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But, if hydrochloric acid react with something else , what should the formula of the raw material ( hydrochloric acid , HCI or HCI+H2O?)???

Why light converges or diverges when they passes the centre plane of the lens(middle of lens)?? When we draw graphs, we redirect the rays when they exactly passes at the middle.

When we write chemical formula, such as water+sodium hydroxide H2O+NaOH, if we don't know the product , can we still have the correct answer?

Why do chemists name HCI(aq) the formula as hydrochloric acid, but not name it as H2O+HCI = hydrochloric acid????

Is chloroplast considered as cell?

Generally, polyatomic ions contain polar covalent bonds. Still, the difference between polar covalent and ionic bonding is really subject to opinion. The "rule" chemists use is that if the electronegativity difference of the bonded atoms is greater than or equal to 1.7, it's an ionic bond. 1.7?? How about H2F? The electronegativity of hydrogen atom is 1.0 while the electronegativity of fluorine atom is 4.0, then why we still look it as a covalent compound?

In my experiment , The plant (Chlorophyll )absorbs blue lights the highest but absorbs green light the lowest, what's the reason? Do the reasons are 1. the reflection of light ( colour ) ,2.the high energy from the blue light ? Would you like to suggest some other possible reasons for me, thank you.

My teacher asked my class to do a homework to find the properties of hydrogen. I want to know that why once hydrogen atoms combines with other non-metal atoms, it shares its electrons instead of losing it?

But, does the bond of the NO3 is ionic bond? And also, why in H2O molecule, it is bonded with covalent bond but not ionic bond, doesn't that hydrogen atoms lose electron for oxygen because of the strong electrostatic force of attraction from the strong nucleus of oxygen. What provided for the condition?

Thank you. Anyway, is it true that carbonic acid dissolve in the chloroplast?

My internet explorer 6.0 has problem. I want to reinstall it, but I don't know the steps. Please teach me

How does a sea is covered with ice? Isn't that warmer water flows upward and cold water sink?

How does a car convert diesel or petrol into energy? I think it does not use the thermal turbine, does it ?

Thank you. Your explanation helps me a lot. However, I have still a question. Would you like to answer me? Is Covalent compound is compound? Is ion a compound or element? If ion is a not a compound, then why is polyatomic ion a covalent compound? Cation combines with anion to form ionic compound,right? Actually, maybe I don't have the clear concept about ionic compound and convalent compound? I am actually a questional boy..

Everthing can reflect. And we can see our face when a glass in front of us. Then, is that is internal reflection only, and does not have the reflection like mirror?

Einstein had a question when he was 14. That question was "When I fly (in vacuum and without gravity) towards in space with light speed (30km/s), then I take my mirror in front of me, will I see my mirror((in terms of physical words, his face emits light and strike the mirror and then back into his eye))?" After some periods of time, he got the answer, that is yes. Until now , I still don't know why it is possible. Relativity stated that nothing is faster than light, then what makes the lights from his face are fast enough to reach the mirror moving with light speed? I beg experts can help me solve it.

Thank you, now I recognised that stems have chlorophyll.

Would anyone help solve my questions? 1.Are all polyatomic ions have covalent bonds(the electrostatic forces between the shared electrons and bonded atoms)? 2.Are they covalent compound? 3.Like ammonium(NH4), how does it exist? 4.Why aren't they have 0 charged? 5.How to estimate the charge of them?

Is that true only leaves have chlorophyll? Do stems or other animals have c lorophyll?

Thank you very much. May I ask other questions? Does light reaction and dark reaction occur in the same position of an chloroplast? How does the oxygen molecule leave the leave after the light-dependent stage? Is that true "only leaves have chlorophyll."? I hope experts would like to help me to solve my brain questions.

Thanks. By the way, I want to ask how carbon dioxide becomes liquid? And does soda water is a mixture or compound?