studiot

Only two 3 countries We already went through this in excruciating detail in a previous thread.

Every system has its stengths and weaknesses so thank you to beecee for giving us the opportunity to fully discuss the one based on hydrogen. +1 A further thought / question occurs to me. What would be the design life of such a system? How would that affect the financial and energy whole life costs ? I note for comparison that since the widespread uptake of lithium based rechargeable batteries many are now finding the true cost when the batteries need replacing.

Cornwall? Please note the correct current name of our country as shown on a passport

three 4 countries...

Surely this is a simple application of The First Law ? When you have your vessel of hydrogen, liquid or gaseous, you have a change of internal energy ΔE = ΔH + PΔV The PΔV term will be at the high pressure within the vessel. All of that internal energy will be lost when the hydrogen depressurises to react at normal pressures.

I look forward to your scientific amplification of this claim.

Grown-ups read all the words Actually no I didn't introduce liquid hydrogen into the thread, the OP did. Quite rightly in my opinion, since discussion of the circumstances when liquid hydrogen may or may not be appropriate and the difficulties involved are very properly part of the discussion here. They are not irrelevant. And yes I did read all the words, which is why I replied offering you a link to a website discussing the some of merits of liqification. And yes you are avoiding discussing the gas which is already in use in liquified form for transportation purposes, notably LPG. @beecee Yes it is great to learn of improved methods of decomposition of water to generate hydrogen. But a good question is How much energy in the form of work needs to be input to collect and store hydrogen gas or liquid in reasonable sized containers ? Will not this reduce the overall efficiency if the system ?

Sure. There's lots to learn about heat pumps and variations on the theme as well as thing's your mother (or the salesman) didn't tell you.

New findings at Whitesands https://ww Earliest definitive evidence of people in Americas By Paul Rincon Science editor, BBC News website Published 2 hours ago image source, Bournemouth University image captionThe footprints belonged to teenagers and children who lived between 23,000 and 21,000 years ago Humans reached the Americas at least 7,000 years earlier than previously thought, according to new findings. w.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-58638854

What sort of heat pump ? Here are the last figures I posted

Just look around Google. Here are a couple of stills 700 × 394

I can't see where you think I disagree with this. Indeed we had a thread on hydrogen fuel cell technology for heavy plant (the heaviest possible vehicles under the Construction and Use (C&U) regulations, about a year ago. I only just reposted the link in beecees hydrogen thread. Again I don't see where you are coming from. Your descriptions and figures for heat pumps are way off. We have had several in depth discussions about heat pumps here. I freely posted costing and perfomance data for the system I fitted in 2016 in one of those threads. But really you should start a thread of your own about heat pumps since they are nothing to do with hydrogen, and this is meant to be a politcal discussion about hydrogen. Great technical question again. +1

That's a somewhat spectacular return ydoaPs +1

Just to add that soot is made of carbon. Naphthalene produces sooty deposits and is a widely used industrial feedstock. The minerals listed are refractory oxides, and therefore more likelyof artificial rather than geological origin. dunno about an actual explosion, stacks and chimneys are(used to be ?) cleaned by burning off sooty deposits. hence the night time display of sparks I referred to. The updraft from a powerful stack can carry particles quite some distance.

Could be though I can't think of one that we do in the UK syllabus. You could also supply more information, like is it solid or hollow. What is is made of and so on. The link I gave was of the Smithsonian An alternative use might possibly be as part of a sundial or for optical investigations into shadows.

Try asking these people. Try emailing their education officer or pub relations officer. https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/SILNMAHTL_38460

How on earth can any mention of hydrogen be irrelevant in a thread all about hydrogen ? Your post that I replied to certainly gave (me) the impression that you were offering facetious replies And LNG boils at about -162, and nobody is considering it as a transport fuel either. Why did you raise the issue? For your information I have already referred to the use of hydrogen for heavy vehicles, via fuel cell technology. You should be proud of your countrymen's achievements. https://www.jcb.com/en-gb/news/2020/07/jcb-leads-the-way-with-first-hydrogen-fuelled-excavator You can also read a calorific value of fuels table and see why hydrogen would be better than most other fuels, if we can make it work. So there is no call to be sarcastic about the matter. Finally in the link I gave in the post you apparently object so strongly to, they explain why it isnecessary to compress fuel gasses to liquid form for storage. A fact of life I though you already knew.

I don't think this object can have fallen from space. The chem analysis shows an amazing % carbon so it did not travel very fast through the atmousphere or it would have burned up. Sorry about the ? mark, I chose a sigma from the character set but it seems to have come out as ? mark. The other interesting thing about this analysis is the absence of hydrogen. However at 45% carbon I would guess some industrial chimney (there are plenty of these around Birmingham) or other was being cleaned out that night. If you have seen industrial chimneys at night you can often see the sparks and or material be ejected.

I didn't raise an issue about LNG.

Firstly thank you for coming back and telling us what is going on. +1 I couldn't find any reference to these 'diatoms' in the petrological report you linked to. ? If there are biological remnents included the question of how they got there is a good one. On Earth, microorganisms will start to grow on cooled pyroclastic material (old lava). Obviously some will overlay the old eruptive/outflow site. So in a later eruption some of this will be blasted skywards, rather than remelted. thus offering a viable mechanism. I'm not saying this is what happened, just that it should be considered.

Exactly. So what state might I expect a hydrogen tank and connection pipework to be in after 25 years bouncing about in a vehicle ? And whilst we are discussing it, hydrogen boils at -253oC whilst LPG boils at -42oC A world of difference in technological terms. But I'm sure you know all this as well.

This food technology course looks to answer your questions. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=4025 The link starts at lesson 27 "jams jellies and pickles."

Good point. +1

Thank you for your continued responses. I remember the 1960s/1970s quite differently. That was the era central governments started failing us in a big way, the big banks starts playing roulette with their customers money. Of course back then there were those voices in the wilderness (myself included) who held the same opinion I have just offered. We are still making similar mistakes today. Hydroelectric you say ? Yes there is enough reliable tidal power available around our shores to power the whole of western europe if we chose. We could have that 'bridge' to Ireland complete with motorway + railway +all the cables and pipe you wish, generating most of our own power from the exchange water between the Irish Sea and the Atlantic. Also the 1960s/70s is the era we started pulling out of peaceful nuclear power. Here in Britain we have this unseemly scamble to cobble together 'a deal' to feed ourselves. A deal ? Why does the government not take charge and do the job properly ? Tory financial dogma.

Indeed so but you have not addressed my basic point that people are people and do not act in a technologically optimum way. As a matter of interest why do you think they stopped using steel and iron pipes for low pressure work in the gas and water industries, and are even replacing them in high pressure work these days ?