Mayan and egyptian epoches coincide

Suhail Jalbout · November 9, 2008

MAYAN AND EGYPTIAN EPOCHS COINCIDE

BY SUHAIL JALBOUT

Two ancient societies, the Maya and the Egyptians, had the same cyclic epoch of approximately 5125 years. Each epoch is separated from the preceding one by a global world catastrophe.

The Maya, who lived in South America around 2000 B.C, had 5 epochs of world history. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th epochs happened in the remote past. Their 5th epoch will end on December 21, 2012. The Maya believed that on this date a global catastrophe would occur. The survivors would enter into the 5th dimension and become more in harmony with the universe.

Similarly, the ancient Egyptian priests had a "usual interval" or epoch which separates the recurrence of major universal cataclysms on earth. The period of their cycle was kept secret among themselves to avoid general public panic. However, realizing that during a major catastrophe they and their records might be destroyed, they have encoded the "usual interval" in the Great Pyramid. Their objective is to warn future generations of periodic global cataclysms on earth.

How I discovered the ancient Egyptians epoch or "usual interval" or the Maya's calendar in the Great Pyramid?

All the faces of the Great Pyramid meet at one point, the apex. This means the height of the pyramid may be considered as a time scale. That is to say, the height is a time span that starts from a large base representing the progress and prosperity of a civilization and rises to a peak at the apex representing catastrophe. The Egyptians, who built the Great Pyramid, must have had this picture in mind when they chose the height of the pyramid. They intentionally selected the number 28 for its height since this number points to their scale, the 1 cubit subdivisions. It was chosen because they wanted to inform future generations that the height represents a scale for measuring time not length. Hence, in looking at the pyramid with its height of 280 cubits, we are looking at a time span which is, in fact, the "usual interval". The latter can be easily obtained once the height of the pyramid is converted into time. To perform the conversion, a time scale factor is required.

The Grand Gallery is a step pyramid inside the Great Pyramid representing a time module. It has a slope of 26 degrees and a height, which is measured perpendicular to the base, that varies between 8.48 and 8.74 meters. Thus, the average height is 8.61 meters or 16.431 cubits. The ancient Egyptians selected this height on purpose to indicate that the time factor is 16.431 years at a slope of 26 degrees. Since the time factor should be calculated on a vertical axis parallel to the Great Pyramid's height, the vertical component of the time factor is:

16.431 / cos 26 = 16.431 / 0.898 = 18.297 years

Based on the above, the "usual interval" or the Egyptian epoch is calculated by multiplying the time scale by the time scale factor. Therefore, the usual interval is:

The Egyptian "usual interval" or epoch is: 280 x 18.297 = 5123 years

The Mayan epoch or calendar or "usual interval" is: 5125 years

Somebody may ask: Why the height of the Great Pyramid is exactly 280 cubits while the height of the Grand Gallery has a minor deviation?

My answer to this question is as follows:

The length of the Grand Gallery is 91.37 cubits or 47.877 meters. The ceiling and the floor are parallel to each other and both are sloping upwards at 26° to the base of the pyramid. Its height varies between 8.48 and 8.74 meters which means the error is ± 13 cm with respect to its average height of 861 cm. Most probably its height was consistent at first but due to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and floods that settling gradually made it uneven.

I have done some digging to find out if major catastrophic events happened since the Great Pyramid was built 4600 years ago. Following is a short list covering evidence of major floods, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that may have caused uneven settling to the floor of the Grand Gallery:

1.The French professor, Claude Schaeffer, made enormous excavations in the Near East and came to the conclusion that a devastating catastrophe occurred in Asia Minor, Caucuses, Indian Plateau, the Middle East, and Egypt between 2400-2300 B.C. The catastrophe was so enormous that everything was simultaneously destroyed. It spread ruins to the valley of the Nile and terminated the Old Kingdom period. All the cities of Caucasus, Anatolia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Jordan and Cyprus were completely destroyed. It was such an encompassing catastrophe, sudden and simultaneous, that the walls of all these cities were thrown from their foundations.

2. Evidence of a seawater flood in Egypt was attributed to Herodotus. Upon his visit to Egypt in 443 B.C, he observed seashells in the Egyptian desert and a high salt concentration in the soil. Also he found remains of seashells at the foot of the Great Pyramid.

3.P.Tomkins in his book "Secrets of the Great Pyramid" mentions that salt deposits were found in the Queen’s Chamber of the Great Pyramid. He writes: The walls of the Queen’s Chamber are unblemished limestone blocks, beautifully finished, but early explorers found them mysteriously encrusted with salt as much as half an inch thick."

4. Salt deposits in the Great Pyramid are mentioned in the article by Martin Gray, "The Great Pyramid of Egypt": The locations where the salts are found, in the Great Pyramid, are consistent with the monument having been submerged half-way up its height.

5. In 1965, two American scientists, D. Ninkovich and B. Heezen, published a paper in which they presented evidence regarding the eruption of the volcanic island of Thera, located north of Crete in the eastern Mediterranean. The excavated cultural remains reveal that there was an explosion on the island around 1500 B.C. The explosion caused massive destruction to the island and put an end to the Minoan Empire. Originally, the Great Pyramid was near the banks of the river Nile. The huge tidal wave from the Mediterranean Sea, caused by the explosion, would raise the Nile and flood the areas surrounding it including the great Pyramid.

There are other theories which claim that the Great Pyramid was not built in the Old Kingdom but at a much earlier date, around 10000 B.C. I have found also possible evidence of a global catastrophe that may have occurred after this date. The data below reveals that a major cataclysm happened all over the world between 10000 and 9000 B.C. Its devastating powers, in Egypt, may have caused settling to the ramp of the Grand Gallery. The following are a few examples:

1. ‘In 1975, C. Emiliani, of the University of Miami, analyzed the fossil remnants of microscopic organisms under the sediments of the floor of the Gulf of Mexico. From his studies, he concluded that 11,000 years ago [9000 B.C.], the Gulf of Mexico contained water that was much less salty than it is today. He suggests that the ice sheet has undergone sudden melting and that a vast flood of water had entered the Gulf of Mexico and raised the sea level markedly’.

2. Professor J. Shaw, of Queen’s University, Canada, estimated that 82,000 cubic kilometers of water may have poured out from the ice to form the Drumlin Field in Saskatchewan, Canada. The largest river in the world, the Amazon, takes 10 years to discharge the same amount of water into the Atlantic Ocean. The estimated date for this flood is between 10000 and 9000 B.C.

3. The Columbia Basin, in USA, was probably the scene of the greatest stream of water for which there is geological evidence. One reference dates the flood to between 13000 and 10000 B.C, another dates it to between 11000 and 9000 B.C. Water spread from the Spokane valley over to the Columbian Basin that has a size larger than France, Switzerland, and Belgium put together. The maximum flow rate of the water is estimated at 62 cubic kilometers per hour, a rate that is 15 times the combined flow rate of all the rivers of the world.

4. A wall of water, 500 meters high, surged down the Chuja River Valley from the Altai Mountains in Siberia at 144 km per hour. The estimated date of this flood is between 12000 and 10000 B.C.

5. In 10000 B.C, the river Nile swell in size 1,000 folds.

6. Between 10000 and 9000 B.C, the Gulf Stream stopped its flow in the Atlantic Ocean abruptly. As a result, Britain and Europe froze for 1,300 years and icebergs appeared as far as Portugal.

7. About 9000 B.C, there were severe changes in the large mammal population in many parts of the world. In North America, 8 large mammal species became extinct including mastodons and mammoth.

8. In Alaska, millions of frozen animals and trees were found mingled together in what could only be attributed to a terrible catastrophe. Millions of animals, such as mammoth, mastodon, and bison were found ‘torn limb from limb’. Trees were uprooted and thrown with animals in a haphazard fashion. Frank Hibben, a professor of archaeology, visited Alaska in 1941. He wrote: ‘In many places the Alaskan muck blanket is packed with animal bones and debris in trainload lots.… Within this mass, frozen solid lie the twisted parts of animals and trees intermingled with lenses of ice and layers of peat and mosses. It looks as though in the middle of some catacystimic catastrophe.… the whole Alaskan world of living animals and plants was suddenly frozen in mid-motion in grim charade.’ The estimated dating of the catastrophe is between 11000 and 9000 B.C.

9. Evidence of the worldwide destruction of mammals is found in the Siwalik Hills, foothills of the Himalayas, central Burma, Europe, Asia, and Siberia. The estimated remains of extinct animals along the rivers of northern Siberia are 10 million. N.K. Vereshchagin of the Zoology Institute in Leningrad estimates that the arctic coastal plain between Yana and Koyma alone contains at least half a million tons of mammoth tusks. The estimated date for the disappearance of the mammoth is between 11000 and 9000 B.C.

10. The islands of Leakhov, Stolbovoin, Belkov, and the New Siberean Island are packed with mammoth bones. Some skeletons and carcasses were found complete, but the majority was torn about by a gigantic force. Microscopic studies of the skin revealed red blood corpuscles, a sign of sudden death by suffocation. Also, the explorers of the New Siberian Island found some trees uprooted and others partly up-right and buried in the frozen soil. They believe a forest existed on the Island before it was suddenly devastated between 10000-9000 B.C.

11. According to Solon, the Egyptian priest informed him that the continent of Atlantis vanished under the sea around 9500 B.C.

12. Spartel Island, an island close to the Strait of Gibraltar, vanished under the sea around 9000 B.C.

13. According to geological evidence, a cataclysm occurred on Earth between 10000-9000 B.C. It brought about the end of one geological era (Pleistocene) and ushered in a new one (Holocene).

14. The Sahara Desert in Africa was the home of a flourishing civilization. It had jungles, rivers, and possibly a lake. The change in its appearance was brought about by an acute change in temperature and climatic conditions. It is believed that around 9000 B.C. a cataclysm occurred on Earth, causing the Sahara to convert from an inhabited land into a desert. In 1994, when the space shuttle Endeavour took a radar scan of the Sahara, it revealed an ancient river channel buried under the surface of the desert.

From the foregoing data, it is just amazing that the error in the height of the Grand Gallery is only ± 13 cm.

END NOTES & REFERENCES are available upon request.

**mooeypoo** · November 9, 2008

.... I don't quite get your point.

Bignose · November 9, 2008

END NOTES & REFERENCES are available upon request.

Ok, I'll request them. Peer reviewed sources as much as possible, please.

Edtharan · November 10, 2008

The Maya, who lived in South America around 2000 B.C, had 5 epochs of world history. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th epochs happened in the remote past. Their 5th epoch will end on December 21, 2012. The Maya believed that on this date a global catastrophe would occur. The survivors would enter into the 5th dimension and become more in harmony with the universe.

The Maya didn't know about the 4th dimension, so how could they have made the claim that the survivors would be taken to the 5th dimension. Also, "dimension" is just: A direction of measurement perpendicular to all other dimensions.

The term "Dimension" has been so misused by 3rd rate sci-fi authors that this misunderstanding has permeated into popular culture and then used because it "sounds technical". It is used like a magic spell or technobabble, it is used to baffle the audience (people who don't actually know what Dimension really means).

As an amateur magician there is a maxim that is often used: "If you can't impress them with intelligence, then baffle them with Bullshit."

It is from a quote by someone, but I don't know who.

All the faces of the Great Pyramid meet at one point, the apex.

Actually, no. There is a face on the bottom of the pyramid and it doesn't meet at the apex.

This means the height of the pyramid may be considered as a time scale.

This does not follow. Maybe you could explain you reasoning more.

It is a bit like saying: A cube has all sides equal, therefore it represent space. It does not actually make sense without the explanation of why you think it represents what it does.

That is to say, the height is a time span that starts from a large base representing the progress and prosperity of a civilization and rises to a peak at the apex representing catastrophe.

This is a logical fallacy called: Begging the Question.

IF the pyramid it representative of a timeline of catastrophe, then it therefore represents a time of catastrophe.

The question is, what if the pyramid is not supposed to be representative of a catastrophic timeline? As you haven't established this fact, other than using the conclusions based on the pyramid being a timeline of catastrophe.

You are using the conclusion to prove the premise that the conclusion is based on. This does not actually prove the initial premise. You need to provide proof that is not based on the initial premise.

1.The French professor, Claude Schaeffer, made enormous excavations in the Near East and came to the conclusion that a devastating catastrophe occurred in Asia Minor, Caucuses, Indian Plateau, the Middle East, and Egypt between 2400-2300 B.C. The catastrophe was so enormous that everything was simultaneously destroyed. It spread ruins to the valley of the Nile and terminated the Old Kingdom period. All the cities of Caucasus, Anatolia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Jordan and Cyprus were completely destroyed. It was such an encompassing catastrophe, sudden and simultaneous, that the walls of all these cities were thrown from their foundations.

So from a single dig in a single place he come to the conclusion that a wide spread disaster destroyed everything in that massive area simultaneously. This would classify as a Hasty Generalisation logical fallacy.

Not only that, this catastrophe does not fit in with the time line you propose where by another catastrophe occurs in 2012.

If your time line and this evidence you presented are correct, then there should be a period of 5125 years between these catastrophes.

If there was one in 2400bc, then lets add 5125 to that which give us: 2725AD (2300bc would give us: 2825AD). So it seems like we have a few years left. :rolleyes:

This "evidence" disproves you claim that either the next catastrophe will occur in 2012, that the catastrophes are cyclic, that the Egyptians were able to predict these catastrophes or that the claims by the Archaeologists are correct. However,if any of these are wrong, your entire hypothesis is incorrect, and one of them has to be wrong. :doh:

3.P.Tomkins in his book "Secrets of the Great Pyramid" mentions that salt deposits were found in the Queen’s Chamber of the Great Pyramid. He writes: The walls of the Queen’s Chamber are unblemished limestone blocks, beautifully finished, but early explorers found them mysteriously encrusted with salt as much as half an inch thick."

Even in the recent Tsunami in Indonesia, it didn't leave salt deposits of this thickness. So there must have been some other cause for these deposits. Actually in Egypt, Salt was a valuable commodity (it was also known as Natron). Even into Roman times Salt was very valuable (hence the term Salary, which share the same linguistic root as Salt). This means there is another more plausible explanation for the salt deposits, being the "treasure" that was buried. Also, Salt was used in mummification rituals as it desiccated the corpse.

5. In 1965, two American scientists, D. Ninkovich and B. Heezen, published a paper in which they presented evidence regarding the eruption of the volcanic island of Thera, located north of Crete in the eastern Mediterranean. The excavated cultural remains reveal that there was an explosion on the island around 1500 B.C. The explosion caused massive destruction to the island and put an end to the Minoan Empire. Originally, the Great Pyramid was near the banks of the river Nile. The huge tidal wave from the Mediterranean Sea, caused by the explosion, would raise the Nile and flood the areas surrounding it including the great Pyramid.

So now we have dates ranging from 2400bc to 1500bc as the date for the last catastrophe, however, all these dates still do not allow, using the time period you say is written into the structure of the Great Pyramid itself, the time of the next catastrophe to be in 2012.

You would need to give proof of a catastrophe in 3113bc for this claim to be true. And, as the dating is so exact (a specific day on a specific year) for the next catastrophe, you would also have to show specific dating for the last catastrophe.

There are other theories which claim that the Great Pyramid was not built in the Old Kingdom but at a much earlier date, around 10000 B.C. I have found also possible evidence of a global catastrophe that may have occurred after this date. The data below reveals that a major cataclysm happened all over the world between 10000 and 9000 B.C. Its devastating powers, in Egypt, may have caused settling to the ramp of the Grand Gallery. The following are a few examples:

IF you are right, the dates still do not match with you claim that the next catastrophe will occur in 2012ad.

Show proof that a global disaster occurred some time in 3113BC and your claims might be a bit more solid (it still wont prove it though).

Also, if these disasters are periodic (like you claim) then you will also have to show that they occurred in 8238BC too (although it is close to your 9000bc time, it is still over 700 years off, and archaeologists can pinpoint dates this old to a margin of error less than this).

10. The islands of Leakhov, Stolbovoin, Belkov, and the New Siberean Island are packed with mammoth bones. Some skeletons and carcasses were found complete, but the majority was torn about by a gigantic force. Microscopic studies of the skin revealed red blood corpuscles, a sign of sudden death by suffocation. Also, the explorers of the New Siberian Island found some trees uprooted and others partly up-right and buried in the frozen soil. They believe a forest existed on the Island before it was suddenly devastated between 10000-9000 B.C.

Mammoths existed in an Ice Age. This means that when they died, they would have been frozen and not decomposed. They have even found frozen Mammoths still intact today.

So over the period of the Ice Age, Mammoths would have crossed frozen river and occasionally one would fall in and drown (death by suffocation?). Over the thousands of years that the Ice Age existed, there would have been a lot of mammoths that would have died this way and they would accumulate in places where they would be washed by the river.

This completely explains this "evidence" that you ahve presented about the Mammoths and other animals. If you note, all these proofs of Disaster occur in places that would have been covered in the Ice Age.

This Global Disaster that you are talking about is the end of the Ice Age, and we know about it already (and it wasn't sudden, it occurred over thousands of years). :doh:

JohnB · November 10, 2008

Like Bignose, I also request your proofs.

As an aside, the Egyptian priests told Solon that there had been 9 floods. This would only fit your 5,000 year cycle if you are going to allow Manetho to be totally correct in his Knig List and allow Egyptian history to go back some 45,000 years to the time of the Gods.

Note also that the previous "cycles" in the Mayan and Aztec calendars ended in Fire, not flood.

Edtharan, I agree with the vast majority of what you wrote, except for the very last part. I've also read reports of jumbled and smashed bones and trees. These range from Siberia to Alaska to Malta to the Andes. Unfortunately none of the "accounts" provide a reference. I hope our thread starter can do this.

The end of the Ice Age was beset by enormous earthquakes, there may be grounds for assuming a cataclysm of some kind.

Suhail Jalbout · November 15, 2008

MAYAN AND EGYPTIAN EPOCHS COINCIDE

BY SUHAIL JALBOUT{1}

Two ancient societies, the Maya and the Egyptians, had the same cyclic epoch of approximately 5125 years. Each epoch is separated from the preceding one by a global world catastrophe.

The Maya, who lived in South America around 2000 B.C,{2} had 5 epochs of world history. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th epochs happened in the remote past. Their 5th epoch will end on December 21, 2012. The Maya believed that on this date a global catastrophe would occur. The survivors would enter into the 5th dimension and become more in harmony with the universe.{3}

Similarly, the ancient Egyptian priests had a "usual interval" or epoch which separates the recurrence of major universal cataclysms on earth.{4} The period of their cycle was kept secret among themselves to avoid general public panic. However, realizing that during a major catastrophe they and their records might be destroyed, they have encoded the "usual interval" in the Great Pyramid. Their objective is to warn future generations of periodic global cataclysms on earth.

How I discovered the ancient Egyptians epoch or "usual interval" or the Maya's calendar in the Great Pyramid?

All the faces of the Great Pyramid meet at one point, the apex. This means the height of the pyramid may be considered as a time scale. That is to say, the height is a time span that starts from a large base representing the progress and prosperity of a civilization and rises to a peak at the apex representing catastrophe. The Egyptians, who built the Great Pyramid, must have had this picture in mind when they chose the height of the pyramid. They intentionally selected the number 28 for its height since this number points to their scale, the 1 cubit subdivisions. It was chosen because they wanted to inform future generations that the height represents a scale for measuring time not length. Hence, in looking at the pyramid with its height of 280 cubits, we are looking at a time span which is, in fact, the "usual interval". {5}The latter can be easily obtained once the height of the pyramid is converted into time. To perform the conversion, a time scale factor is required.

The Grand Gallery is a step pyramid inside the Great Pyramid representing a time module. It has a slope of 26 degrees and a height, which is measured perpendicular to the base, that varies between 8.48 and 8.74 meters. Thus, the average height is 8.61 meters or 16.431 cubits. {6}The ancient Egyptians selected this height on purpose to indicate that the time factor is 16.431 years at a slope of 26 degrees. Since the time factor should be calculated on a vertical axis parallel to the Great Pyramid's height, the vertical component of the time factor is:

16.431 / cos 26 = 16.431 / 0.898 = 18.297 years

Based on the above, the "usual interval" or the Egyptian epoch is calculated by multiplying the time scale by the time scale factor. Therefore, the usual interval is:

The Egyptian "usual interval" or epoch is: 280 x 18.297 = 5123 years

The Mayan epoch or calendar or "usual interval" is: 5125 years

Somebody may ask: Why the height of the Great Pyramid is exactly 280 cubits while the height of the Grand Gallery has a minor deviation?

My answer to this question is as follows:

The length of the Grand Gallery is 91.37 cubits or 47.877 meters. The ceiling and the floor are parallel to each other and both are sloping upwards at 26° to the base of the pyramid. Its height varies between 8.48 and 8.74 meters which means the error is ± 13 cm with respect to its average height of 861 cm. Most probably its height was consistent at first but due to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and floods that settling gradually made it uneven.

I have done some digging to find out if major catastrophic events happened since the Great Pyramid was built 4600 years ago. Following is a short list covering evidence of major floods, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that may have caused uneven settling to the floor of the Grand Gallery:

1.The French professor, Claude Schaeffer, made enormous excavations in the Near East and came to the conclusion that a devastating catastrophe occurred in Asia Minor, Caucuses, Indian Plateau, the Middle East, and Egypt between 2400-2300 B.C. The catastrophe was so enormous that everything was simultaneously destroyed. It spread ruins to the valley of the Nile and terminated the Old Kingdom period. All the cities of Caucasus, Anatolia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Jordan and Cyprus were completely destroyed. It was such an encompassing catastrophe, sudden and simultaneous, that the walls of all these cities were thrown from their foundations.{7}

2. Evidence of a seawater flood in Egypt was attributed to Herodotus. Upon his visit to Egypt in 443 B.C, he observed seashells in the Egyptian desert and a high salt concentration in the soil. Also he found remains of seashells at the foot of the Great Pyramid.{8}

3.P.Tomkins in his book "Secrets of the Great Pyramid" mentions that salt deposits were found in the Queen’s Chamber of the Great Pyramid. He writes: The walls of the Queen’s Chamber are unblemished limestone blocks, beautifully finished, but early explorers found them mysteriously encrusted with salt as much as half an inch thick." {9}

4. Salt deposits in the Great Pyramid are mentioned in the article by Martin Gray, "The Great Pyramid of Egypt": The locations where the salts are found, in the Great Pyramid, are consistent with the monument having been submerged half-way up its height.{10}

5. In 1965, two American scientists, D. Ninkovich and B. Heezen, published a paper in which they presented evidence regarding the eruption of the volcanic island of Thera, located north of Crete in the eastern Mediterranean. The excavated cultural remains reveal that there was an explosion on the island around 1500 B.C. The explosion caused massive destruction to the island and put an end to the Minoan Empire. Originally, the Great Pyramid was near the banks of the river Nile. The huge tidal wave from the Mediterranean Sea, caused by the explosion, would raise the Nile and flood the areas surrounding it including the great Pyramid.{11}

There are other theories which claim that the Great Pyramid was not built in the Old Kingdom but at a much earlier date, around 10000 B.C. I have found also possible evidence of a global catastrophe that may have occurred after this date. The data below reveals that a major cataclysm happened all over the world between 10000 and 9000 B.C. Its devastating powers, in Egypt, may have caused settling to the ramp of the Grand Gallery. The following are a few examples:

1. ‘In 1975, C. Emiliani, of the University of Miami, analyzed the fossil remnants of microscopic organisms under the sediments of the floor of the Gulf of Mexico. From his studies, he concluded that 11,000 years ago [9000 B.C.], the Gulf of Mexico contained water that was much less salty than it is today. He suggests that the ice sheet has undergone sudden melting and that a vast flood of water had entered the Gulf of Mexico and raised the sea level markedly’. {12}

2. Professor J. Shaw, of Queen’s University, Canada, estimated that 82,000 cubic kilometers of water may have poured out from the ice to form the Drumlin Field in Saskatchewan, Canada. The largest river in the world, the Amazon, takes 10 years to discharge the same amount of water into the Atlantic Ocean. The estimated date for this flood is between 10000 and 9000 B.C.{13}

3. The Columbia Basin, in USA, was probably the scene of the greatest stream of water for which there is geological evidence. One reference dates the flood to between 13000 and 10000 B.C, another dates it to between 11000 and 9000 B.C. Water spread from the Spokane valley over to the Columbian Basin that has a size larger than France, Switzerland, and Belgium put together. The maximum flow rate of the water is estimated at 62 cubic kilometers per hour, a rate that is 15 times the combined flow rate of all the rivers of the world.{14}

4. A wall of water, 500 meters high, surged down the Chuja River Valley from the Altai Mountains in Siberia at 144 km per hour. The estimated date of this flood is between 12000 and 10000 B.C.{15}

5. In 10000 B.C, the river Nile swell in size 1,000 folds.{16}

6. Between 10000 and 9000 B.C, the Gulf Stream stopped its flow in the Atlantic Ocean abruptly. As a result, Britain and Europe froze for 1,300 years and icebergs appeared as far as Portugal.{17}

7. About 9000 B.C, there were severe changes in the large mammal population in many parts of the world. In North America, 8 large mammal species became extinct including mastodons and mammoth.{18}

8. In Alaska, millions of frozen animals and trees were found mingled together in what could only be attributed to a terrible catastrophe. Millions of animals, such as mammoth, mastodon, and bison were found ‘torn limb from limb’. Trees were uprooted and thrown with animals in a haphazard fashion. Frank Hibben, a professor of archaeology, visited Alaska in 1941. He wrote: ‘In many places the Alaskan muck blanket is packed with animal bones and debris in trainload lots.… Within this mass, frozen solid lie the twisted parts of animals and trees intermingled with lenses of ice and layers of peat and mosses. It looks as though in the middle of some catacystimic catastrophe.… the whole Alaskan world of living animals and plants was suddenly frozen in mid-motion in grim charade.’ The estimated dating of the catastrophe is between 11000 and 9000 B.C.{19}

9. Evidence of the worldwide destruction of mammals is found in the Siwalik Hills, foothills of the Himalayas, central Burma, Europe, Asia, and Siberia. The estimated remains of extinct animals along the rivers of northern Siberia are 10 million. N.K. Vereshchagin of the Zoology Institute in Leningrad estimates that the arctic coastal plain between Yana and Koyma alone contains at least half a million tons of mammoth tusks. The estimated date for the disappearance of the mammoth is between 11000 and 9000 B.C.{20}

10. The islands of Leakhov, Stolbovoin, Belkov, and the New Siberean Island are packed with mammoth bones. Some skeletons and carcasses were found complete, but the majority was torn about by a gigantic force. Microscopic studies of the skin revealed red blood corpuscles, a sign of sudden death by suffocation. Also, the explorers of the New Siberian Island found some trees uprooted and others partly up-right and buried in the frozen soil. They believe a forest existed on the Island before it was suddenly devastated between 10000-9000 B.C. {21}

11. According to Solon, the Egyptian priest informed him that the continent of Atlantis vanished under the sea around 9500 B.C.{22}

12. Spartel Island, an island close to the Strait of Gibraltar, vanished under the sea around 9000 B.C.{23}

13. According to geological evidence, a cataclysm occurred on Earth between 10000-9000 B.C. It brought about the end of one geological era (Pleistocene) and ushered in a new one (Holocene).{24}

14. The Sahara Desert in Africa was the home of a flourishing civilization. It had jungles, rivers, and possibly a lake. The change in its appearance was brought about by an acute change in temperature and climatic conditions. It is believed that around 9000 B.C. a cataclysm occurred on Earth, causing the Sahara to convert from an inhabited land into a desert. In 1994, when the space shuttle Endeavour took a radar scan of the Sahara, it revealed an ancient river channel buried under the surface of the desert.{25}

From the foregoing data it is just amazing that the error in the height of the Grand Gallery is only ± 13 cm.

END NOTES & REFERENCES

1 http://www.planeteroid.com

2 http://www.native-languages.org/composition/maya- culture.htmlhttp://www.adishakti.org/mayan_end_times_prophecy_12-21-2012.html

3 http://www.diagnosis2012.co.uk/5thsun.htm

4 Luce,J.V. The End of Atlantis. London: Thames & Hudson, 1969: 207

Jalbout, Suhail. The Warning in Stone. Beirut: Arab Scientific Publishers, 2004: 14

5 http://www.touregypt.net/cheops.html

http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/greatpyramid1.htm

6 Ibid

7 http:http://www.grazia-narchive.com/quantavolution/QuantaHTML/vol_11/burning_of_troy_p1_06.htm and abob.libs.uga.edu/bobk/ccc/cc082499.html and personal.eunef.fi/pp/tilmari/tilmari2.htm

8 http://www.theosophy-nw.org/theosnw/world/med/eg-vonk.htm

9 Tompkins, Peter. Secrets of the Great Pyramid. New York: Harper & Row, 1950

10 http://www.meteor.co.nz/aug96_2.html

11 http://www.messiah.org/theraref.htm and http://mentok.com/biblarch/thera.htm

12 http://www.bearfabrique.org/floods/mfloods.html

13 Ibid

14 http://www.dnr.wa.gov/geology/columbia.htm

15 http://www.science-frontiers.com/sf092g08.htm

16 http://www.world-mysteries.com/mpl_2_4.htm

17 http://maritimes.buffaloimc.org:8080/news/2004/02/

7311_comment.php

18 http://www.american.edu/TED/mammoth.htm