jdurg

Water is NOT ionic. If it was, distilled water would carry an electrical current. Also, your drawing of CO2 is incorrect. It should be O=C=O which is nothing like water since water contains no double bonds. The electronegativity difference between hydrogen and oxygen is less than two, so the bond is considered polar covalent. Ionic bonds occur when the electronegativity difference between the two bonding atoms is greater than 2.0. A molecule, however, does not need to be ionic in order to generate ions when placed into a solution or involved in a reaction. Take HCl, HBr, HI, and most other acids, for instance. Those are all covalently bonded molecules, but when placed in solution they form ions.

No I haven't.

Well, if you're not doing anything illegal, then you have nothing to worry about. I've actually shown my element collection to the police and they just said "Oh. That's pretty neat. Sorry to bother you about all this". (This was when I was picking up a lot of Hazmat packages. The police were paying attention and just wanted to know why I was getting all those packages. I explained it to them and showed them, and they did not care at all and have left me alone). So unless you actually are doing a lot of illegal activities, then don't worry.

HOH is NOT ionic. There is no ionic bond whatsoever in there. Zero. Zilch. None. There is a strongly polar covalent bond, but zero ionic bonding. What happens when H+ meets OH- is that they combine and form a polar covalent bond. The bond exhibits covalent properties and not ionic.

A mass spectrometer would be pretty useless. A Flame Atomic Absorption machine would be much better. As for the tungsten possibility, it would cost someone far more money than they are currently making to get small bars of tungsten and have them gold plated. So it's very safe to say that it won't be tungsten.

It might be easier to just heat the tincture up and collect any iodine vapor on a glass plate with ice on it. This will give you pure, very fine, iodine crystals from the vapor. If you want to get the iodide ions to convert into iodine, you could just generate some chlorine gas and bubble that through the iodide solution, and then collect the iodine by heating the solution and collecting the crystals on an ice-cooled plate.

The feedback made me a bit nervous, but there was some valid explanations. Apparently the seller is a she, and not a he, and had recently given birth. While looking at the feedback prior to the supposed birth date, it all looks pretty good. The feedback complaining about the quality of the gold came from buyers with relatively little feedback. It will also be pretty easy to tell if its real 24 karat gold based upon the density. So there are plenty of ways to assure that it's real. One thing I will have to mention is that the shipping prices are exorbinantly high. That's unfortuneate, but if you're buying a large number of bars then it can make it not so bad. (Since the combined shipping on my two bars was only a dollar or so more than the regular shipping). So once the bars arrive, I'll let you guys know how real they are and how the transaction went.

Heh. Because I like having two arms, two legs, ten fingers, ten toes, and erm........... another special appendage.

If you want to get some nice, cheap 24 karat gold, take a look at the items for sale by auctionmaster45 on E-Bay. He ships out of Brooklyn, NY and constantly has Dutch Auctions for nice gold bars. I just picked up a couple of 2.0 gram gold bars for only 15.00 each. That's BELOW the spot price of gold!

It is remarkably dense. It also sounds amazing when it's sloshing around inside it's container. I too was floored by it when I bought a pound of it a while back. I was amazed, and intrigued, at how a pound of mercury only took up about 33 mL!

Lutetium is also up there in terms of "pricey and not much use for it".

When I got my nickel cube in the mail the other day it kind of shocked me how heavy that was. Nickel is pretty dense, but you never can realize that until you hold a big block of it. It's always fun getting elements in the mail. Over the past few weeks, I've really increased the amount of platinum and gold I have, and I have to say that gold is amazingly dense. I have a small vial about half full of various 24karat gold coins, ingots, and nuggets. It is simply remarkable just how heavy the vial is. The same can be said for hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, and in particular osmium and iridium.

I think you mean "lower". Also, here's a GREAT link which explains the toxicity of fluoride.

But NaF and KF are water soluble, so they aren't going to be suddenly settling out of solution.

Well, how much of a pull does one electron feel from one proton as opposed to 9 protons? In order to convert F- into fluorine gas, you would need to pull an electron off of the F- atom. Hydrogen simply does not exert enough of a pull on the F- to take an electron away from it.

Also, I don't believe the F- ion is all that potent. Simply because once fluorine gets that extra electron, it's not about to let it go. (And since the workings of the electron are what causes reactivity, if the electron is not about to move from fluorine it's not going to be too reactive. If it were reactive, any fluoride salt would be incredibly potent since it would have a LOT of dissociated F- ions). The Cl-, Br-, and I- ions are more "reactive", I believe.

SF6 has a density of about 6.164 g/L, so that is INCREDIBLY dense for a gas. It is fully non-toxic, but it can still be lethal. Since it's so much denser than air, if you inhale too much it can quickly asphyxiate you. Plus, since it's so dense it's hard to expel from your lungs. (At about 500 degrees celcius, it will also decompose into fluorine gas and sulfur.)

Nitric acid, however, is a more potent oxidizer I believe. Concentrated sulfuric acid doesn't attack silver at any appreciable rate, I think, while nitric acid dissolves it very quickly. It's ability to dissolve silver is more related to its oxidizing ability than it's acidic ability.

Sulfur Hexafluoride is a VERY inert and VERY dense gas. It's used in the electronics industry to provide an inert atmosphere that will be so much denser than the other gasses that it really doesn't allow any contamination. If you inhale a little bit of it, your voice will become VERY deep, and the only way to get it out of your lungs is to basically turn upside down and cough it out. It's pretty neat stuff.

Let's see. I've had many "incidents". Sodium silicate inhalation, bromine inhalation, fomaldehyde on the face, mild cyanide poisoning, diethyl ether combustion of my eyebrows, sodium metal on my bare hand, concentrated nitric acid on my forearm, concentrated sulfuric acid dissolving my thumbnail, and there's probably a few more. The one thing I can say is "Thank GOD for goggles". Without them, I'd probably be blind.

Generally speaking, gasses with a low molecular weight will be less dense than gasses with a higher molecular weight. That is why hydrogen gas is the least dense gas in existance, and why sulfur hexafluoride is basically the densest.

I'm happy to say that my iodine-in-isopropanol method seems to be working. I've had a penny soaking in the solution overnight, and the deep, dark red-brown color of the solution has faded quite a bit, and there's a very fine powder of, I'm guessing, CuI or CuI2 on the bottom of the vial. Plus, on the high points of the penny, where the copper plating is probably the thinest, it looks as if a silvery colored metal is starting to show. Now while this probably won't turn out as a completely shiny and clean with full detail zinc penny, I think a good majority of the detail will remain.

Hmmm. The search function didn't work for me here at work. Perhaps a moderator could merge the threads together. Ahhhhh. I see now. The other thread was in a different part of the forum that I didn't check out. That explains that.