1. Passive solar is simply using the heat that comes from the sun without anything fancy (i.e. no panels or batteries)
2. Yes the water can definitely run back down. In my original design the returning water added to the momentum that ran the fountain and in all of my designs water coming back down is the main reason for the invention.
3. There are many who have said that what I want to do defies the second law of thermodynamics and is therefore impossible (which is quite untrue) so I added the springs and gears option. My theory is that the fountain could be built like a clock. Though it is not 100% true to my original idea, a water clock of sorts would satisfy.
Most excellent! In all my years of asking scientists you are the first to be aware of this device. I learned of the 1800s version when I presented my project to a farmer at a 4H Jimmy Pop engine convention (as one would expect from farmers the "convention" was in an empty lot in the middle of a small town).
Now that we have a prior version of the fountain on the table, let's see if we can expand the design - my ideal design is for this to work with water wheels instead of tanks.
I have a sudden desire to study Archimedes! I don't think the screw, however, qualifies here as one needs to put in constant energy to get the water to flow. What we need here is a short investment followed by a more prolonged return. But then again perhaps I've misunderstood A's screw.
As for using the sun to create the steam to drive a turbine - has this been done? For my purposes I would have to say that turbines aren't allowed, but am fascinated by the consept.
Indeed, indeed. Capillary action is one of the things that told me that my invention was quite possible but it doesn't get me to where I want to go, which is to some sort of fountain (which I decided not to note when initially presenting my challenge to the forum).
The bottle with a small hole in a vice totally on point and super basic. Have to say I feel pretty dim not having thought of it. It is as a simple way to point out that what I want is totally doable.
So what's the next step - how does this get taken to the next level of creativity, artistry and sophistication?