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Everything posted by studiot
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Is it possible for lightning to...
studiot replied to DARK0717's topic in Modern and Theoretical Physics
It may interest you to know that one lightning bolt directs about 107 Joules of energy. This is the same as about 10 kg of high explosive (HE) -
This, of course, may be because the the ignorant do not have any understanding of vaccination chemistry and immunology. Would you rather have this injected or C. tetani? Not sure what you mean but imagine the following (real world) scenario. You have 200 patients to innoculate at your morning session. You can either 1) Choose the conventional intra msucular quick in and out routine Next patient Roll your sleeve up Jab Hold this pad against your arm, you may go straight home or sit down outside for 5 minutes first. Next patient 2) Find space for 200 number 1 - 2 hour drips. (Hire the local hall ?) Set each patient up with the IV drip (what about the difficult ones?) Remove the IV drip after the alloted time period Continue to monitor each patient for at least a further hour in case of any complications before discharge. Some injections are sub dermis, some are deep muscle for these reasons. Do you understand how and why a vaccine works? How fast do you think a bee sting allergy or peanut allergy operates? They can kill. Dr P was quite right about the timescale why do you think that is? Further some vaccines are only available as oral preparations (eg Cholera) Some are injecton only (eg Tetanus) and some are both (eg Typhoid) Source : BNF 74
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It's not a question of speeding up the response - quite the reverse in fact. You want the body to have time to react and produce the antibodies/antigens, using the blood route would be too fast for current formulations. Vaccines and booster would need reformulation. (There are some such available). However for very good reasons (in the UK at least) medical staff are not allowed to give intravenous substances without substantial extra training. These reasons include. 1) IV substances are normally given over a longer time period, hours or more. 2) Some vaccines carry with them the danger of a potentially fatal anaphylactic shock reaction in the patient. This is more likely with a rapid introduction into the bloodstream. 3) Accidentally giving the wrong substance has more chance of being caught and reversed if its action is slower.
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Well the purpose of vaccines is to prepare and stimulate the human or animal immunological system - ie the lymphatic system. This is not the blood system. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_system Are you asking would put the stuff into a vein or an artery? Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body's tissues. ... Veins become larger as they get closer to the heart. The superior vena cava is the large vein that brings blood from the head and arms to the heart, and the inferior vena cava brings blood from the abdomen and legs into the heart. What are the three main types of blood vessels? - WebMD Putting stuff into a vein or an artery will may take it to the wrong place! Here is a readable medical publication on the subject. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5287301/
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What is more common in nature, regularities or irregularities?
studiot replied to Hrvoje1's topic in Applied Mathematics
This is surely more a philosophy of meaning question. Now by definition one point cannot be regular (or irregular) Difficult to say if two points can be regular or irregular. It takes many points to show regularity. By definition an irregularity is that which is not regular, unless there are too few points to distinguish. So in order for there to be irregularity there must be many points of regularity to establish that regularity. If there are many more non regular points than regular, there is no pattern and therefore neither regularity nor irregularity. Yes -
Finding percentage of reagent in a mixture
studiot replied to Aidan Bradley's topic in Homework Help
Some much better and more satisfying to have done (most of) it yourself. +1 -
Good to make this point. +1
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Finding percentage of reagent in a mixture
studiot replied to Aidan Bradley's topic in Homework Help
What does the excess mean? John Cuthber has already told you that the precipitate is all silver chloride. Can you see why? If not does anything stand out below? Did you look up solubilities as I suggested? In solution there are (before precipitation) Cations : Mg2+, Na+ and Ag+ Anions : Cl- , NO3- Possible salts and solubilities MgCl2 very soluble NaCl very soluble AgCl low solubility Mg(No3)2 very soluble NaNO3 very soluble AgNO3 soluble So your 1.43 grams of precipitate is made up of what? Can you think of the next two steps? -
Space is information (split from What is Space made of?)
studiot replied to FreeWill's topic in Speculations
Have you given up replying to me? "Here we are not able to perceive or detect anything else physical, than the spatial coordinates in the moment of observation." So you have answered your own earlier question. You consider space (as volume) something physical. I think volume (a la Mordred) is a better term than length. However it is not true to say that vacuum or volume (or whatever you want to call it) has no other physical properties we can measure. At the very least it has permittivity, permeability and impedance. How do you incorporate the fact that some bits of the space in my example contain more or different information than others? This extra information cannot be directly measured but must be deduced. This is of course the property of arrangement that allows B to lie between A and C , but neith A nor C to lie between any things at all. Further some bits of space have no connection to A, B or C at all. -
I don't know where you got this but no wonder you are confused. When atoms join together to form large metallic solids (crystals) their electrons can be categorised into three groups. The Inner electrons which play no part in anything. So we don't need to worry about these, they stay with their original atomic nuclei The bonding electrons, which are shared between atomic nuclei and create the bonding forces. Because of these forces these electrons only connect neighbouring nuclei. The forces keep the electrons there, as well as holding the metal lattice together. Finally, in metals, there are some electrons which become free to roam the entire solid. They are not attached to any particular nuclei. These are called conduction electrons and are sometimes referred to as a 'sea of electrons'. But they play no part in bonding. Does this help?
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Space is information (split from What is Space made of?)
studiot replied to FreeWill's topic in Speculations
You say you are in Europe. Presumably English is not your first language, although it is quite good. There are already 12 pages in this thread, have you read them. Or do you find that too much? Space is one of those words in English that has many meanings. You choose the appropriate one from the context. I could reasonably ask you how much space (a unit of) information takes up or requires. The question was " what is Space made of?" not "What is spacetime made of?" One interpretation is that Space is like a theatre stage which provides all that is necessary for some event to happen. Mordred was referring to events of importance in Physics. So perhaps this might be best served by an example. Take three physical object (balls, planets, whatever) Let us call them A, B and C Space allows us to distinguish when B is between A and C and (if they are planets) thus understand eclipses. -
Ultrasound - What is the size of the smallest feature observable
studiot replied to brickman7713's topic in Homework Help
So did you actually attempt this? A hint : what sort of phenomenon is ultrasound and what do you know about waves? -
So am I, what was the question ? and while we are at it what was your attempt at an answer (you did read the homework rules here didn't you) ?
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Space is information (split from What is Space made of?)
studiot replied to FreeWill's topic in Speculations
This idea could be consistent with the Mathematical idea of a space, which was not exactly what Mordred was talking about. How about you re-present it more coherently? -
Classical Mechanics is having a revival in Universities. Orbital Dynamics. Planetary Dynamics Fluid Mechanics Aerodynamics Continuum Mechanics Nanomechanics and machines. Dynamical stabilty. Advanced gas dynamics .......... This list is long and getting longer not shorter. And what about the rest of classical Physics - Heat (Thermodynamics) Light (advanced Optics) and Sound (Advanced acoustics) and so on?
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This is homework so what have you done so far? In particular can you at least describe in words what happens?
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Since the pulley and the mass oscillate up and down by the same amount at the same frequency and you are told the combined mass, does this matter? The trick with all these problems is to look for something that is common to both parts.
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Do you think the heat of combustion is the same as the specific heat ? I suggest you look these up before proceeding. Come back again when you have done this.
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Finding percentage of reagent in a mixture
studiot replied to Aidan Bradley's topic in Homework Help
You are right this is the key to it. So what do you think the reaction is or reactions are? What do you know about the solubility of the four possible salts involved? -
Does anyone have any experience of Pedia Press ? I was looking at something this morning on Wikipedia and I was offered the opportunity to order hard copy (or perhaps pdf), which I thought was very interesting. Unfortunately their system locked up on me half way through so I never got full details. In particular I never found out if they would post to the UK. I can provide the general link if required, but don't want this to be considered advertising.
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Forum Rule about disproving mainstream science
studiot replied to Silvestru's topic in Suggestions, Comments and Support
But your question was not an answer to the original one (which was effectively can we have a repository for such BS ) even though it was a reasonable one. So it is strictly speaking off topic. But do you really want to be that strict? I think the mods do a fine job between pernickettyness and laxity and encourage members to obey the rules rather than just slap them down at every opportunity. Thus they offer a way forward (provide evidence) rather than just saying. "Rule broken" and taking some sort of drastic moderator action. Perhaps with your interest in the Life Sciences you could propose a way to get members to post in the appropriate section in the first place? -
Forum Rule about disproving mainstream science
studiot replied to Silvestru's topic in Suggestions, Comments and Support
If I had a nickel for every time I've read swansont say "This is not mainstream. Moved to speculations. Please read the rules of speculations and provide evidence for your proposal." or similar, I'd be a billionaire. That typing wing must be worn out by now. I'd say that is ample room for allowing the rules to be followed before the final curtain is dropped. -
Even if it's wrong, that's a better thought than any I had about the question +1 One comment, though. The only indication that power was 'still on' was that an electric clock was still working. What electric clock and was anything else working? I have several electric clocks (cooker, electric curtains, heat pump controller etc) that all have internal batteries so will remain working during power cuts.
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Continuous functions and non-continuous derivatives...
studiot replied to Sasho's topic in Analysis and Calculus
Is there a claim that there is one and only one correct answer ?