seem to be, to 'hurt' the intended victim by disparaging something of a personal nature. Sexuality, gender, ethnicity, hair color, speech patterns, etc. all fall into that category, and are thus used. And it may have nothing to do with any biases on the part of the insultor.

I don't think you'd be breathing anyway, at anything over 10 g, never mind 850 g. Sorry Halc. I meant only that subset of tidal effects which originate from the fact that field lines are not parallel in a gravitational field, but spread out from the CoM. ( but I didn't know how to put that in a few words )

I walked into a coffee shop one day, where some guys were having an interesting conversation, so I joined in the conversation. I got something out of it, and I gave something back. I've since returned to this coffee shop every day, met the same people, and had interesting coversations/discussions about many subjects; as long as I keep getting something out of the discussions, and my imput is welcome, I'll keep coming back. Why should I care who originally built the coffee shop, or what its intended purpose was ? Don't overthink it; it's just a discussion forum.

At least it wasn't another Bernie/mittens photo meme. That was done to death.

We must all be bored... We're talking about the weather.

Unfortunately Zap, whenever you use one of these analogies, people always ask "What's the space inside the balloon ?" or " What is the raisin bread expanding into ?" I would assume that anyone on this forum has a little bit of scientific inclination, and knows how to do an internet search. Give them the actual explanation; separation between things, at very large scales, is increasing. And that is happening all through the universe, so there is no inside or outside of an 'expansion'. That last picture you presented of the 'doughnut' shaped universe is more than a little misleading, BeeCee. A flat sheet of paper cannot be rolled up into that shape in three dimensions. The inside ( next to the hole ) will have negative curvature, while the outside * large circumference ) will have positive curvature. A better way to imagine the concept of a hypertorus is the old Asteroids video game; but it is hard ( impossible ? ) to illustrate in 3D. The flat video screen is 'rolled up' in four dimensions, such that the top edge identifies with the bottom edge, and independently, the left edge is 'rolled up' to meet the right edge. In three dimensions you would see spaceships disappear off the right side of the flat screen, and re-appear on the left side. Similarly for the top and botton edges of the flat screen.

If it wasn't for all the accidents and people suffering the cold, I'd find it funny that people in places like Texas have a couple of days of bad weather and they lose their minds. Try living in Canada or even the American mid-west. Temperatures last night were -15o C , and I have a foot of snow outside my door. Life goes on as normal.

I wouldnt go that far. China tried control news coming out of the country, that it had everything in control. They let the rest of the world know, only when they realized it was out of control. In effect, they had a stick of dynomite, they lit the fuse, and handed it to the rest of us when the fuse was half burned. On the other hand ( as CharonY likes to point out ), we took the stick of dynomite with the lit fuse, and put it in our back pocket, without taking any precautions or making any preparations. Multiple failures all around.

That is something that a lot of ( sensible ) people find hard to swallow. The fact that the chief orchestrator of the Capital riot seems to have gotten away with no repercussions. And a lot of the people who helped him avoid repercussions are the same people who supported his 'stolen election' claims that seeded the insurrection and riot.

As if Republicans didn't have enough problems, with the growing divide between members who want to hang on to power at any cost and those few who want to do the right thing, the 'fight' for control of the Republican party between M McConnel and D Trump, and now we learn that Rush Limbaugh has passed away. Not to make fun of anyone's passing, but maybe the last 4 years were too much stress on his heart.

Then again, there's also this ... A genomic region associated with protection against severe COVID-19 is inherited from Neandertals | PNAS Which suggests that a genetic mutation found to reduce the risk of severe Covid-19 outcomes by 1/5, was found in all existing samples of Neanderthal DNA, and in about 1/3 of samples from people of European and Asian origin. Make of it what you will , but it does suggest genetic factors cannot be dismissed entirely.

Even for GR where gravity is not actually considered a force, the Equivalence Principle suggests that acceleration is equivalent to gravity ( without tidal effects ). That is why we can expess acceleration in g , or multiples of 9.8 m/s/s. IOW, an acceleration of 2g is equal to 19.6 m/s/s , and you would be 'pushed back' as if you weighed twice your normal weight, or the Earth's gravitational force was doubled.

The 'right' cancels the 'left' all the time, as INow states. The 'left' also cancels the 'right' frequently. But the people we are attaching those labels to, are still there. And their concerns and needs are not 'cancelled' at all, and will arise again, even stronger, when the next election comes around. If things don't change, America will be remembered as the nation that could not be brought down from the outside, but was destroyed from within, because neither side was willing to compromise. I am encouraged by Cindy McCain, after being censured by the Arizona GOP, who said "I"m a life-long Republican, but I'm an American first, and will do what is best for my country" More Americans, and certainly more politicians, need to start thinking that way.

Well ... She is much easier to look at, and, has normal hair. But ... She has bad taste in men, as exemplified by her husband, and the father she looks up to.

I don't know why everyone is getting so worked up over this. If you chose to define every bus as a big yellow vehicle, you can make the correlation that it is full of school-age children; and you'd be right. However, we all know there are different colored buses, full of older people, or even empty. Similarly, if you choose to define 'race' on the basis of external appearance, you can make the argument that there are many 'races' of humans. However we all know that external appearance can vary more widely within a 'race' than between so-called 'races'. I'm sure if we take Luiz' efinition of intelligence, that based solely on IQ tests, he may be able to make a correlation to brain size, and even to these different 'races' he has defined. That would not prove very much at all.

I've read your other topic also. I agree with you. There can be differing human 'races', depending on your definition of 'race'. The problem arises once you start categorizing these different 'races' according to real or imagined attributes. IOW, what do you intend to do with this information ? Is it beneficial or detrimental ? It's a lot like nuclear power. Is the intention to provide cheap power, or to build bombs ?

There are few biological factors which affect the outcome of COVID infections. One such is Vitamin D, or its deficiency in certain groups. A large factor seems to be access to health care. Our response, in Canada, while not perfect ( remote indigenous communities are more affected ), has ben better than the US response, because people, no matter their socio-economic status, are not afraid to seek health care. Americans, who don't have universal health care may be afraid of incurring the large costs associated with your health care system, and experience worse outcomes. Maybe J Biden can push for expanded health care coverage in the US, based on these findings.

TheSpeculations section is where non-mainstream ideas are presented, and defended with evidence ( mathematical or observational ). It s not equvalent to the Trash Can section, and is nothing to be ashamed of, or ridiculed. Some posters make it needlessly equivalent to the Trash Can, because they refuse to back up their assertions with evidence, or refuse to recognize evidence which is contrary to their assertions ( and we get quite a few of those types of posters ).

Einstein's field equations ae satisfied by symmetric Lorentzian manifolds of constant scalar curvature, even for an empty universe, with a positive, zero, or negative Cosmological Constant. They are respectively termed DeSitter, for positive curvature ( spherical ), Minkowsky, for zero curvature ( flat or Euclidian ), and Anti-DeSitter, for negative curvature ( hyperbolic ). Anti-DeSitter has become popular as of late, because of its role in AdS/CFT correspondence, where gauge forces ( of QM ) are described by the extra ( plus one non-compact ) dimensons of string theory, and is the basis for the Holographic Principle.

I think D Trump is taking the example of one of his favorite despots, V Putin. When V Putin was constitutionally prevented from running for the Russian Presidency, he inserted D Medvedev as a 'puppet', until he could step back into the Presidency and continue his efforts to make it a lifetime position for himself.

IE is like an old friend that I've known since the 90s. I just can't bring myself to totally cast it aside. I have to wonder, Saturday morning, the Democrats pushed to have more testimony/witnesses presented at the hearings, some of it very damning, but by Saturday afternoon that was all scrapped, and they went directly to the vote. Why the change of plans ? Why the hurry ? M McConnel made them wait until D Trump was out of office to have the Senate hearings, just so they could then all claim that the Impeachment was unconstitutional because D Trump was no longer in office. Drag the Senate trial out, present ALL the evidence, and make the Republicans who supported ( and continue to support ) him, look like the PoS the are.

Who is the guy in your avatar ? He looks wide-eyed crazy !