Genady Posted October 7, 2023 Posted October 7, 2023 Which pairs of expressions for quantum states represent the same state? For those pairs that represent different states, describe a measurement for which the probabilities of the two outcomes differ for the two states and give these probabilities. (My answers in red.) a. |0〉 and −|0〉 same b. |1〉 and i|1〉 same c. 1/√2 (|0〉 + |1〉) and 1/√2 (−|0〉 + i|1〉) different; measure 1/√2 (|0〉 + |1〉); probabilities 1 and 0 d. 1/√2 (|0〉 + |1〉) and 1/√2 (|0〉 − |1〉) different; measure 1/√2 (|0〉 + |1〉); probabilities 1 and 0 e. 1/√2 (|0〉 − |1〉) and 1/√2 (|1〉 − |0〉) same f. 1/√2 (|0〉 + i|1〉) and 1/√2 (i|1〉 − |0〉) different; measure 1/√2 (|0〉 + i|1〉); probabilities 1 and 0 g. 1/√2 (|+〉 + |−〉) and |0〉 same h. 1/√2 (|i〉 − |−i〉) and |1〉 same i. 1/√2 (|i〉 + |−i〉) and 1/√2 (|−〉 + |+〉) same j. 1/√2 (|0〉 + eiπ/4 |1〉) and 1/√2 (e−iπ/4 |0〉 + |1〉) same *Definitions: |+〉 = 1/√2 (|0〉 + |1〉) |−〉 = 1/√2 (|0〉 − |1〉) |i〉 = 1/√2 (|0〉 + i|1〉) |−i〉 = 1/√2 (|0〉 −i|1〉) [Rieffel, Eleanor G.; Polak, Wolfgang H.. Quantum Computing: A Gentle Introduction. The MIT Press.] Is everything OK?
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