MigL

Only played rugby during my first year of University. The recruitment slogan that caught my eye was "You gotta have leather balls to play rugby"

Some people don't seem to realise that this is a club, not a democracy. If you wanna be a member, abide by the rules. Membership has its privileges. ( just like AmEx )

I have cousins, originally Italian, but now Swiss. One of them has moved to Holland, and she continuously asks me to visit. I should like to do that, one of these days.

I would think I belong to the second group, Eise. I'm sorry if I've forced you to rethink, or make your viewpoint clearer, or forced you to read. I can assure you I always look forward to reading your posts, and attending your parties. Keep them coming.

Gravity provides for the general clumping together of matter. This is then further sorted by density, temperature and pressure gradients, as well as intermolecular forces. Did I miss any other sorting criteria ?

If by any chance, this change of heart is due to the ongoing discussion in the Political forum, I hope you reconsider. People tend to get very passionate about their opinions, and refuse to even acknowledge that other points of view may exist. I have done it myself, but I make the attempt to consider other, even unsavory, viewpoints. And sometimes it can be a minefield to navigate. I find your questions, and your desire to learn, in the Physics forums refreshing. A lot of them have helped me learn new things also. Looking forward to many more of them.

I'm not American Ten oz. Any 'conversation' your government and your people may have concerning reparations for the continuing after-effects of slavery, is not one I'll be a part of. And yes, a lot of Americans will see it as an attack on their way of life. Your President is proof of that, and shares those sentiments, no matter how many statistics you 'preach to the choir'. But it seems that if someone says that they may not want to get involved in a discussion that will degenerate into bickering and name calling, you consider that 'dropping a turd'. Furthering that discussion towards bickering and name calling. Well done

Meanwhile back at the OP... Again, back on the first page of this discussion, Ten oz, you state... "While I feel reparations are justified in theory I don't think it is practical as a policy." You have still not explained why you think they are impractical. Are you going to do so anytime soon ? All you've done since the first page is attack people who agreed with your opinion, and who made some attempt to explain why they are impractical. All we got from you is something about Confederate symbols being still out there, and how some whites are disenfranchised also. Then have the gall to claim others 'dropped a turd' and don't explain themselves. ( no, I'm not letting it go )

Weight is a force and rightfully expressed in Newtons. Your weight is different on the moon because the force of gravity is different. Your mass, however, is the same.

I pointed out that the misinformation is out there CharonY ( ask any D Trump supporter ), and you at least, seem to agree with this. Others, well one specifically, replied that I dropped a 'turd' and I would refuse to further discuss the issue. I'm still involved in the discussion, trying to make sense of his opinion. He has stated that he is opposed to reparations, hasn't given any reasons, and attacks those who do.

While what you say is true about crime statistics and how they've been systematically used to oppress, CharonY, that is not the general perspective. What the average American sees is the black-on-black crime/violence and gang membership in absence of a father in the house. And the average American is who you have to convince to have a meaningful conversation. Attitudes some forum members display don't convince anyone, they just build resentment. As for your second point CharonY, that is the subject of the conversation, and there are many differing and nuanced views. Is that enough mustard for you, ten oz, or would you like some more ? And how about you answer questions posed to you, your highness... "Why don't you post why you think this 'conversation' would go differently in the US, at this point in time ?"

CharonY has just demonstrated how you have a 'conversation'. Are you paying attention, Ten oz ?

Again, none of my post was confrontational; I simply posited that any 'conversation' would become confrontational. You then replied to my post in a confrontational manner; thereby confirming my assumptions. Thank you.

I simply stated where I saw the 'conversation' going, and my reasoning. You are already proving my point by taking a confrontational stance. Why don't you post why you think this 'conversation' would go differently in the US, at this point in time ? ( instead of calling my post a turd because you're hurt that I used your post as an example )

Most air breathing ( atmospheric oxygen is the oxidizer ) are virtually smokeless these days. The vapor trails you see are mostly condensation due to pressure difference above and below wings and other lifting surfaces. An oxygen/hydrogen rocket will also leave a water vapor trail. And as others have stated, a mass of reacted gases accelerated backwards, will have an equal and opposite reaction on the ejecting rocket.

Definitely not a tautology, and I don't know the meaning/interpretation of 'stole'. But you're saying no one has ever done an experiment to directly prove air exists. They have only ever proved it indirectly by the forces it exerts on balloons, airfoils, etc. ???

If any reparations are to be made to 'correct' past inequalities/injustices, they would have to be sizeable. 20 dollars apiece and an apology isn't going to do squat to correct the inequalities inherent in the system. That being said, the government does NOT have any of its own money that it can dish out. It is all taxpayer money that the government re-distributes, and any that goes towards reparations either comes at the expense of other programs, or has to be re-payed by our children. So although Dimreepr is being his usual terse self, he makes a valid point and sizeable reparations could hurt others. Why not simply have equal standards going forward, that people are people, not black or white. Only those qualities which directly affect a person's performance/actions is to be considered, not their skin color, sexual orientation, ethnic background, etc. Even what Ten oz did in a previous post, breaking down voting and sports affiliation, while seemingly done to show the inherent inequalities, would be considered racist if done in other areas, such as crime statistics. So you can see the dilemma in trying to have a 'conversation' about reparations; you don't come off as being genuine if you make some areas of discussion off-limits. Some people ( not me, I'll be keeping my distance ) will no doubt want to discuss the role/influence black-on-black violence, and absent fathers, have on the current inequalities. It may start out as a conversation/discussion, but in the current political climate, it would likely degenerate into race wars. Does the US really need that problem also ?

Mass and energy are often confused with matter and radiation. The former are simply properties of the latter. The property of mass for leptons ( quarks/electrons )only 'emerged' after the Electroweak symmetry break. ( one wonders if energy is the 'fundamental' form of mass ? )

Ahh, I see. If you are 'part' of the curvature, you can only measure it if it is intrinsic ( using the accepted methods, metrics/geodesics ); you cannot 'step outside' into the embedding dimension to measure extrinsic.

You've really gotta start adding some 'meat' to your potatoes, Dimreepr

I think we are all overthinking it, Studiot. the two definitions of energy I like are AJB's ... 'a property of the configuration of the system' and Mordred's … 'a property that defines the ability to do work'. In the case of the idealized system described by Swansont, we can't really talk about the ( global ) system's ability to do work, as you need a temperature difference to achieve that. IE you can only have energy compared to another system ( altering configuration ). You can however talk about the energy of the individual ( billiard balls ? ) constituents of that same system, and their translational/vibrational energy ( kinetic ). But then again we are back to configuration of the individual constituent particles.

Let's stick with curvature for the moment, without getting further confused by chirality. Consider a donut shape ( torus ), embedded in a higher dimension, such that its curvature is extrinsic. On the inner part, next to the hole, the curvature is negative, and a triangle will have angles that sum to LESS than 180 deg. While on the outer periphery, where curvature is positive, the triangle's angles sum to MORE than 180 deg. Now consider a flat torus, where curvature is intrinsic, and, like the old Asteroids game, the points on one side identify with the points on the other side. When you travel to one end of the space, you reappear ( without rotation or reflection ) on the opposite side, and continue on. Any triangle drawn on this intrinsically curved space will have 180 deg even though it is topologically curved ( that's where 'flat' comes from in flat torus ). Which case has discernible curvature ? ( topology is not my strongest field, but the above is my understanding, and I'm open to correction )

No one is against studying history, and learning from our collective mistakes. But history is 15 to 20 thousand years ( at least ), and, by our very nature we have perpetrated plenty of injustice, as seen through modern eyes. ( I am of Italian ancestry; should I be responsible for injustice/atrocities perpetrated by the Roman Empire ? ) Debate is fine, and so is moving beyond step #2, but where exactly do you see it going from there ?

Are you sure that isn't the other way around Studiot ? In the case of extrinsic curvature, where we have 'embedding', the Pythagorean theorem doesn't hold, and can be used to verify deviation from Euclidian. But the relation can be restored by adding an additional dimension extending into the embedding space. IE if dx^2 + dy^2 =/= dh^2 then dx^2 + dy^2 + de^2 == dh^2 where h is the hypotenuse, and e is the embedding dimension

If I was American, I would want a few things addressed... A national Health care system with coverage for all, because it's absurd that one of the most advanced countries in the world can't care for all its people. Stricter rules for gun availability/possession; The mass shootings and gun violence cannot be allowed to continue. This isn't the wild west anymore. Not so much a cut-back on military spending, but rather, on the wars and policing actions the US is involved in; that is what costs big time. As the saying went; you can have a big stick, but walk softly, you don't need to use it all the time. Deterrence means not having to use it. I don't necessarily agree with restitution for past injustices, but would like to see equal opportunity for all, in the way of subsidizing the educational system such that it is affordable to a majority of young people. If we can do it in Canada, why can't the US ? I also don't agree with the call to change the electoral college system, Ten oz. During the last Canadian election, the Liberals were coming from behind, and there were doubts as to whether they could win. They promised electoral reform ( to proportional representation ) during the campaign. This idea was quickly shelved once they won a majority, and deemed unfeasible. I guess we'll have to wait until they lose before they start proposing it again.