Chemistry

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Nitration of toluene gives mono-, di-, and trinitrotoluene.

The nitration of phenol with sodium nitrate gives a mixture of two isomers, from which the wanted 4-nitrophenol (bp 279 °C) can easily be separated by steam distillation.

In the nitration of of benzaldehyde the product mixture is 19% ortho, 72% meta, and 9% para:

I would guess that 2,4-DNP and 2,6-DNP are the dinitro isomers that would preferentially form upon nitration of 2-NP, and that the nitration of acetophenone gives m-nitroacetophenone.