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<A name=OLE_LINK3>OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE FROM HUBBLE DIAGRAM OF SUPERNOVAE FOR AN ZHOU JIAN ’S LAW
Zhou Jian
（611, Liuchang road, Liu Bei district , Liuzhou city , Guang Xi ,China 545012 E-mail：13237720248@163.com）
Abstract I report a very simple magnitude and redshift relation, which is called α and β are two constants, when the α constant adjustment to 0.00023683050759/Mpc, β constant adjustment to 0.00128/Mpc case, the type of theoretical curve and the supernova (FRW) cosmological model of the standard model parameters ΩM = 0.28, ΩΛ = 0.72 consistent with the theoretical curve, thus obtained the distance modulus of a new definition of style, and found that there exists a redshift proportional increase with the sum of redshift plus 1 is inversely proportional to the term public relations, its physical significance is light (electromagnetic radiation) in the dissemination process of the propagation distance and its transmission wavelength with propagation distance increases displacement to the red end of the cosmological redshift is proportional to the cosmological redshift and plus 1 and is inversely proportional to the natural law.
Key-words SUPERNOVA HUBBLE DIAGRAM THEORETICAL CURVE NATURAL LAW
1 Supernova Hubble Diagram
In 1998, two teams studying distant Type Ia supernovae presented independent evidence that the expansion of the Universe is speeding up [Riess et al. 1998, Perlmutter et al. 1999]. This is arguably one of the most important discovery in modern cosmology. Figure 1 is that they discovered that the universe is accelerating the expansion of the supernova Hubble diagram. The figure shows the distribution with Ia supernova is the best fit of the theoretical curve in (FRW) cosmological model of the standard model parameters ΩM = 0.28, ΩΛ = 0.72 the theoretical curve.
Fig.1 Discovered that the universe is accelerating the expansion of the supernova Hubble diagram [1、2]
2 VENTURE PROPOSE
Shown in Figure 1 Perlmutter, who published in 1998 found that the universe is accelerating the expansion of the supernova Hubble diagram, and the distribution of high-redshift supernovae Ia the best fit of the model parameters ΩM = 0.28, ΩΛ = 0.72 corresponding to the theoretical curve the relationship is quite complex, this in (FRW) cosmological standard model is quite complex magnitude and redshift relation is able to use a simple relationship to replace it? I venture to propose a very simple magnitude and redshift relation is：
（1）
Which, α and β are constants to be determined, and their units are / Mpc.
3 SURPRISED TO FIND
In this very simple magnitude and redshift relation (1), I found both of α and β constants to be determined, it will adjust the theoretical curve with the adjustment to change, with the continuous attempt to adjust further found that, when α and β are two constants to be determined, adjusted to just the right time, it will be just right with the theoretical curve of high-redshift supernovae Ia distribution of best fit of the model parameters ΩM = 0.28, ΩΛ = 0.72 of the theoretical curve approach, when the α adjusted to 0.00023683050759/Mpc, β adjusted to 0.00128/Mpc case, relation (1) with the theoretical curve on the distribution of high-redshift supernovae Ia the best fit of the model parameters ΩM = 0.28, ΩΛ = 0.72 the theoretical curve fit. Figure 2 is consistent with the results of Fig.
Fig.2 Zhou Jian fitting supernova Hubble diagram.
Careful observation of this very simple magnitude and redshift relation (1) found, in which there is a public relations term z / α (1 + z), this not only with the redshift z is proportional to, but also with the red shift plus 1 and (z +1) is inversely proportional to the physical significance of items of public relations, what is it? Type based on the distance modulus defined physical meaning, it is the distance, this distance is proportional not only to redshift z, but also increases with redshift 1 and (z +1) is inversely proportional to, this is what I found in Perlmutter et al 1998 published that the universe is accelerating the expansion of distance and redshift relation：
（2）
Where, r is the distance in units of Mpc, z is the redshift of the cosmic large-scale, α is the redshift constant, α = 0.00023683050759 / Mpc.
4 DEFINITION OF ZHOU JIAN REDSHIFT LAW
The relation (2) has a kind of physical significance? Obviously, in the case of very small red shift, it is proportional to the redshift and distance with a high degree of approximation of the Hubble's law, but to a certain extent after the large red shift completely out of Hubble's law, however, puzzling redshift tends to infinity in time, it has redshift and distance is proportional to the Hubble's law with a high degree of approximation.
This phenomenon mean? I carefully Lile, found three "sure." First, be sure it is definitely not the Hubble's law described the Doppler redshift caused by the Doppler effect, but with the cosmological redshift end, where will this type of redshift called the cosmological redshift, for different Doppler redshift, where the use of "zz" to represent. Second, it is certain that it is definitely not the Doppler effect, but with the effect of cosmology, as distinguished from the Doppler effect, where the effects of this type will be called the Zhou Jian effect. Again, it is certain that it is definitely not the Hubble law, Hubble's law but with the law, as distinguished from Hubble's law, where the law of this type will be called the Zhou Jian law.
Zhou Jian law is the description of light (electromagnetic radiation) in the dissemination process of the propagation distance with the cosmological redshift (transmission wavelength with the increase of propagation distance to the red end of the displacement variation) and change the laws of nature, namely: light (electromagnetic radiation) of the propagation distance r and the cosmological redshift zz is proportional to the cosmological redshift plus 1 and (z +1) is inversely proportional to its mathematical expression is：
（3）
Where, r is the unit of Mpc of light (electromagnetic radiation) of the propagation distance, zz is the cosmological redshift (Zhou Jian redshift), α is a constant cosmological redshift (Zhou Jian constant), and α = 0.00023683050759 / Mpc, and in the cosmological redshift zz very, very small in the case, the Zhou Jian law on the evolution of r = zz / α = czz/H0, where c is the speed of light, H0 is the Hubble constant, which is well-known form of Hubble's law, but here referred to redshift is not the light source relative to the observer's relative motion caused by the Doppler redshift, but by the light (electromagnetic radiation) in the dissemination process of the transmission wavelength with propagation distance increases and the corresponding Zhou Jian effect caused by the increased call the cosmological redshift. Figure 3 is a supernovae Hubble diagram found that the Zhou Jian law.
Fig.3 Found that the Zhou Jian law From the supernovae Hubble diagram
5 CONCLUSION
From 1998 found that the universe is accelerating the expansion of the supernova Hubble diagram actually contains such a secret, which I continue to thoroughly research of unexpected results, After much deliberation, or report this deep in the supernova Hubble diagram secret, it not only reveals the (FRW) cosmological standard model is quite complex magnitude and redshift relation also corresponds to a very simple relationship, but also reveals a more deep meaning of natural law - the Zhou Jian redshift law it reveals the light (electromagnetic radiation) in addition to the speed of light propagation in addition to another essential characteristic of that light (electromagnetic radiation) limit the spread of cosmological redshift distance is the distance tends to infinity, calculated in accordance with Zhou Jian redshift law, the light (electromagnetic radiation) limit the spread of distance 4222.4289859278Mpc（13.77198086256 billion light years）.
Acknowledgements: The above is my report, please provide expert advice, in this particular sincere thanks!
REFERENCES
[1]
Perlmutter, S., Aldering, G., Goldhaber, G., Knop, R.A., Nugent, P., et al. 1999. Astrophys. J. 517:565-586.
[2]
Riess, A.G., Filippenko, A.V., Challis, P., Clocchiatti, A., Diercks, A., et al. 1998. Astron. J. 116:1009-1038.
