thedarkshade

I think what you need to know are the oxidation numbers, and there are some rules there: 1.The sum of oxidation number in a molecule should be 0 2.The oxidation number of elements in elementary conditions is 0 (oxidation nr of [ce]O2[/ce] is 0) 3.Hydrogen's oxidation number is always +1 except in hydrures (ignore the writing) when it's oxidation number is -1 4.Oxygen's oxidation number is always -2, except peroxides where it's oxidation number is -1, and some other cases like [ce]KO2[/ce](superoxide) when it's oxidation number is 1/2. Examples: [ce]NaNO2[/ce] --Na is +1, N is +3 and O is -2. As there are two atoms of O then we have -4 for oxygen. If the add them together we get: +1 +3 -4 = 0. And there we get 0 (look rule 1) [ce]H2SO4[/ce] --H is +1, S is 6+ and O is -2. As we have two atoms of H then its oxidation nr here us +2 and as we have four atoms of O, its oxidation nr here is -8. We add them together as we get: +2+6-8=0. See! [ce]Ca(OH)2[/ce] you might ask why brackets and why 2 after. This is because OH itself is -1 and Ca is +2, so we'd get a +1 molecule here. So we put OH in brackets and put 2 after so that 2 multiplies the -1 on top to get -2. And then we'd have -2+2=0. If there is anything you need more just let me know. Cheers, Shade

A photon does not have a rest mass. If photon had a rest mass, the energy needed to make it reach the speed it does now © is infinite. Haven't you ever seen a tree, or something struck by lightning? The look you get is the same as it had suffered an explosion. And explosion is nothing but the sudden release of energy. No, it tells the enormous amount of energy stored in mass!

Yes Pangloss, our status is currently not defined, but we are expecting it to happen this three month period. It's been a hard time for all of us going through the negotiations with serbians, but it seems that there is light at the end of the tunnel. And soon the article in Wiki will no longer say Kosova is within Serbia (actually in a moral way it never was) Cheers, Shade

Is this an introduction or what? If so, I think it must be made here. Cheers, Shade

Oh, OK! Didn't know that! That is the kind of stuff we do at my place. Thanks for letting me know swansont!

What do you mean S for area? If you don't mind explaining a little more.

You know, you'll probably will laugh at this, but one of my thoughts (weird ones) came to my mind as I read the title of this thread. Here's what I'm thinking. The formula for pressure is [math]p=\frac{F}{S}[/math], and as the formula in this case is circular then S is actually [math]S=\pi r^2[/math]. So the formula would now look like this: [math]p=\frac{F}{\pi r^2}[/math]

Actually I stay late like that every night (usually), doing stuffs in my lab! But is there a particular effect in the memory. Because I have difficulties to recall after sleeping a lot! And when I get little sleep I never have the problem! (Maybe I shouldn't sleep after all:P:P)

Interesting!

Yes! Kosovar to be more exact. Kosova is a country surrounded by Serbia, Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro! In the period 98-99 we were in war with Serbia. And this is the reason I was touched by the statemetn "...by a Serbian". That's an offense for me!

The spread of sound is actually nothing but the spread of vibrations from one molecule to another. A definition I found best for waves (as we're dealing with sound waves) is that waves represent the spread of shakes on an elastic medium. Air has the feature of being elastic as the molecules can move freely. And as sound is spread with the "transport" of vibrations from one molecule to another, then while transporting the vibration, molecules hit each other and a result is the generation of heat. But that's just too little to measure (like 5614 said)

Tell me about it!

What do you mean by a Serbian????

It decays a lot faster, so yes! But it's just the half-life, it may last longer!

I think there are approximately 2 billion neurons, and as IA said, only about 10% are firing at the same time! This fact surprises a lot of people, and once a friend of my asked why can't we use 100% of the brain. Imagine a big field with 2 billion people on it, and each person knows 10000 other people. And imagine each one of them talking to other 10000 people at the same time! Sound quite absurd doesn't it!! Well, that 100% of brain usage. Cheers, Shade

Yeah right, look under biography of Phi for All's public profile!

There you go again! If you were in a school with 9000 students and all were males, wouldn't you be surprised?

Oh great, this one too! I hope the outer part is made of soft material so you can have a place to grab:P:P!

Well the bad thing is that America has suffered from this war. This is Bush's war, not America's!

You know what, I'll stop posting at this thread! And as for the friendship, any time mate;)!

OK anyways! But his potatoes seem to be funny!

We discuss here right? And in discussions opinions are shown. Well that's what I'm doing, but it seems that my passion toward philosophy makes that look like I'm forcing to agree with me. No! I can't and don't won't to do that! What I have just posted above is the philosophical view of consciousness! For many philosophy means just words. Perhaps it is like that, but it's got words enough to come to very logical conclusions! But again, MY OPINION is that humans are far away from sharing consciousness with animals. That's my philosophy of consciousness! Perhaps a philosopher could help here!

Scared? Like scared not to be able to participate "strong" enough in discussions? ADD: Oh come on swansont, please tell us the story! It seems to be quite funny one! After all, this section is about discussing anything (cops and potatoes too)!

Holly Grail guardians! But looks like one betrayed them, Marie Kyri! Cool funny theory:D:D:D:D:! EDIT: C'mon Phi for All, we deserve the full story? Or will swansont do that?!

Interaction, yes, something that all known organisms have. But the view of consciousness is a little different. Consciousness is a subject about which has been spoken for a long time and the debate about it between philosophers still goes on. I'm saying between philosophers because I doubt consciousness could be explained mathematically and get simplified into one equation. The issue of consciousness is a complicated one which goes out of the frames of philosophy and is a subject of study of psychology, medicine, psychiatry etc. One thing that all philosophers agree about consciousness, is that before solving this issue, they must solve another issue which is the relation between spirit and the body (I know that sounds crazy to a physicist or to a mathematician but this is the view of consciousness). And related to the issue of spirit and body, there have been some theories like dualism (Descartes), epiphenomenalism, monoism, paralelism etc. There have also been cases when the existence of consciousness was doubted (Karl Gustav Jung), and as philosophers (or psychologists or psychiatrists) could not find or agree on one definition which would summarize the meaning of consciousness, then they decided to define consciousness only with metaphors. Ignoring other views, the conclusion for consciousness was that, it is a property of only human beings. It is "something" with which we judge the things in our surrounding world, we create impressions about them, when decide whether we want to get close or keep a distance with them. We change the world in the way that fits us. The concept of consciousness has often been related with knowledge. But there are also differences between the two. Knowledge has always a scientific background, is always rational, is always true. But consciousness does not have to complete those features. It can be irrational, it can be imaginary. Think of myths! They sure are irrational, but they do have a kind of logic and for sure anyone who wrote them was conscious. Consciousness if far more complicated than knowledge. Consciousness is natural (that's my opinion). When we have a headache we are conscious that our head aches, but we have no certain knowledge what caused that! Because of consciousness we have the ability to think far more advanced that any other living creatures. I know other animals (like bees and termites) can do some miracles but they are always the same pattern. In the other hand man-made stuff is always different, it's creative. Consciousness is a dynamic process. It is something that changes with time. We keep having different opinions about people according to the way they act! We keep having different opinions to our cars according to the way they work. Consciousness is affected by the social factor. The circumstances influence in the formation of our character! It's dynamic. And we have the ability to judge, create, destroy, modify, correct and many other because of the high capability of our brain. Everything we do is controlled by our brain (except instincts). Our brain is more developed than the brain of any other organism so far. This is why we are at the top of the evolution! This is why humans control the world instead of other animals. There are lots of animals are stronger than us, of faster that us, of taller than us, or heavier than us, so why don't they control the world? Why don't they rule the world? It's because their brain is not developed enough to do that! Why hasn't any animal proposed a theory yet? Why hasn't any animal solved any simple mathematical equation yet? Why haven't the animals made the concept "consciousness" but humans have? Why? And it is our brain capability that makes us rulers and the only creatures with conscience! Consciousness belongs to humans! Edit: excuse my writing but I didn't check it. If there are any grammatical errors, please ignore them! Cheers, Shade