MrSandman

You know what I'm going to say is off topic like usual, but here I go. Matter had to be created. There's no other explanation, now, How? is another issue, but irrefutably matter had to be created.How else could it come into existence? Something had to be nothing before it became so. Atleast to our knowledge something had to come from something, so where did the first something come from? Mind boggling, only a fool wouldn't think so.

YY here!!!

Punnette squares!!!!!! Look it up then do it. Use it only if you know the parents genes.

hmmmmmm, yeah you can only see so closely with a microscope before you need an electrone microscope.

Okay, try this cimbidle giffle serric

What is it in? In the first place the question is like saying you have 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 somethings. Doesn't make since.

you want my outline?????? Don't have didn't require, but here's a quick one Title: Papaver somniferum: The Medicinal uses of Opium Introduction: The history of Opium Poppy The importance of Opium poppy Body: The plant The drugs The side effects of the drug Conclusion: The summing it up. The exploiting the contraversy My view (with support)

Thanks alot for your suggestions. However I have gotten alot more done since the last time I checked this. My topic is the medicinal uses for opium poppy. I'm dicussing the golden standard of the opiates: morphine. The bad side of opium: it's immunosupressive effects. Levodopa (L-dopa) is one of the opiates I'm dicussing mainly as a treatment for Parkinson. Also I heard that morphine is used in treating anemia (sickle-cell). Then of course where would a term paper be with out the darkest product Heroin (Which I haven't started writting on). Here's what I have so far tell me what you think. Papaver Somniferum: The Medicinal Uses of Opium Poppy Introduction Poppy-seeds a word commonly associated with a muffin, but however the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) has been affecting the world in more ways then that of a muffin. Opium poppy has been formed into eighty different drugs (fig 1.2) such as codeine, morphine, L-dopa (Levodopa), reticuline, and diacetylmorphine (heroin). The opium poppy is one of the earliest of domesticated plants. The earliest civilization to use the poppy was the Sumerians of Mesopotamia they called it the Hul Gil which means “joy plant” (www 1). The Sumerians later introduced it to the Babylonians and the Egyptians. At this time it was consider mostly a magical drug used to see the future. This was probable because opium gave nightmares and dreams when taken. In 400 BC Hippocrates, a Greek physician often considered the “Father of Medicine”, discovered that the plant could be used to treat disease and relieve pain.(Term Paper) Two thousand years later the economic value of poppies increased so much that it lead to the first Opium War in China(1838-1842) and the second (1856-1860). (Opium a Model System.) To understand opium poppy’s mankind use it is important to understand how the parts of the plants affect a human body; both negatively and positively. The main drug used from the plant is morphine; a narcotic analgesic used for relieving chronic pain. Then there is the street drug called Heroin that affects youth of America, and entire countries like Afghanistan. The uses for opium are not limited to a pain reliever and getting a high. Opiates have also been useful in treating Parkinson’s disease, Sickle-cell Anemia, and more ideas for treatment with opium have been started. The uses of opium are numerous; they range from a simple pain killer to a fatal drug. The understanding of the medicinal use of opium is important, and the understanding of the “street” abuse (i.e. heroin) is also important. Discussion Even though this paper is on the medicinal uses of Opium poppy I find it important to understand a little about the structure of the plant. Opium poppy, Papaver somniferum (figure 1.1), is an erect annual dicot. The plant usually has a white, purple, or pink terminal flower. The leaves are alternating and netted. The flowers’ petals (five or more) are usually quite large and tissue like. (Gov Site) The petals surround the unripe fruit capsule until the fruit capsule matures; then the petals fall off. They have the highest concentration of distribution across Europe and in the Middle East (i.e. Afghanistan), and are usually found in cultivated areas. The plant is actually fairly hardy and can and does grow wild in northern America. However, in the United States it is illegal to cultivate them, because of the prospect of making heroin. There is, however, subspecies of the Opium poppy that are commonly called garden poppies, which can be grown.(North Carolina) Most of the opium poppy’s organs have medicinal uses. However, most of the chemicals derived from the plant are opiates. Opiates are drugs that contain opium, are drugs derived from opium, or have any drug that has opium like activity. (Mosby) Opium (i.e. morphine) Opium is a milky exudate from the ripened seed capsule of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). The exudate is then dried in formed into a powder or crystal. Then it is refined and usually formed into the “golden standard” of opiates: morphine. Morphine is a Greek name derived from the Greek god Morpheus; god of dreams. 9.5% of milky latex from the Opium seed capsule is anhydrous (crystallized) morphine (Mosby), a narcotic analgesic. . Morphine is commonly used to relieve severe chronic pain. Being a narcotic the drug can have immediate adverse responses, so when it is administered it requires immediate supervision by a doctor or another qualified health care professional. Morphine acts on the central nervous system to cause depression, and euphoric stimulation. It depresses the part of the brain that controls motor function and the respiratory system resulting in slowed breathing. Also it stimulates the spinal cord to give pain relief, and it is also stored in skeletal muscle. Morphine doesn’t give a total relief from pain, but it does make the pain more bearable, and is still the leading pain reliever for chronic pain in the medical field. Recently, in the past five years, a lot of research was conducted, by Petter Facchini, David Bird, Richard Bourgault, Jillian Hagel, David Liscombe, Benjamin MacLeod, and Katherine Zulak, to find biosynthetic pathways of morphine and other alkaloids in opium poppy. These scientists, after researching other discoveries and conducting many experiments, concluded that morphine’s enzymes responsible for making morphine collected in the sieve tube elements from the phloem, parenchyma, root cortex, and laticifers. From the sieve tubes the chemical is disperse throughout plant, but the main concentration in that of the unripe capsule of the opium poppy. The chemical process that takes place between the enzymes of morphine production is still not understood and more research is needed. (Opium Model). Opium Dependency Opium has its positive sides, but it also has its negative sides. On of which is Opium dependency. In Sri Lanka a study was done, by Ranjith Chandrasena, on fifty patients to study the withdrawal symptoms of opium, and to discover why people become dependant on opium. Thirty-one patients used opium for relief from physical aliments. Sixteen patients used it for the “great feeling.” Three other patients used opium as a replacement for alcohol. Two of the three patients successfully replaced alcohol with opium. The third became addicted to both: opium, and alcohol. He discovered that most of the patients didn’t get any pleasure from the drug after six months, but that they kept using it to ward of the withdrawal symptoms. The patients had withdrawal effects of insomnia, muscular cramps, anorexia, aches and pains, lethargy, and a severe craving for opium. The symptoms usually peak within 24-28 hours after the last dose of opium, and the symptoms usually last for 2-21 days. The symptoms of opium of withdrawal seemed like a reason to stay on opium, but it didn’t seem to restrict who could come off opium. However, a patient among the patients was a diabetic using insulin once token off opium became uncontrollable and went into a coma. He came out of the coma two weeks later, but died two weeks later of uraemia (a kidney infection). Also a patient with third degree haemorrhoids began to bleed constantly, but later stopped after medical attention was given. Chandrasena concluded that a person’s health should be evaluated before withdrawal of opium should take place (Chandrasena 1980). Why does the medical field restrict the use of opiates? The medical field restricts use of opiates because opiates, like Methadone, can cause inhibitory effects on humoral and cellular immune system responses. The main way it affects the immune system is by decreasing the production of Lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood-cells (Immune Opioid). These cells produce proteins called antibodies, which are the main defense against antigens (wiki). Consequently, the decrease of lymphocytic production causes the whole systems cellular immunity to be reduced. This effect on the immunes system has also been proven to increase cancer progression in animals (Immune). Also opioids activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) that causes the production of noradrenalin and glucocorticoids in organs. Noradrenalin and glucocorticoids cause the body to go into the, “fight or flight” response by increasing the flow of blood to the organs, and the secretion of adrenaline. This response is good if the body is in danger, but otherwise it only causes more stress to the immune system (wiki). However, opiates are very useful in relieving pain and slowing the hyperventilation of a person suffering from a severe injury, but they will cause a patient with an already immunity deficient system to become worse. Patients that have cancer, undergone a drastic surgery, has HIV, or has other chronic illnesses show that when they are placed on Morphine have a longer recovery time then those who not placed on the drug. The drug however might be the only drug that suits the immediate purpose, which is true in most chronic illnesses. In those cases the drug should be administered, but the treatment should not be prolonged because it will cause a drastic decline in immunity over time. In other illnesses and surgeries that don’t have long recovery time the drug has been shown to help and when used over short period doesn’t have adverse effects on the immune system. Further studies, however, are needed for the complete understanding of the effects of opiates on the immune system. (Immune). Levodopa: The Parkinson’s Disease Treatment Drug Levodopa, an opiate also called L-dopa, is a medication commonly used to treat Parkinson’s disease (Drug Reference 1995). Parkinson’s disease is motor system disease that usually persists of tremors in hands, arms, legs, jaw and face. The also have stiffness in the limbs and trunk, which is accompanied by slow movement of the body. Other pronounced symptoms include difficulty walking, talking, and completing simple tasks. The disease gets worse over a long period of time and eventually leads to death (Healthlink). L-dopa has become the leading drug in treating the disease by slowing down the effects of Parkinson Disease; consequently, increasing motor function (Drug Reference 1995). Levodopa with it’s dopamine like characteristics replaces the dopamine needed in the brain. However, the amount of receptors for the drug decreases, so the process is slowed and not halted. It's still rough, but It looks alot nicer double-spaced. There also some citations that aren't in.

Hey everyone I'd like suggestions for what to write about Opium poppy in my term paper. Here's a sample of what I have right now. Iwouldn't even call a rough draft so don't critique it just offer suggestions on what else to cover. Or anything you would like to know about Opium Poppy. Papaver Somniferum: The Medicinal Uses Introduction Poppy-seeds are commonly associated with a muffin, but however the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) has been affecting the world in more ways then that of a muffin. Opium poppy has been formed into eighty different drugs (fig 1.1) such as codeine, morphine, L-dopa (Levodopa), and diacetylmorphine (heroin). The opium poppy is one of the earliest of domesticated plants. The Greeks discovered that the unripe capsules of the poppy could calm and ease the pain of a patient. Two thousand years later the economic value of poppies increased so much that it lead to the first Opium War (1838-1842), and the second (1856-1860). The uses of opium are numerous; they range from a simple pain killer to a fatal drug. The understanding of the medicinal use of opium is important, and the understanding of the “street” abuse is also important. The opium poppy is a useful tool of medicine, and also a destructive tool of the streets. The plant Opium poppy, Papaver somniferum (figure 1.1), is an erect annual plant that usually has a white, purple, or pink terminal flower, and alternating leaves. The flowers’ petals (five or more) are usually quite large and tissue like. The petals surround the unripe fruit capsule until the fruit capsule matures; then the petals fall off. There are distributed across Europe and in the Middle East (Afghanistan), and are usually found in cultivated areas. However, in the United States it is illegal to cultivate them. There is, however, subspecies of the Opium poppy that are commonly called garden poppies, which can be grown. Most of the opium poppy’s organs have medicinal uses. However, most of the chemicals derived from the plant are opiates. Opiates are drugs that contain opium, are drugs derived from opium, or have any drug that has opium like activity. Opium an immune system suppressor Opium, a liquid from unripe capsules of the opium poppy, has been found to be immunosuppressive. Morphine, which will be discuss more thoroughly, Main Active Drug of Opium: Morphine 9.5% of the Opium capsule is anhydrous (crystallized) morphine (Mosby), a narcotic analgesic. Morphine is a Greek name derived from the Greek god Morpheus; god of dreams. Morphine acts on the central nervous system to cause depression, and euphoric stimulation (a great feeling). It depresses the part of the brain that controls motor function (the motor cortex), and the respiratory system resulting in slowed breathing. Yet, it stimulates the spinal cord to give pain relief, and it is also stored in skeletal muscle. Morphine doesn’t give a total relief from pain, but it does make the pain more bearable. Uses of Morphine Morphine: Dependence It is also possible to become dependant on Morphine in Sri lanka a test

Thanks for the help, but I already used that one. I now want to find more information on Sanguinarine a chemical produced from P. Somniferum.

Hey,this is MrSandman, I'm working on a term paper for botany, and I need really solid sources on Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum ) I've found quite a few, but I need all my sources to be journal entries, and I need a journal entry that just describes the plant. Write down any suggestions on finding the url.

Take gasoline and disolve alot of styrofoam into it untill it is a paste. Becarefull not enhail the fumes. Poor the paste into a sealable container and make a fuse, say by dipping a roll of toilet paper in it. roll the toilet paper out about 30ft from the container light the toilet paper and watch the container explode. Awwww, but it looks like you must have already got one.

Wissen gibt Kraft. I just thought of it cause I just read it. I have no previous knowledge of Wissen gibt Kraft. You have to start somewhere? right?

That's interest, but I think with enough combining of the 64 million colors you could see a higher detail than just 16 mil. But really pointless, I agree. Your eyes my pick up the difference, but you probably won't.

Use a anti-virus program that actually destroys viruses. I work off and on for a company named localtel. They have a free download at nwi.net for anti virus.

No but if I say I'm a non-believer of Yourdadonapogos having a Zephram Cochrane Statue in his closet. Then that puts me a catagory of religion those who believe as I do. Your using something that I never heard of. So therefore I didn't believe or not believe that it existed. You assumed that I didn't believe it existed, at least if "No?" was suppose to be "No.". I found a medium a state of unawareness. If you are confronted with this question. Do you believe in_____? You can not answer, because you don't know what ____ is? There you don't believe or not believe in it. Ah, so here is something: if somebody doesn't know anything he can not have a religion. That is the only way I see that you cannot have a religion. ____=the action of not saying.

I really don't believe in the big bang it just seems too radical to be possible, and there is too many questions unanswered about the big bang theory.

Uh, hum, I'm positive that life doesn't have a purpose, unless you give it one.

athiest translated means that they don't believe in God or a god. A person may also have more defining factors, but by not believing in God that puts a definition on them as being an athiest. Not believing is a belief.

It's a system of beliefs, whether you like it or not, making it a religion. I know a lot of theology majors. Consequently, Atheism believe in a higher being, themeselves. And how is it like saying all christians are Mormons? All Mormons are christian, well sort of not exactly. Oh, I'd like to say something: It's good to be back, guys. ;-)

Go to to tools (click) go down to folder options (click). You will see a box with tabs at the top one will say view (click). There will be an advance settings box. You should see an option to view hidden files.

Isn't it bassically just the way something varies? So differentation would be used to find differences in everything, but since your talking math. I would say you could use it for Exponential decay and growth. Me personally I like to use it with the reaction rate of enzymes.

Let me ask this question: How can you hate Religion? Despite the very narrow view of a dictionary religion is just what you believe whether you can put a name to you beliefs is totally different. By saying your a christian you are putting a word to a catagory of people who share similiar beliefs. This is a called a religion. An athiest meaning "No God" means you put yourself into a catagory of those who BElIEVE there isn't a God. Therefore Atheism is also a religion, so basically everyone has a religion of their own.

Hey everyone, haven't been here for a while, I've been really busy with finales, but every thing is going well. Anything new that I should know about? Oh, not to mention Retrovirus Reasearch is awesome. Anyone who knows a lot about it should start a thread. In fact I should change my name to Retrovirus (Complementation)

Hey, I posted on here a while back, but I discovered it was much easier than I thought. Our project is almost done it it's pretty neat the way proteins form.