Pyramids? How?

[Adrian]

Does anyone know how they REALLY built those things? Human Labor? Aliens?

 

I've always wanted to know, but i cant find any type of references....

[Zarkov]

Yes they are quite fine structures, however there are about 100 of them.

 

The method of building seems to be just human labour, no not slaves but dedicated highly skilled artisans.

 

Maybe stones were transported to the site at Nile flood times, the stones were quarried quite a long way away.

 

Getting the stones to the height required seems to have been achieved via ramps and ?? wooden wheels encircling the blocks?

 

Who did the actual design, is a complete mystery. The engineering details are of an extreemly high level.

 

This all adds to the mystery

[kenel]

Pyramids are still being unearthed, there's only 100 now, but God knows how many they'll find in the future.

 

By the way, you said that they were not built by slaves? My understanding was always that they were, do you think you'd be able to provide some documentation (i.e. a web site) on how they were built? That somewhat interests me.

[Adrian]

they showed some special on tv years ago where they tried to emulate people hauling boulders 2/3 the size used for the pyramids...it took around 10 people just to carry one...and they were TOTALLY exhausted once they got to their destination...

[Zarkov]

Apparently searchers, have uncovered "living quarters" for pyramid builders, and the evidence shows that they were treated very very well, and well educated.

 

Search google, yes I have plenty of links, but most of these are at the SSS forum, ABC, Australia.

 

Well worth a search through our archives, it will give you not only a good read, but higher insight, and answers to many questions you may be asking.

>

[kenel]

I didn't ask to search google, I asked for you to provide atleast one. If you have so many, you wouldn't mind copying and pasting one over to this forum, now would you?

[Zarkov]

I do have easy access BUT

 

http://www.geocities.com/

Athens/Oracle/2451/pyramid/

 

http://www.aloha.net/~hawmtn/pyramid.htm

 

just a quick look through my notes...I do not know what these refer to though??

[Radical Edward]

these sites offer some interesting informaion on the pyramids, although to be honest they are more interested in alternate histories

 

http://www.grahamhancock.com/

http://www.robertbauval.com/

 

It is unlikely that slave labour was used, since forcing people to do soemthing to that sort of accuracy would be difficult. The construction workers themselves are likely to have been farmers and so on who offered their time freely when there was no other work to be done. this is out of one of the books by the authors mentioned above... (or some other one, I don't recall now)

[kenel]

Thanks, the first two you gave though don't have too much credibility....geocities, and aloha?

[aman]

try http://Http://www.crystalinks.com/sacred.html

It's a good resource for lots of fun and useful info.

Just aman

[Guest Hogslayer]

Building a large stone wheel around blocks to move them has been used in the past. Of course, this was centuries later than the build date of the latest African pyramid. The Greeks used this method.

 

And South American Pyramid builders had no wheel to work with.

 

The most plausible theory of Menhir construction in Europe was that it was generally accomplished with the help of a greased wooden rails. Once the stone was started moving, it overcame the static friction and slid really easy. Different methods have been proposed regarding fine manipulation from quarry to track, and from track to site, and all are very feasible, possibly all being used. However, lumber is plentiful here.

 

Back to Egypt, the real mystery is how the blocks were quarried. Geting a rock out of a quarry is not difficult if you think about it. Roll it onto a boat, flood the quarry, roll it out. Or something similar. But chopping it out is real work!

 

Lifting the stones to the desired level is not difficult either, and traces of the original ramps are still there.

 

Moving the stone from quarry to worksite, sometimes a distance of miles, has always been a point of debate. However, the ivory tower academics seldom consult with stonemasons, landscapers or architects who actually have hands on experience. Even a lowly day-laborer can give you insight into how to accomplish the job. For instance, there is absolutely no need to finish the blocks at the quarry. They can be finnished on site. If left rounded, and a series of ropes and posts is assembled, the rock can be pulled by ropes, rolling as it is pulled.

 

Picture this. You have a pair of posts on each side of the road. ropes run from the posts back to the rock, passing undeneath, and looping back over the top of the rock, and running back toward, and past, the posts. pull on this and it pulls the rock, and the rock itself acts as a pully. You can even cross the ropes and pull from each side of the road. As it moves forward, it rolls over the next set of ropes tied to the next set of posts, and runners feed the ends back up to the pulling crew. A string of this type of labor system would pull several boulders along a path relatively quickly, the holdups being A) rainfall and flooding, B) quarry time of the raw stone, and B) quarry time at the site to finish the block. None of this afects the method, it simply means that transport from quarry to site is not the time consuming task that dictates the build rate of the structure.

 

I have used similar methods to move large boulders and debris with very limited manpower, some chains and pickup trucks. A few hundred egyptians ought to be able to make short work of the whole thing easily. Maybe they did this, maybe they had another method using canals and barges (probably not, that's a different issue), or maybe they enlisted Atlantean Teleportation Spin Gravity Devices to float them. BUt the problem is nothing that couldn't be easily solved, considering the culture was advanced enough to build the things in the first place.

[chris]

you have to relize this. When many of the pyramids were being built. The people who were ordering them were rulers of vast empires. Thus, they had many many slaves. So, if 10 slaves can move one stone. They prolly had about 5000 slaves. So building it shouldnt be a problem. But, I remember in World history, about how every year the nile floods at a specific time. So the theory of them floating down stream would be plausable. Considering Americans did it in the 1800's with the lumber trail of central america. How you think we got wood from minnasota to Mississippi? Via rivers.

[Guest Hogslayer]

Like I said, transporting the stones is nothing. Quarrying them is. an amzing feat of masonry.

[aman]

Nobody has mentioned the crescent shaped wooden artifacts found in Egypt. Their length was the dimension of a blocks side so if they fastened these to four sides, the block was enclosed in a circle

Just amanof wood and four more on the other end turned the block into an axle in a set of wheels. Then it just had to be rolled to where it was needed over land.

[mister_me]

I think that aliens created the pyramids and then gave the credit over to humans. Pyramids are like the ancient form of crop circles.

[fafalone]

I don't suppose you're basing that on ::gasp:: science?

 

of course not, this is random crap forums in your mind!

[Radical Edward]

hmm... where is aman these days?

[fafalone]

I don't think he likes us anymore

 

Last post: 01-09-2003 06:49 PM

[Guest spmicro]

Does anyone know how they REALLY built those things? Human Labor? Aliens?

I've always wanted to know' date=' but i cant find any type of references....[/quote']

 

http://www.scienceforums.net/forums/newreply.php?do=newreply&p=816#

I think the pyramids are desined by some alien civilization but built with the help of humans.

Ok now one question arries why the aliens built it on earth?

Only the 3 (great) pyramids at giza was built by the some advanced civilization.

 

for what purpose they built it ? (the following answer is just only my imagination ,it may be true (reality is much bigger and amazing than our imagination )

 

Before 50,000 to 100,000 years some alien civilization landed on our earth. They ruled earth for some period of time. They helped humans to evolve. Before some 12,000 to 16,000 years they desided to leave earth. So they desided to destroyed all their sources.They used great floods to make most of their places to be destroyed. This was the end of the Ice Age. Some team stayed on earth so that they can help lives on earth after the flood.Earth will took atleast some 500 to 1000 years to settle down, so it is not need that all the alien scientists keep active durin this period. They used the technoloy called `Deep Sleep`. (Deep Sleep can be used as an Anti-Aging remedy,When the scientists come out from deep sleep their body and mind can work very efficiently)They used the natural energy of pyramid for securing their body during their Deep Sleep.(Later the egyptians miss understood these concenpts and thought that the aliens in the pyramids where come out from death. so continued thier regular foolish activities like all the religious activities in the world ,these are the missinterpreted activities...)

 

They came out from deep sleep and created religions on earth and upto now they are watching us by just hidding.

 

Actually all the religions are created by them,Religions are different version of that secret organization.so no religion is best and we are just humans we cannot just rank the religions .but for now all the no religion is correct.

All religions is teaching very very good things,there is nothing bad,they are advices given by some advanced civilizations.So regularly following them is a very good thing.but try to find and avoid some man made foolish things in the religious activities...

 

ok now you can ask one question . if religions are different version of some....

then we can follow the latest version...

 

ya... for example there are different versions of windows like 3.1,95,98,me,2000,NT,XP... but you shoud also aware of your hardware performance of your maching you cannot use XP on 386 or 386 on pentium I machines, that is i meant the country location and habits and their long period of some regular activity may cannot accept.

 

(Imagination is a cage of Ignorance beyond imagination there is only Ignorance)By,spmicro,xpmicro@rediffmail.com

http://www.scienceforums.net/forums/newreply.php?do=newreply&p=816#

[Guest spmicro]

Pyramids are still being unearthed' date=' there's only 100 now, but God knows how many they'll find in the future.

 

By the way, you said that they were not built by slaves? My understanding was always that they were, do you think you'd be able to provide some documentation (i.e. a web site) on how they were built? That somewhat interests me.[/quote']

 

http://www.scienceforums.net/forums/newreply.php?do=newreply&p=818#

The Pyramids

According to common perception they were built, with the begrudging help of great armies of slaves, by the ancient pharaohs of Egypt as tombs for preserving their royal bodies.Pyramids were meant to be monuments to the pharaoh's greatness, filled with great treasures for the afterlife. To construct these massive shrines, the pharaoh's copied the oldest and largest pyramid of all, the Great Pyramid of Giza.But the Great Pyramid itself contains no pharaoh's body, no treasure chamber, and no treasures.

 

The Great Pyramid is one of the most comprehensively surveyed buildings in the World. Scientists over the centuries have taken thousands of measurements in their quest to find out more about its mysteries.It is the world's oldest structure that is so advanced that it can't be duplicated today,even using current technology.

 

Thirty times larger than the Empire State Building, the Pyramid's features are so large they can be seen from the Moon.

 

Only a solid stone mountain could endure the Pyramid's immense weight. And indeed, a flat solid granite mountain happens to be located just beneath the surface of the ground directly under the Pyramid.

 

Its base covers 13.6 acres,each side being greater than five acres in area.

 

It is built to face true North, The Great Pyramid is the most accurately aligned structure in existence and faces true north with only 3/60th of a degree of error. The position of the North Pole moves over time and the pyramid was probably exactly aligned at one time.

 

The Pyramid is located at the exact center of the Earth's land mass. That is, its East-West axis corresponds to the longest land parallel across the Earth, passing through Africa, Asia, and America. Similarly, the longest land meridian on Earth, through Asia, Africa, Europa, and Antarctica, also passes right through the Pyramid. Since the Earth has enough land area to provide 3 billion possible building sites for the Pyramid, the odds of it's having been built where it is are 1 in 3 billion.

 

Like 20th century bridge designs, the Pyramid's cornerstones have balls and sockets built into them. Several football fields long, the Pyramid is subject to expansion and contraction movements from heat and cold, as well as earthquakes, settling, and other such phenomena. After 4,600 years it's structure would have been significantly damaged without such construction.

 

The Pyramid's core was constructed of 4,000 to 40,000 pound blocks of soft limestone, the outer layer of the Pyramid was made of a beautifully bright, protective layer of polished stone. These outer "casing stones" are missing today because about 600 years ago they were stolen by Arabs, (This accounts for the very worn appearance of the Pyramid today, since the inner limestone blocks are not immune to attack by the elements-wind, rain, and sandstrom.) This protective covering was made up of 100-inch-thick, 20-ton block of hard, white limestone, similar to marble but superior in hardness and in durability against the elements.

 

The people of the area had viewed the Pyramid and its polished stones with awe for centuries. But when a 13th century earthquake loosened some of these casing stones, the Arabs recognized a great quarry of precut stones that could be used to finish off palaces and mosques. For instance, the casing stones were used to rebuild the new city of El Kaherah plus Cairo mosques and palaces, including the Mosque of Sultan Hasan.

 

The casing stones, 144,000 in all, were so brilliant that they could literally be seen from the mountains of Israel hundreds of miles away. On bright mornings and late afternoons, sunlight reflected by this vast mirrored surface of 5-1/4 acres distinguished the Pyramid as being visible from the moon.

 

Amazingly, the outside surface stones are cut within 0.01 (1/100th) inch of perfectly straight and at nearly perfect right angles for all six sides. And they were placed together with an intentional gap between them of 0.02 inch. Modern technology cannot place such 20-ton stones with greater accuracy than those in the Pyramid.

 

Even more amazing is that the 0.02-inch gap was designed to allow space for glue to seal and hold the stones together. A white cement that connected the casing stones and made them watertight is still intact and stronger than the blocks that it joins.

 

The height of the Pyramid's apex is 5,812.98 inches, and each side is 9,131 inches from corner to corner (in a straight line). If the circumference of the Pyramid is divided by twice its height (the diameter of a circle is twice the radius), the result is 3.14159, which just happens to be pi. Incredibly, this calculation is accurate to six digits. So the Pyramid is a square circle, and thus pi was designed into it 4,600 years ago. Pi is demonstrated many times throughout the Pyramid.

 

Each of the Pyramids four walls, when measured as a straight line, are 9,131 inches, for a total of 36,524 inches. At first glance, this number may not seem significant, but move the decimal point over and you get 365.24. Modern science has shown us that the exact length of the solar year is 365.24 days.

 

The average height of land above sea level (Miami being low and the Himalayas being high), as can be measured only by modern-day satellites and computers, happens to be 5,449 inches. That is the exact height of the Pyramid.

 

All four sides of the Pyramid are very slightly and evenly bowed in, or concave. This effect, which cannot be detected by looking at the Pyramid from the ground, was discovered around 1940 by a pilot taking aerial photos to check certain measurements. As measured by today's laser instruments, all of these perfectly cut and intentionally bowed stone blocks duplicate exactly the curvature of the earth. The radius of this bow is equal to the radius of the Earth.

 

The information encoded into the Great Pyramid is repeated multiple times.

 

The average temperature of Egypt equals the average temperature of earth = avg. temperature of Queen's Chamber = 68 degrees Fahrenheit.

 

The weight of the pyramid is estimated at 5,955,000 tons. Multiplied by 10**8 gives a reasonable estimate of the earth's mass.

 

The pyramid positions on the ground are a reflection of the positions of the stars in the constellation Orion circa 10,400 B.C. Five of the 7 brightest stars have pyramid equivalents: The 3 great pyramids of Khufu, Khafra, and Menkaura for the belt of Orion, the pyramid of Nebka at Abu Rawash corresponds to the star Saiph, the pyramid at Zawat al Aryan corresponds to the star Bellatrix. The only two missing star positions are for Betelgeuse and Rigel.

 

A line drawn on a map from the apex of the pyramid to Bethlehem = angle of the Ascending Passage and crosses the Red Sea at the most likely point that the Israelites crossed when departing Egypt (Parting of the Red Sea).

 

A line drawn on a map south from the apex of the pyramid at the angle of the Ascending Passage crosses Mount Sinai (Ten Commandments).

 

The southern shaft in the King's Chamber (45 deg, 00 min, 00 sec) pointed to the star Al Nitak (Zeta Orionis) in the constellation Orion, circa 2450 B.C. The Orion constellation was associated with the Egyptian god Osiris. No other star aligned with this shaft during that Epoch.

 

The northern shaft in the King's Chamber (32 deg, 28 min, 00 sec) pointed to the star Alpha Draconis, circa 2450 B.C.

 

The southern shaft in the Queen's Chamber (39 deg, 30 min, 00 sec) pointed to the star Sirius, circa 2450 B.C. Sirius was associated with the Egyptian goddess Isis and is also part of a unique ceremony practiced by the African Dogon tribe.

 

The northern shaft in the Queen's Chamber (39 deg, 00 min, 00 sec) pointed to the star Ursa Minor, circa 2450 B.C.

 

The Constant of Aberration of Light: - The telescope adjustment due to the speed of the earth as it moves through space when viewing stars. It is measured as an angle of tilt and is 20.2608+ seconds of arc. The difference in width between the upper Grand Gallery and Ascending Passage as measured from an axial line through the center is 20.26 pyramid inches.

 

The Sun's Parallax: The size of the earth as viewed from the Sun and expressed as an angle and generally taken to be 1/2 the diameter at the equator (Solar Equatorial Parallax) is 8.9008091 seconds of arc using 91,848,817 miles as the mean distance to the sun and 3963.4914 miles as the equatorial radius. The distance between the mean socket level and the height of the leveled bedrock is 8.9008 PI.

 

If the pyramid were a clear crystal or glass prism, it would reflect sunlight at an angle of about 26.5 degrees. {the descending passing has an angle of about 26.30 degrees}

 

 

All of the evidence in the Great Pyramid shows that 4,600 years ago somebody knew a great deal about the Earth.

 

Clearly, whoever built the Pyramid had access to information beyond that which earthlings possessed at the time, at least earthlings as we know them. Now, one can argue that we were visited by scientifically advanced beings from outer space who taught us their technology. That is possible from the evidence presented, perhaps even likely. If so, these advanced beings had the paramount goal of leaving behind a message that would endure for eons.

 

So far the message indicates that whoever built the Pyramid knew the Earth well: the length of the year, the radius of curvature, the standard measurement techniques, the average height of the continents, and the center of the land mass. They were able to consruct something that we still cannot construct today, and they were able to tie all these things together in this single structure. Were they extraterrestrial, or perhaps even supernatural? The answer is not yet clear. However, thus far we have examined only the outside of the Pyramid.

 

Who designed it and built it? What was its purpose? When it was built? How it was built?

Scientists are doing research on pyramids to know the answers for these questions but still there is no profound theories.

 

Age of Pyramids

 

The Sphinx : From a detailed study of the highly-weathered limestone rock of the Sphinx and the enclosure in which it sits, Robert Schoch, a geologist from Boston University, has concluded that the monument was exposed to prolonged heavy rainfall, and he has therefore dated its construction to around 7000 - 5000 BC.

 

Radiocarbon Dating : Egyptologists date the 4th dynasty kings Khufu and Khafre to the period 2500-2400 BC. However, the 1983-84 ‘Pyramids Carbon-dating Project’, commissioned and funded by the Edgar Cayce Foundation, and directed by the Egyptologists Mark Lehner and Robert Wenke, discovered some highly anomalous results.

For example, thirteen samples of mortar from the Great Pyramid produced dates in the range 3101-2853 BC, and an average date of 2977 BC. Similarly, seven samples of mortar from the Second Pyramid produced an average date of 2988 BC. Equally intriguing, a sample of wood from ‘Khufu’s Boat’, buried alongside the Great Pyramid, produced a remarkable date of 3400 BC.

 

Egyptologist Kate Spence’s argued that the Egyptians had identified true north, for the purpose of alignment of their pyramids, by using the polar alignment of two northern circumpolar stars, Kochab and Mizar. When a plumb line was set against the vertical alignment of these two stars approximately 4,500 years ago, it identified the exact point on the horizon which signified true north.

 

Graham Hancock would later suggest that the Giza ground plan had been fixed in 10450 BC, but completed in 2450 BC, in their own words an ‘enormously long-drawn-out period’.

 

Robert Bauval and Adrian Gilbert made a very interesting discovery, namely that the three main pyramids at Giza (of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) formed a pattern on the ground virtually identical to that of the three belt stars of the Orion constellation. This was a perfectly plausible hypothesis.

Using computer software, they wound back the Earth’s skies to ancient times, and witnessed a ‘locking-in’ of the mirror image between the pyramids and the stars at the same time as Orion reached a turning point at the bottom of its precessional shift up and down the meridian. This conjunction, they claimed, was exact, and it occurred precisely at the date 10450 BC.

 

The panleonist theory proposes that a highly advanced civilisation existed on the Earth during during the precessional age of Leo (c. 10900-8700 BC), but was destroyed by a cataclysm circa 10500 BC and hence became a ‘lost civilisation’. The theory proposes that the lost civilisation encoded the date 10500 BC into their monuments (e.g. by astronomical alignments) so as to commemorate the date of the cataclysm.

Firstly, in Plato’s story of Atlantis, which recalled the destruction of an advanced civilisation nine thousand years before the time of Solon, i.e. c. 9600 BC. Secondly, in the prophecies of certain mystics, such as Edgar Cayce. And thirdly, in the writings of Zecharia Sitchin, who dated the beginning of history to the Great Flood in 11000 BC, at the beginning of the age of Leo.

One of the foundation stones of the panleonist theory is the Great Sphinx of Egypt, which is presumed to have the body of a lion, thus evoking the precessional era of Leo (10900-8700 BC).

[Sayonara]

Cheerfully plagiarised:

http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=%22Pyramids+were+meant+to+be+monuments+to+the+pharaoh%27s+greatness%22&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&meta=

 

Don't do that.

[FrankM]

Quoted from spmicro: "The Great Pyramid is one of the most comprehensively surveyed buildings in the World. Scientists over the centuries have taken thousands of measurements in their quest to find out more about its mysteries."

 

It may be one of the most comprehensively surveyed structures, but it doesn't mean it was done correctly. I tried to understand why various surveyors that measured a specific angle kept coming up with different values. One surveyor recorded different values with different instruments, and I think he gave up in frustration and finally recorded an averaged value. When I was reviewing contemporary surveying techniques, I found the term "deflection of the vertical".

 

It seems those that were responsible for launching ballistics missiles, about 40-50 years ago, found substantial errors in true vertical versus local vertical (local gravity vector). They did know that large mountain chains could effect the vertical but they were unaware that unseen changes in subsurface density, in relatively flat land, could cause major vertical errors. It was found that local changes in surface characteristics could also effect the vertical in varying degrees. Beginning some 30 years ago, surveyors were started being taught that it was necessary to determine the true vertical versus the local gravity vertical for high accuracy work.

 

None of the surveyors of the Great Pyramid were aware the structure itself was causing "out-of-level" measurements, and the error was undetectable by standard surveying techniques. Here is a quote from a professional surveyor, "This is a systematic error that does NOT cancel by balancing foresights and backsights. Ignoring this effect can cause problems for high accuracy work."

http://www.profsurv.com/newsArchives/n1-03.htm

Although he was discussing land surveying, the foresight/backsight technique is used in all types of surveying.

 

There is no way to determine the magnitude of the errors introduced by the "deflection of the vertical", thus anyone that dogmatically quotes a particular pyramid surveyors values is probably unaware of the old surveying problem.

[Taya!]

I once read a report detailing how the use of mud slicks allows heavy objects to be transported a great distance with little effort. 4 old men pushed a block of stone 100 yards with little exerstion by use of this method, from memory.

[JaKiri]

Oh gods, not this again

[ydoaPs]

Don't u people watch movies? Aliens did it. The gods were really aliens. Same thing with the Myans, Sumarians, and several other civilizations.