Quantum Wave Cosmology the early steps

[brain-in-a-vat]

This thread takes us back to the drawing board on QWC. The "Casual Question" thread introduced Quantum Wave Cosmology and explained that it had evolved over a few years in various forums. The purpose of the "Casual Question" thread was to see if it was appropriate to present the ideas of QWC on this forum. It turned out that this was the right place, but that thread got into advanced ideas without building up to them. The community generally didn't get engaged into a discussion of the ideas until I mentioned photon mass and that cause members to explain current theory and make reference to gauge theory, particle theory, etc. from the stand point that photon mass went against what we think we know about photons and that photons don't need to have mass because they act exactly like they would if they were affected by the curvature of spacetime.

 

I decided to go back to step one here and see if anyone would participate, and even if you don't, you will see the ideas as they have unfolded over the years in various forums where brainstorming and discussion of ideas has been taking place.

 

The very beginning of the ideas of Quantum Wave Cosmology

The key ideas in step one and step two:

 

The standard model begins at 10^-43 seconds after expansion of our observable universe began. There is no mention of what was before that.

 

QWC is about ideas of what might of have been before that.

 

Idea one is that the event that caused the expansion that we observe had its origin in a big crunch.

 

Idea two is about the greater universe that surrounded that big crunch.

 

Standard theory doesn’t address the volume or energy of the space from which our expanding universe emerged but certainly the implied size was from “smaller than a bread box” to a point in space, and the energy was at or approaching infinite density.

 

QWC has the idea that there was existing space and energy prior to the event, and that the greater universe that existed is of a nature that makes the described event a common event in the landscape of the greater universe instead of a single event that marked the beginning of space-time.

 

QWC has the idea that there is a limit to the maximum possible energy density.

 

QWC has the idea that matter requires space (sufficient space) to function and that when matter is compressed toward maximum energy density that matter is negated into energy.

 

QWC has the idea that matter ceases to function when it is negated.

 

QWC has the idea that gravity is a function of mass, and when matter ceases to function there are no functioning particles or waves and gravity ceases.

 

I would like comments about these ideas or related ideas that address the time of and immediately before the point where standard theory begins.

 

Obviously this is not a scientific discussion, just a discussion of the possibilities.

 

Do you think there was a “before” the Big Bang?

 

Do you think that the idea that the Big Bang was preceded by a big crunch has much merit?

 

Do you think there is a direct connection between mass and gravity?

 

The gist of the view offered so far in my "Casual Question" thread in this forum is that it is irrelevant to talk about these things or we can’t know or don’t yet know, etc. I’m looking for people who have the personal make up that allows discussion of reasonable and responsible views about “before” the Big Bang.

 

The basis of QWC is that science has limits but the physical universe is all there, complete, and consistent. Everything works together and everything is connected. Going back in the QWC process will give everyone a chance to reshape it through participation or at least to understand what it is and what the ideas are as they evolved to where they stand now.

 

QWC is a physical picture being drawn step by step on the internet in various forums where ideas are offered, discussed, and evolved. These are “bottom up” ideas referred to as “reasonable and responsible speculation” and are not based on new observations or experiments. Existing science is accepted as the best we can do with the tools we have to work with, but QWC is a set of ideas of the physical picture of the universe starting where science ends and cannot yet go.

 

The big crunch is just one of the possible scenarios of what preceded the initial expansion of our universe. It is “idea one” in QWC but everything in QWC is tentative and open to revision. Come up with a better scenario and we will discuss it here. Until then, the idea is that there was a big crunch that burst in a time frame consistent with the 13.7 billion year history of our expanding universe.

 

Of course it is easy to go from step one to the next question. “OK, so our expanding universe was encompassed in a big crunch 13 or 14 billion years ago. How did it get out of the crunch and into expansion?”

 

And that is where the brainstorming went next; there was an event that corresponds to the Big Bang and if that event was preceded by a big crunch, the crunch was the source of our expanding universe. What caused the emergence? What exactly emerged, energy, particles, waves? What were the conditions at that time of the burst, hot, warm, cold, explosion, burst of energy, etc.?

 

All of these ideas have been brainstormed in the past and QWC is the consensus of participants, sometimes by agreement and sometimes by my own selection. The more participation there is as QWC evolves, the better the evolved product.

 

Are there any comments on this post or about any of the early QWC ideas listed here?

 

~QWC has the idea that there was existing space and energy prior to the event (burst of a big crunch), and that the greater universe that existed is of a nature that makes the described event a common event in the landscape of the greater universe instead of a single event that marked the beginning of space-time.

 

~QWC has the idea that there is a limit to the maximum possible energy density.

 

~QWC has the idea that matter requires space (sufficient space) to function and that when matter is compressed toward maximum energy density that matter is negated into energy.

 

~QWC has the idea that matter ceases to function when it is negated.

 

~QWC has the idea that gravity is a function of mass, and when matter ceases to function there are no functioning particles or waves and gravity ceases.

 

All of these ideas have explanations that describe them in the context of a physical picture.

 

Please respond early and often to this post and subsequent posts in this thread and make your comments, observations, and ideas known now or soon after they come to mind. If you don’t do that then this thread will go beyond where you are comfortable for discussions to go, and you won’t have even have raised a single objection.

 

Please avoid the common misconception that QWC is about known science theory or that it tries to tell scientist anything that they don't know. That brings me to QWC Rule #1: Please remember that ideas in QWC are about things that happen at levels of order that we cannot yet observe and therefore are not addressed by mainstream science to any remarkable degree.

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Let me explain the steps and address your questions that way.

 

These are just ideas for discussion about the concept of a greater universe.

 

The concept of a “greater universe” is derived from the concept that a big crunch preceded the initial expansion of our observable universe.

 

There are various scenarios about how a big crunch could form. The method of formation was brainstormed with individuals and on the internet several years ago. Indications that expansion is accelerating were considered signs that unless something occurred to interrupt the expansion, the final outcome would be the heat death of the universe as entropy increased.

 

The reason for expecting that there is more to the universe than our lone expanding arena is based on the idea that energy cannot be created or destroyed, and so all energy has always existed. Over endless time it was concluded that if the final outcome of the universe was the “heat death” scenario, it would have happened already. Since it hasn’t happened the reasonable and responsible conclusion was that something interrupts the expansion of arenas and leads to the formation of new arenas.

 

What could interrupt the expansion of our observable universe? An intersection and overlap with another expanding universe was suggested and that idea leads to the concept of the “greater universe” and the formation of big crunches from the overlap of intersecting arenas.

 

My reference to existing space and energy means that the big bang was not the beginning of space and time. Within that space that has always existed, big crunches and bursts are common events. The commonality of crunches introduces the concept of a greater universe and is not meant to lead you to think of the concept of a cyclical LQC ( Loop Quantum Cosmology) type of universe. Instead it is a multi verse where each arena is similar to our expanding universe, but the arenas are in various stages of expansion, overlap, or collapse.

 

The greater universe is an important concept because it demotes our entire expanding “universe” to an insignificant arena in the arena landscape of a greater universe. We live in an insignificant expanding arena in a greater universe that has always existed and has always been characterized by a landscape where arenas form here and there across space and time in response to an “arena process”. There is a history of a potentially infinite number of different arenas that each began from overlaps of preceding arenas, formed into big crunches and then burst into expanding arenas in their own right in accord with that process.

 

Our expanding observable universe is a single arena, and all arenas are similar due to the process that causes arenas to form and burst into expansion. There are multiple but similar arenas in various stages of expansion and overlap at any time across the landscape of the greater universe. The greater universe is good ole fashioned 3-D Euclidean space that extends endlessly in all directions.

 

Arenas don’t collapse into big crunches in a cyclical fashion; they expand and overlap with each other. Picture our expanding “universe” encountering a similar expanding universe and envision them overlapping as they continue to expand.

 

 

The overlaps that are occurring all over in this landscape of the greater universe mark the origin of future big crunches. The effect of overlapping arenas interrupts the expansion momentum of each of the arena segments that are caught up in the overlap.

 

In the overlap, with expansion interrupted, gravity takes control over the mixing and mingling galaxies that find themselves in swirling rendezvous with each other as the two expanding arenas intersect. A new center of gravity forms at the center of the overlap space and eventually the galactic matter from the overlap of two arenas collapses into a big crunch composed of galactic remnants from the two contributing arenas.

 

 

This is similar to the formation of a black hole accept it is on a much grander scale. Whole galaxies swirl into the big crunch by the billions perhaps over a period of billions, maybe trillions of years, but the time frame is impossible to quantify since we can’t even see the entirety of our own arena.

 

The cyclic crunch bang you might have thought of (maybe like LQC) is flawed IMHO because each cycle fails to retrieve all of the energy from the previous bounce and eventually fails to have enough recalled matter and energy to cause the next bounce, resulting in a final impotent crunch. That concept pales in comparison to the arena process in the endless vastness of QWC. The bounce concept does come into play at the quantum level in QWC but let's get the arena level into your physical picture before we go to the quantum level.

 

Can you form a physical picture from what I have described?

 

I'd like you to think about it for awhile and not reject it until I have gotten to the juicy part related to the concept of energy density; that is the key to the concept of what makes a big crunch burst into an expanding arena. Do at least come back and comment on this post if you would.

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Here is a response to my last post and my response to it from another forum:

Yes I think I understand. Do the arenas represent self-contained "4-spheres"' date=' where the overlap is dimensional, …

 

[/quote']No. Space can be described as the set of physical points that make up the greater universe. As such, there is a physical coordinate system in three dimensions and every point has a description consisting of its location in three dimensions.

 

Arenas all start with a finite minimum volume of space that contains energy at the maximum energy density.

 

I am referring to the negated core of the big crunch. A big crunch is common to all arenas, and every big crunch has physical location and momentum within the greater coordinate system when it forms.

 

Thus an arena begins as a specific quantity of energy and all arenas begin with essentially that same discrete amount of energy, i.e. they are quantized in terms of the initial energy content and in the initial amount of space that they occupy. Every arena at the point that it is quantized is the sole occupant of that space and the energy in that space is the energy of a single arena. Its location can be described in three dimensions and at that point in time it does not intersect with any other arena physically.

 

Arena quantization is a phase (or stage) in the process of “arena action” which I am going to describe after I have answered your question.

 

But from the instant that the arena bursts into expansion, its parameters of space and energy become dynamic and what was a single arena in its own set of coordinates within the greater universe as it formed begins to overlap with other arenas.

 

As an arena expands there can be a four-space description of it where the fourth dimension is energy density, a value that is continually changing at all points in the arena.

 

An arena forms from the overlap of two or more expanding arenas and so the value of the energy density in a point within the overlap space will contain the energy density of both arenas. Technically, the physical content of the space called the “overlap” is described as the combination of physical contents of perhaps several arenas that have expanded spatially, i.e. the remnants of an untold number of previous arenas. Those remnants exist because all arenas expand forever or until a portion of their contents get caught up in a collapsing overlap (that is destined to become a new big crunch). The remnants of previous arenas can be whole galaxies, galactic remnants, dark matter, and energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation, dark energy, and anything else that can be described as energy as opposed to empty space.

 

In QWC there is no empty space because energy itself occupies all space. All points in space are said to have energy density and the energy density at any point in space is constantly changing. The energy density at a point in space is said to be fluctuating.

 

or are they just traditionally spatially separated yet "really far away" from each other?

From the above did I explain it adequately to give you the picture of how arenas occupy space and how they can intersect and overlap in space?

 

The concept of how far they are away from each other is interesting. They all form in the same way and burst into expansion at the same rate of expansion, and therefore they always have a physical association with other arenas. But the distance that they are apart ... that depends on the length of time that they have been expanding from the location in space where they originated. An arena can burst and expand for a short time and then intersect another expanding arena making the distance between them equal to the time of that expansion. The distance from the location of the origins of two intersecting arenas can be measured as the sum of length of time that each arena has been expanding.

 

The idea is that the expansion profile of each arena is quite similar. As a note, since we have evidence that our arena expansion is accelerating the idea in QWC is that the profile of expansion of an arena includes acceleration over time, perhaps explained by the varying forces of expansion momentum and gravity.

 

Have you read much about the Great Attractor (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Attractor)?

Yes I have over the years, and what we know and new things we are always finding out about our “arena” are fascinating. Do you make the connection between the great attractor and all of the identified content within our arena vs. the possible physical nature of all arenas on the basis that the history of each individual arena has a great deal of commonality? In other words can you envision a physical picture of the greater universe made up of a potentially infinite number of dynamic arenas that can expand and overlap?

 

I am not saying do you believe that picture . What I’m saying is that is the picture that I want to convey for discussion.

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It's definitely interesting to think about!

 

1. Are there any unexplained phenomena that QWC purports to resolve? In other words...why was the theory developed?

Hi guest' date=' yes there are. As you may have noticed I get reamed a new hiney by the "our mutual friend" types because they say I can’t “Do Science”, so by even mentioning something that the QWC ideas could possibly resolve just brings on a new onslaught. I hope they attack me often because it always inspires me not to quit. Here are a few phenomena that apply to these beginning steps:

 

The cause of the Big Bang

The justification for the idea that a big crunch preceded the big bang, i.e. the way big crunches form

The existence of the greater universe and its role in the perpetual formation and potentially infinite expansion of each arena

The eternal history of the arena landscape of the greater universe that is characterized by the “arena process” that I plan to explain when I have answered your question[s']

The defeat of entropy which will be explained when I have explained the arena process

2. It seems to me that after a finite evolution of this system the expanding matter would be evenly distributed to where there are no "pockets of nothingness" as represented in your diagram, even on the edges of a big crunch (unless the "crunch" progresses more quickly than the surrounding matter expansion?)

#2 two is a statement about the distribution of matter throughout the greater universe if I read it right, followed by a question about the relationship between the formation of the big crunch and the nature of the material that makes up the crunch. If that is a fair test of my understanding of your comment and question, then:

 

First, you are right that after a reasonable finite time there would be a fairly consistent background of arena remnants distributed quite evenly across the entire greater universe. But the way I view that is that the background that you are envisioning has always been characteristic of the background distribution because the greater universe has always existed and has always been homogeneous and isotropic on a grand scale.

 

It is the QWC equivalent to the cosmic microwave background and dark matter but for me to even say that invokes mainstream theories that I don’t defend. I do defend the ideas of QWC to the extent that I can answer questions, enter into discussions, and make revisions to QWC as a result.

 

In QWC, the background exists everywhere and yet the arena process is undaunted because it controls the formation and negation of matter. Matter is negated when it enters a big crunch. And in QWC, when a big crunch bursts into expansion there is a period of matter formation that follows shortly thereafter. That newly formed matter forms from the expanding ball of energy as the arena wave of energy spreads through the background. There has been some interesting brainstorming done about the constituents of the energy density environment during the matter formation stage of the arena process (arena action).

 

I cannot quantify the time frames when matter formation takes place, but the radius of the expanding ball of dark energy that emerges from a big crunch is always similar when the energy density of the expanding arena reaches the energy density that accommodates matter formation. If we know that radius, and if we know the rate of expansion profile, we would know the length of time that passes from the burst to the formation of matter within the newly expanding arena.

 

Both the negation of matter in a big crunch and the formation of matter during the early expansion of a big burst are controlled by energy density. Matter must be compressed by heat and pressure in a crunch to become negated into dense state energy and that occurs between the boundary of the high energy density limit in which matter can function, and the ultimate boundary of the maximum energy density possible.

I'll have to give your explanation more attention later - I only had time to quickly peruse it...

Take your time. If I post some things before you get back to it, I will always be able to come back here to where we left off. Be sure to come back to this point though if you have questions up to this point, because if I post more steps from here and if you jump over some of the steps you will not have the full development of QWC in a step by step bottom up process of reasonable and responsible speculation.

 

That has been the reason why our mutual friends and a long line of others have seemed to have only a surface level of understanding.

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Back to QWC' date=' I don't understand how the apparent Universal expansion can appear to be so uniform and unidirectional with all of these intersecting arenas. Also, I have questions related to entropy but you mentioned that you were going to expand on that.

[/quote']

About the “apparent Universal expansion” appearing so uniform and unidirectional; I’m almost sure you understand that patches of space contain arenas and the content of matter and energy in a patch of space can be expanding until it overlaps, and then the content of matter and energy in the overlap change from “expansion” to collapse. The space is not expanding or contracting, it is the motion of the galaxies within those patches (arenas) of space.

 

Think through the overlap of two expanding arenas from this perspective: The portion of the arenas that are not involved in the overlap just keep moving away from the overlap, while the portion that is included in the overlap has its momentum interrupted. In other words a significant portion of the galaxies in the parent arenas just keep moving away from the overlap.

 

That much I have said, but from there if you move your reference frame to within the overlap space here is what you will see if you have QWC vision :

 

You will see the galaxies that have been caught up in the overlap begin to experience a change in momentum, while the galaxies in the rest of the space that is occupied by the two intersecting arenas seem to be almost unaffected by the change in momentum and continue to move away. Those galaxies will continue to move away from the overlap space because they have not had their momentum sufficiently interrupted by the gravitational pull from the other arena.

 

Over time the overlap will encompass a greater and greater portion of the two arenas but the length of time for a crunch to form and burst ultimately determines the portions. Just have the idea that the crunch forms from a finite “arena quantum of energy” in the form of galactic mass and once the big crunch forms and bursts (it only needs this quantity of mass and energy to burst), there are still significant numbers of galaxies that were not yet pulled into the crunch and many of those are moving away and are now somewhere out there in the greater univese.

 

The galaxies in the overlap where our reference frame has taken up position will clearly be affected by the overlap. Whole galaxies will head toward each other and seemingly pass through each other, but there will be collisions of stars, gamma blasts will evidence that, and there will be significant merging and swirling of galaxies as the overlap progresses.

 

A big crunch forms from the mixing and mingling under the influence of gravity.

 

Time is a factor so let’s look at the physical movement of galaxies in the outside portion of the intersecting arenas relative to the movement of the galaxies caught up within the overlap at several time milestones:

 

Time 1, the intersection occurs at a point in space. All of the galaxies in both arenas are moving away from all of the other galaxies in their respective arenas as if each arena has its own co-moving coordinate system (which they do).

 

Time 2, the overlap has formed and progressed to the point where there is enough galactic material to provide the “arena quantum” of energy in the overlap, i.e. if this discrete amount of matter and energy enters the big crunch, then there will be sufficient energy density in the crunch to cause that crunch to fail and burst.

 

Time 3, the crunch has matured and reached the instant of the burst.

 

The portions of the two parent arenas that were not pulled into the crunch and that are still moving away from the crunch will keep going until they possibly get caught up in another overlap somewhere out in the landscape of the greater universe.

 

The portions of the two parents that have entered the crunch are gone, negated to dense state energy.

 

The “limbo portion” that may have been moving toward the crunch but didn’t make it in before the burst; well you don’t want to be them. They will be overtaken by the “arena wave” of energy from the big burst and depending on their momentum and proximity, they will be mere perturbations in the energy density of the newly formed and expanding arena.

 

You mentioned the great attractor within our own arena earlier; well that structure could be the result of the accretion disk of galactic mass that was incoming when our big crunch had its burst.

 

I’ve gone on about this; tell me if I have answered your question about the “apparent Universal expansion” appearing so uniform and unidirectional?

Edited May 30, 2009 by brain-in-a-vat
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[Piltdown man]

It is good that other ideas can be discussed, but like all others, you are making it more complex than it needs to be. There was no crunch, and there will be no crunch. Ours is a single use, one-off, throwaway universe. It is a universe of two parts, the small and the large. There is only one mystery; and that is "why are there any forces?" And all of these are contained within the atom. The large scale universe is simply an overlarge handful of dust whose bid for freedom has been thwarted, and controlled by, gravity. The large scale movements are not difficult to figure out. Indeed, explaining how our solar system works is far more complicated!

[brain-in-a-vat]

QWC has selected the most likely cause of expansion and asks for comments and ideas to build on the idea that (step 1) the Big Bang was preceded by a big crunch.

 

QWC has the idea that if there was one bang, there could have been many bangs, and if two expanding arenas intersect and overlap, their expansion momentum would be interrupted and a big crunch would form as gravity takes over and causes the galactic material to collapse around a center of gravity.

 

Each new crunch that forms from those overlaps will itself reach a limit of energy density and burst into expansion.

 

Step 2 moves forward from the big crunch idea in step 1. There are 36 reasonable and responsible step by step speculations in step two of Quantum Wave Cosmology that describe the process of “arena action” and show how the force of arena action defeats entropy:

 

2.1 Arenas begin with the overlap of two expanding arenas that have been expanding in space. A new arena then forms in the space where the overlap occurs and includes the galactic material and energy that occupies that space containing that overlap.

 

2.2 The “greater universe” is composed of a potentially infinite number of arenas similar to our own that expand and overlap.

 

2.3 The expansion momentum is interrupted in the overlap space. Gravity takes over and causes the galactic material to collapse around a center of gravity.

 

Arena action begins with the overlap of two arenas and is about what happens to the matter and energy in the overlap space as gravity takes over from expansion. Steps 2.1 – 2.3 represent the first phase of arena action leading to the formation of a big crunch.

 

The second phase of arena action deals with the nature of the big crunch.

 

2.4 A big crunch is composed of galactic matter, dark matter, electromagnetic radiation, and any other form of energy that exists in an arena that is expanding. Gravity however has replaced dark energy as the controlling force.

 

2.5 The acceleration of gravity causes heat and pressure within massive objects.

 

2.6 The arenas that have overlapped to form the big crunch each contained the matter and energy equivalent to a single big crunch and so when they overlap, only half of each parent arena is required to provide the full arena quantum of matter and energy for a new big crunch.

 

2.7 Galactic matter continues to accrete into the crunch increasing the internal heat and pressure. Heat and pressure translate to increasing energy density in the core of the big crunch.

 

2.8 There is a maximum energy density at which matter can function. Particles cease to function when that limit is reached. Particles that reach that limit are “negated” from matter to dense state energy.

 

The concept of “dense state” energy is introduced in that step: Dense state energy consists of the energy remnant of particles what have been compressed by heat and pressure inside a big crunch.

 

2.9 All particles require sufficient space to function and the heat and pressure inside a big crunch deny the particle that required space and the particle ceases to function.

 

2.10 Gravity is a function of mass and when particles cease to function, gravity ceases to emanate from the negated matter. The core of the big crunch accumulates the negated matter in the form of a growing core of dense state energy.

 

2.11 Dense state energy is under great pressure and has expansion potential that is contained by the gravity exerted by the matter that surrounds the core and that is continuing to accrete into the big crunch.

 

2.12 There is a maximum limit to the highest possible energy density and when that limit is reached in the core of negated matter, the heat and pressure are focused at the surface of the growing core. The growing compression no longer affects the core itself which has reached the maximum possible energy density.

 

Steps 2.4 - 2.12 represent the second phase in “arena action” called the high density phase. They bring us to the point where the highest possible energy density has been reached and that marks the point where the failure of the big crunch is assured to result in a big burst. Critical capacity has been assured.

 

That statement introduces the concept of “critical capacity” of a big crunch: critical capacity is an arena quantum of matter and energy and when that capacity is accumulated in the crunch, the crunch has matured and its final stages make up the next phase in “arena action”, i.e. the burst.

 

2.13 The negated core of the crunch exerts no gravity but the compression that maintains the crunch is still being fed by the accretion disk formed from the matter in the overlap space as it swirls into the crunch. The expansion potential energy is building up in the core of dense state energy and the size of the core is increasing.

 

2.14 These two processes reach a breaking point because as the core grows, the gravity exerted by the crunch declines, and as the accretion continues that gravity that contains the core is maintained.

 

2.15 Equilibrium does not occur unless the heat and pressure of the core no longer is capable of negating matter into dense state energy. But the accretion assures the continuing heat and pressure will continue at an accelerating rate since negation is taking place across a larger and large core surface at all times.

 

2.16 The growing core will decrease gravity faster than accretion can maintain it and at the same time the expansion potential of the dense state energy at the core grows at an increasing rate.

 

2.17 The crunch fails when the expansion potential of the core exceeds the compression of the surrounding un-negated matter in the big crunch.

 

Steps 2.13 – 2.17 represent the third phase of “arena action”. The big crunch has reached the bursting point.

 

2.18 The burst occurs. The rapid expansion the extremely dense energy at the core rips through the remaining matter surrounding the core and that action creates enough acceleration and heat to negate the surrounding matter.

 

2.19 As the expanding ball of dark energy expands, plasma is formed made up of the un-negated particles in the portion of the crunch, the accretion disk surrounding the crunch, and in the common background matter and energy that fills all space.

 

2.20 As the burst of dense state energy rips through this environment it will cause tiny temperature perturbations in the form of pre-matter plasma in the expanding ball of dense dark energy.

 

Two concepts are introduced in the previous step:

 

The concept of dark energy has been introduced: Dark energy is expanding energy that emerges from the core of a big crunch when the burst in phase three of arena action occurs. The nature of dark energy is described throughout the steps that make up the remaining phases of arena action but it is essentially the cause of expansion momentum. Expansion momentum is imparted to matter as it forms and is transferred to particles and eventually to stars and galaxies as they form. Dark energy translates into the observation that galaxies are all moving away from each other because the tiniest particles that make up the stars and galaxies all had expansion momentum imparted to them as they formed .

 

The concept of pre-matter plasma is meant to distinguish between plasma that forms when matter is energized by increasing acceleration, or increasing heat and pressure and the pre-matter plasma that forms from dark energy as acceleration and heat and pressure are declining from dense state of energy, a form of energy that contains no particles.

 

Steps 2.18 and 2.19 are the “burst” which is the fourth phase of “arena action”.

 

2.20 The dark energy at this point is too dense for matter to form but is expanding, supposedly at the speed of light.

 

2.21 Everything it encompasses as it expands has expansion energy imparted to it creating plasma in the surrounding space as the dark energy expands and encompasses the matter and energy surrounding the crunch.

 

2.22 That plasma now exists within the expanding ball of dark energy and is the source of matter formation as the arena expands and cools.

 

2.23 There is an energy density reached in this expanding energy environment that is ideal for matter formation and matter forms almost simultaneously across the expanding plasma.

 

2.23 As matter forms in the expanding arena it has momentum as it forms. The momentum is imparted to it by the expansion of the dark energy and plasma within which it forms.

 

2.24 At the instant of abundant matter formation all matter is dark matter.

 

The concept of dark matter is introduced in that last step: Dark matter is initially connected in the form of the plasma that forms in the space surrounding the burst. It takes the form of dark matter at the point that the expansion has brought the arena to an energy density that accommodates abundant matter formation. That is when dark matter begins to display its most important characteristic; it exerts gravity.

 

Steps 2.20 – 2.24 represent the fifth phase of “arena action” between the burst and the onset of gravity emitted within the expanding arena.

 

The characteristic of gravity gives rise to action that is taking place starting with this phase of “arena action”. Gravity and mass are characteristics of a process called “quantum action” and the level of order where quantum action occurs comes into existence within an arena when the threshold of abundant matter formation occurs. Quantum action is addressed separately in step three within the set of ideas that make up Quantum Wave Cosmology. Quantum action is ongoing within arenas until overlaps form and until the matter in the overlaps collapses and cause energy density to increase beyond the point where matter can function. The existence of matter throughout the overlap and collapse physically connects each arena to the past history of the greater universe.

 

2.25 Rapid expansion of this homogeneous ball of plasma causes small patches of dark matter to form. As soon as the patches form they form focus points around their individual centers of gravity. As the patches take shape into individual pre-particle groups there is constant and consistent expansion occurring in the energy environment surrounding them.

 

2.26 The small groups begin to clump as gravity pulls them toward each other with more force than the expansion force of dark energy is able to overcome. The ball of dark energy has become an expanding ball of dark matter and that dark matter is clumping into pre-particles at an extremely high energy density. This prevailing energy density has declined to the threshold where matter can form as pre-particles.

 

2.27 The pre-particle patches of dark matter have expansion momentum while they clump together due to their gravity. The result is that the clumps are all moving away from each other but are at the same time attracted to each other by their gravity.

 

2.28 During this early period of matter formation the force of gravity is greater than the expansion momentum and the dark matter begins to form particles with new characteristics.

 

2.29 Particles with mass, charge, momentum and spin form and become the particles that are described in the standard particle model.

 

Discussion of the standard particle model is a point of connection between QWC and mainstream science. Much is written on the subject and QWC does not defend any mainstream theory because they are accepted and defended by those who support them.

 

2.30 As expansion continues and gravity causes larger and larger clumps, stars are formed across the entire arena. These are huge fast burning stars that are short lived but they leave huge temperature perturbations within the arena and those perturbations contain the energy equivalent of whole galaxies.

 

2.31 Stars from within this environment in much the same way as particles formed in the earlier and denser environment.

 

2.32 Galaxies form from these perturbations and because of the expansion momentum characteristic of all particles, the galaxies are all moving away from each other.

 

2.33 The formation of galaxies in the arena occurs after the first round of huge hot stars burn out, explode and create their lasting temperature imprint on the arena.

 

2.34 The galactic coordinate system of the arena is established and the distance between the galaxies, aside from local groups of galaxies, is increasing.

 

2.35 The rate of separation of galaxies in the coordinate system is accelerating because the expansion momentum of the galaxies now exceeds the gravitational attraction between galaxies. The acceleration is the observed effect of the inverse square rule as the distance between the galaxies increases.

 

2.36 All objects move through space in curved paths due to the time delay of gravity. Objects under the influence of gravity always move in curved paths because of the gravitational time delay. The path that objects follow through space is always affected by all other bodies in space, but by the time the information about the mass, location and momentum of the distant objects travel supposedly at the speed of light to the other objects, all of the objects have moved. The result is that the gravitational effect is always pointing behind the objects that are causing the effect. Since all objects are moving, the path of all objects is always curved.

 

Steps 2.25 to 2.36 represent the sixth phase of “arena action” where gravity and expansion moment carryout a struggle for supremacy, and where expansion moment wins until expansion is interrupted in such a way that gravity again gains control. Arena action is a perpetual process that connects each new arena to the history of the entire universe and produces new arenas to carry on the heritage.

 

This brings us full circle to the point where expanding arenas intersect and overlap. Go the step 2.1 which starts at the point where two parent arenas intersect and overlap to give birth to a new arena.

 

2.1 Arenas begin with the overlap of two expanding arenas that have been expanding in space. A new arena then forms in the space where the overlap occurs and includes the galactic material and energy that occupies that space containing that overlap.

 

Entropy is defeated by the arena process. The detail steps that make up step 2 of the set of ideas called Quantum Wave Cosmology are preceded by high entropy arenas where mature galaxies are all moving away from each other as entropy increases. If nothing happens to interrupt the expansion or to reverse the progress of entropy, the end result will be “heat death” as all useful energy is consumed.

 

But in step 2.1 that interruption occurs and as you follow the step by step speculations on through step 2.20 you are introduced to the process of reverse entropy. The burst of the big crunch is the lowest entropy environment in QWC and presents an arena now consisting entirely of useful energy where entropy is just beginning.

 

Energy cannot be created or destroyed but matter can form from energy and the energy that makes up that matter can be negated back into useful energy according to the step by step speculations of QWC.

 

The idea is that the events leading to a big crunch and burst are common events across the landscape of the greater universe. One clue to them being common is that they occur with the input of a finite amount of matter and energy, an “arena quantum”. Since it takes two parent arenas to form a new arena, there must be more that one “arena quantum” of energy. Since the two parents themselves had to have formed from two separate arenas each, there is a history of four arenas and four “arena quanta” of energy, and so on leading to the concept of a potentially infinite number of finite arenas across potentially infinite space.