DrDNA

Karona et al synthesized a complete gene chemically in 1970 (for which Karona won a Nobel Prize). It was a HUGE undertaking at the time mostly because of the adsence of automated DNA synthesizers. I don't see this as significant beyond that achievement except Venter and his cohorts have access to massively paralleled, high speed automated DNA synthesizers. Consequently, I consider this a simple matter of scale up. Of course that is my subjective opinion and there is a chance I could be underestimating the achievement, but at this point in time, that is how I see it.

LOL. Shouldn't try to blog while cooking dinner.....

Oh my. It is an organization for the blind that is asking to do something about the quiteness of the hybrid vehicles. Besides hearing, what sense do you suggest that the blind should use to detect the presence of motor vehicles ?

Perhaps something not so extreme would work......along the lines of an ACS certified chemistry program. It is no more broad or heterogeneous than chemistry. I was a biology undergrad that got his PhD in chemistry so I believe that I do have some insight. Every biologist should know certain fundamentals....stats is one area sorely lacking in many programs. Certainly basic bench skills and working knowledge of the basic tools of the trade are important. Many bio graduates lack these.

I heard about this on the radio in the truck yesterday and they (the omniscent "they") stated that they're probably going to put some type of minimal noise making device on the hybrids to alert the viusally impaired of their presence. I vote for a "vroom...vroom...chock... bock.. bing...." sound. One of those things snuck up on me while I was out tricking with the kids last halloween. It was right on me before I knew and it scared the heck out of me.

Well, "There's a hole in my head where the wind blows in....." I can't remember who sang that....ELO?

There is an interesting TV series on the Discovery Science Channel called "Time". It is hosted by a Japanese-American physicist whose name escapes me....anyway, they showed a study to simulate time "slowing". They gave a guy a digital display that he wore on his arm that flashed 2 digit numbers too fast to tell what the numbers actually were. Then they dropped this guy from 30 stories into a net and had him watch the display on his arm on the way down. Amazingly, his could tell what 2 digit numbers were displayed as he was falling. The stated that it is linked to the frontal cortex and adenaline. It was very interesting. You might want to try and catch the series sometimes.

Definitely graphically.

Foam comes to mind.

Pioneer, Blood cells, other cells and certain bacteria have an enzyme (catalase) that dissociates H2O2. A wound contains a lot of blood cells and damaged cells that leak the catalase. When H2O2 contacts the catalase, it rapidly turns it into O2 and water. These are the bubbles you see. http://www.h2o2.com/h2o2update/pgarticles/tinybubbles.html Anerobic bacteria (many of which are pathogens) do not have the enzyme to convert the peroxide into water and oxygen, so it kills them. This sterile environment promotes wound healing. Regarding your hypothesis on wound healing and acid. I believe that you are missing a cause and effect relationship here. If you have any data to support it, I would certainly be interested in reading it.

"Too high". I completely, respectfully disagree. A BS biology or biotech graduate should absolutely know sterile techniques, how to use the basic tools of the trade, and proper documentation. They also need a basic understanding of statistics. In my opinion, I believe that this (stats) is probably the most important thing most programs are missing. They need to understand how to work in the trade, have a hands-on basic understanding of the tools of the trade, and certainly know how to properly document and analyze their own or others' data.... no matter what they are planning to do after the degree. These are basic necessities. What kind of programs are graduating students without these basic skills? I know they exist, but I'd like to know in order to avoid their grads. Without these basic skills, they are good for flipping burgers maybe....but not holding down jobs as associate research scientists (or even technicians). I definitely won't hire them....never have...never will. They would need to take some more hands-on labs or regular classes and/or work out of a temp agency for a while first. "Too high"? How can you make this statement? Why would you settle for hiring people with these deficincies? As long as they are being hired, the programs won't change. BTW: I agree that cGMP, cGTP, and clean room regulations and standards can be learned on the job......or in electrive programs...but htey would certainly be a positive factor in a hiring decision.

Something along these lines would help....... "Engineering licensure laws vary from state to state, but, in general, to become a PE an individual must be a graduate of an engineering program accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, pass the Fundamentals of Engineering exam, gain four years of experience working under a PE, and pass the Principles and Practice of Engineering exam. A state engineering licensure board regulates the licensed practice of engineering within a state. The National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE), in conjunction with its state societies and chapters, represents the interests of PEs nationwide." http://www.nspe.org/aboutnspe/ab1-what.asp

I'm sorry but didn't you state that earthquakes cause global warming because of the exhaust or fumes from resue/clean up vehicles and equipment that are used in the aftermath? If I misunderstood that I appologize ............................... ...................................................but if I didn't misunderstand, ROFL.

From Glider's link: "Doctors, today, have been taught that trepanation was done in past centuries for superstitious, magical or religious reasons. They generally look on trepanation as a practice akin to blood letting. They scoff at it. They deny that trepanation could have a reasonable basis. They fear that to practice trepanation would demean their professional status. They have stated that they wouldn't undertake it if their lives depended on it. And further, trepanation can't be investigated by any individual doctor because a board must be set up to approve all research projects connected to universities and hospitals. " Doctors are no fun at all... CMiles, Re: "3. Finally, DNA is attracted and bonded to gold. "Gene-guns" in stem cell manipulation use DNA coated gold to fire little bits in developing stem cell nuclei. So, the question here is: What effect does gold have on DNA?" The DNA is not "bonded" tightly to the gold. The point here is that the DNA is non specifically absorbed (or adsorbed; I can never keep those 2 straight) to the surface of the gold and is lightly adhered via the hetercyclic bases in order that gold just acts as carrier so that the DNA can come off quit easily inside the cells and do it's work on the target. If the DNA was modified with thiols (sulphur) or somthing with greater affinity for nobel metals (like poly pyrole) then it would be bonded tightly to the gold.

I'm sure that was the case and I certainly will not dispute it. Since I have only read about Soviet spies, heard about them in a classroom, or seen them on TV, etc ....... this is still correct . Perception is very often accurate.

Interesting. Along those lines, right before my son was born, a study came out that stated that listening to Mozart would boost a child's intelligence, so I played it all the time when he was in the womb and when he was small. 5 years later these guys say that I wasted my time....but the boy is turning out GREAT.....certainly did no harm.....he is REALLY smart and plays piano now. "Mozart's nice but doesn't increase IQs (WebMD) -- The news stories sounded like, well, music to the ears when researchers at the University of California, Irvine reported in 1993 that college students could raise their IQs by listening to a few soaring bars of a Mozart sonata. But there's a problem with the concept of classical music as sort of a Gatorade for the brain. According to two studies reported in this week's issue of the journal Nature, classical music has no ability to increase basic intelligence in adults or children. The 1993 finding set off many parents who reasoned that if classical music could enhance college students' intelligence, then babies might benefit as well -- even if they didn't start composing piano pieces by the age of 6 as Mozart had, said Kenneth Steele, associate professor of psychology at Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina and the author of one of the two new studies. Suddenly compact discs with titles such as "The Mozart Effect" and "Baroque for Baby" began appearing in the nursery, he said. Former Georgia Gov. Zell Miller was so impressed by the research that, in 1998, he played "Ode to Joy" for legislators and requested 105,000 dollars to give classical-music compact discs to parents of all newborns in the state. "The Mozart effect is pretty much on the wallet of the parents who are buying the CDs," Steele said. "There's no special effect on baby." The study: Double-time Steele repeated the original study in which college students listened to Mozart's "Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major" for 10 minutes, then performed complicated visual tasks that involved cutting and folding paper. The students who listened to the sonata did no better than control groups who listened to other types of music or simply relaxed before taking the test. "The experiment is not very complicated," he said. "If there is a Mozart effect, it should have shown up." In the second study, Christopher F. Chabris, a research fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, reviewed 16 previous studies involving 714 subjects that compared the IQ-boosting effects of the Mozart recording. The result: Statistically insignificant increases in the ability to complete tasks requiring spatial visualization skills and abstract reasoning, Chabris said. "If listening to Mozart improves cognitive performance at all, it's by improving overall cognitive arousal and concentration," he said. "It shouldn't be viewed as an intellectual miracle drug." Holding the note Frances Rauscher, co-author of the original study, said that many researchers who tried to repeat the experiment failed because they measured the effect on general intelligence instead of on spatial-temporal abilities, or the ability to identify various shapes. She added that she was unfamiliar with Steele's research. But Rauscher, now assistant professor of cognitive development at the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, agrees with her critics on one point: There is no evidence that playing Mozart in the nursery is going to raise an infant's IQ. The researchers who did the original study in 1993 never claimed it would. "I'm horrified -- and very surprised -- over what has happened," she said. "It's a very giant leap to think that if music has a short-term effect on college students that it will produce smarter children. When we published the study results, we didn't think anyone would care. The whole thing has really gotten out of hand." Ad libitum: Individual style Mozart won't work because there's no one way -- and certainly no one right way--to increase a child's intelligence, experts say. Claire Lerner, a child-development specialist at ZERO TO THREE, a nonprofit organization devoted to providing information on childhood development, said that children react to different types of stimulation. The important thing is for parents to relax, get to know their babies and see what stimulus produces a favorable response. "The major message is there is not one right kind of stimulation. There are individual differences in children. They learn in different ways," she said. "If someone says, this is it -- whether it's Mozart or a mobile -- alarm bells should go off." http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9908/25/mozart.iq/

Ha ha ha ha......YOU are too funny yourself fatty.....ha ha ha... "Scientists already suspected birds' eyes contain molecules that are thought to sense Earth's magnetic field. In a new study, German researchers found that these molecules are linked to an area of the brain known to process visual information. Do Birds Use Magnetic Field to Plan Migration Routes? In that sense, "birds may see the magnetic field," said study lead author Dominik Heyers, a biologist at the University of Oldenburg. "An animal that has to migrate over great distances needs to have both a compass and a map," said Cordula Mora, a biologist who recently completed her postdoctoral research at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. ......... The new research helps explain how this natural compass may work. Heyers and his colleagues injected migratory garden warblers with a special dye that can be traced as it travels along nerve fibers. The team put one type of tracer dye into the eyes and another in a region of the brain called Cluster N, which is most active when birds orient themselves. When the birds got their bearings, both tracers traveled to and met in the thalamus, a region in the middle of the brain responsible for vision. .................... ...Also.........Mora's work suggests that birds may use magnetic crystals in their beaks to sense the intensity of the magnetic field and thus glean information on their physical location. (Related news: "Magnetic Beaks Help Birds Navigate, Study Says" [November 24, 2004].) "If you have a compass, you know where north, south, east, [and] west [are], but you don't know where you are, so you don't know where you should be going," she said. Study author Heyers said "both [map and compass] systems may act in concert." http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/09/070927-magnetic-birds.html Plus, maybe you need to actually read Farsight's link. Ha ha ha......

When I was young, we didn't have any of these new fangled, portable music playing contraptions......we had to make our own music by beating rocks and sticks together......when we weren't too busy doing something important like killing wolly mammoths or inventing fire.

You're saying that earthquakes are a major factor in global warming because buildings explode and the exhaust gases from the medical/emergency/aid/resue workers' vehicles and heavy equipment? Well, I'll be darned.

Do you think teachers are pretty? Do you want to marry a teacher? Moooooo....

"Customs"? "Guy"? Read. http://wbztv.com/topstories/local_story_264104114.html

You would? I think it's all relative. They are both pretty nasty. Mercury is banned from most places nowadays...but semiconductor sites use HF by the drumloads every day. HF will attack the Ca in your bones and the Ca in rest of your body.....causing havoc. Mercury is a potent neorotoxin..... Pick your posion.......use caution.

"Scientists" huh? Well, that certainly explains it..... From your link: "Distinguished and controversial British astronomer, mathematician, popularizer of science, and novelist, who rejected the 'big bang' theory. "Every cluster of galaxies, every star, every atom had a beginning, but the universe itself did not," Hoyle claimed. He coined the phrase "big bang" to mock the opposing model, according to which the universe originated from a spontaneous explosion. Hoyle also suggested that life had a cosmic, not terrestrial origin, and viruses could originate from certain meteor streams. He supported the anthropic principle, holding that there is a design in creation: the universe was designed in such a way as to produce life. "Our existence dictates how the universe shall be," he stated, and added, "a fine ego-boosting point of view on which you may travel, fare paid, to conferences all over the world." Besides scientific works, Hoyle published many science fiction novels, written in collaboration with his son, Geoffrey Hoyle." AND "From his childhood he has mysteriously felt connected with the universe. Being a Buddhist the idea of life having a cosmic connection was in tune with his philosophy. Some years ago he told me, "the idea of life being a cosmic phenomenon is fully in tune with Buddhist as well as Vedic philosophy. Ancient Buddhist texts described inhabited circling distant suns, collections of suns to form greater world systems , collections of world systems and so on. I have surely been inspired by these philosophies throughout my scientific studies." A graduate of the University of Ceylon. He later joined the Cambridge University on a Commonwealth scholarship and did his PhD under the late Sir Fred Hoyle, one of the best astronomers of the 20th century. He was later awarded the university’s highest doctorate for science, the prestigious Scd. He was decorated by the President of Sri Lanka with the title "Vidya Jothi". He came to Cardiff University in Wales in 1973 and organized a new department of astronomy that became one of the top astronomy centers in Europe. Prof. Chandra Wickramasinghe and the late Sir Fred Hoyle were later awarded the Dag Hammarskjöld Gold medal for Science After thirty 33 years of work as the professor of astronomy and mathematics, Chandra Wickramasinghe is the world’s leading exponent of the theory known as panspermia- the science that teaches earth and other planets in the universe may have been seeded for life by microorganisms carrying comets. Before Chandra Wickremesinghe scientists thought that huge obscuring clouds in deep space like the horse head nebula were made up of ice particles. But his untiring research showed the particles were mainly made of carbon- a form of a substance that was connected with life- a freeze dried dormant bacteria. Wickramasinghe calls them our genetic ancestors. When he first came out with this theory, extremely harsh criticism was leveled against him. Some even called the theory pseudo- science. Chandra Wickramasinghe thinks if there was no Sir Fred Hoyle, one of the greatest astronomers of the last century, stood by him his theory would have certainly been put out of existence. He and the late Fred Hoyle were later awarded the Dag Hammarskjöld Gold medal for Science. Chandra Wickramasinghe has made his theory of panspermia the mainstream in the new science of astrobiology - a link between astronomy and biology. To celebrate his new theories, the Cardiff university was holding a scientific seminar to discuss the new view of the world of science that boldly said that life did not start in a primordial soup spontaneously here on earth as believed earlier but it started 4000 million years ago on comets and traveled through space to earth and countless other planets. With the participation of nearly 40 scientists from all over the world the seminar was held from September 5 entitled, Unraveling of Our Cosmic Ancestry. "

You're not going to get a lot of help with that attitude bucko.

"Dull"? Your marketing style and enthusiasm seems familiar. Do you work in my marketing dept?