Could someone briefly explain what this means?!

[Guest buffbison]

I'm writing a research paper about adult stem cells, and I have came across termology im unfamiliar with. The term is canonical wingless pathway. In a report I have found <http://www.jbc.org.proxy.lib.ohio-state.edu/cgi/reprint/M406275200v1> this below is an exerpt how it is being used. thanks.

 

"It is established that human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow are a source of osteoblast progenitors in vivo and under appropriate conditions, differentiate into osteoblasts ex vivo. Since hMSCs are recovered by iliac crest aspirate and enriched by virtue of their adherence to tissue culture plastic, the cells provide a convenient ex vivo model for the study of osteogenic tissue repair in an experimentally accessible system. Recent advances in the field of skeletal development and osteogenesis have demonstrated that signaling through the canonical wingless (Wnt) pathway is critical for the differentiation of progenitor cell lines into osteoblasts. Inhibition of such signals can predispose MSCs to cell cycle entry and inhibit osteogenesis. Here, we report that synthetic peptides derived from the second cysteine rich domain of the canonical Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) have utility in controlling the growth and recovery of hMSCs from bone marrow stroma.

[Guest buffbison]

I'm writing a research paper about adult stem cells, and I have came across termology im unfamiliar with. The term is canonical wingless pathway. In a report I have found <http://www.jbc.org.proxy.lib.ohio-state.edu/cgi/reprint/M406275200v1> this below is an exerpt how it is being used. thanks.

 

"It is established that human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow are a source of osteoblast progenitors in vivo and under appropriate conditions, differentiate into osteoblasts ex vivo. Since hMSCs are recovered by iliac crest aspirate and enriched by virtue of their adherence to tissue culture plastic, the cells provide a convenient ex vivo model for the study of osteogenic tissue repair in an experimentally accessible system. Recent advances in the field of skeletal development and osteogenesis have demonstrated that signaling through the canonical wingless (Wnt) pathway is critical for the differentiation of progenitor cell lines into osteoblasts. Inhibition of such signals can predispose MSCs to cell cycle entry and inhibit osteogenesis. Here, we report that synthetic peptides derived from the second cysteine rich domain of the canonical Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) have utility in controlling the growth and recovery of hMSCs from bone marrow stroma.

[Guest buffbison]

This is how im using the term as well... (this is the report that i've completed so far)

 

Jason Ison

Mr. Edwards

BIO – 121S

10 November 2004

Adult Stem Cell Research Holds Promises of Cures for Disease

Adult stem cell research continues to promise medical breakthroughs which may lead to possible cures for disease in humans (Holland, Lebacqz, and Zoloth 144). Before explaining the possibilities of adult stem cell research, it is important to understand the properties of an adult stem cell. An adult stem cell is structured with a DNA encoded nucleus that “programs” the stem cell (Campbell, Reece, Mitchell, and Taylor 214). The type of program encoded in the stem cell, will determine the cell’s state in differentiation into a functional cell. Meaning stem cells has the capability to transform themselves into specialized cells. The specialized cells produced from the stem cells could be used to repair organ, bone, and nerve tissues in the human body (Campbell, Reece, Mitchell, and Taylor 215).

The intention of this report is to provide information obtained from published materials on the possibilities of adult stem cell research actively performed. Moreover, this report includes some studies conducted by scientists who conduct medical research using adult stem cells.

The biological significance of adult stem cell research is that it could be used to build blueprints of a human body, i.e. cells and tissues. The blueprint created by adult stem cells, could lead to the understanding of normal and abnormal functions of cells and tissues in our bodies, researchers could use the data to develop cures for disease (Holland, Lebacqz, and Zoloth 5-6). Studies of the blueprint and the functions of cells may provide scientists the tools to create roadmaps for predicting disease that may occur in the future (Stem Cells: Scientific Progress and Future Research Directions 176). The prediction of disease will provide essential information to scientists who can begin to work on prevention, treatment, and cures for disease. The extracted genetic DNA in the adult stem cell could also be used for fabricating genetic alternations. These alternations to the genetic DNA could lead to manipulation of genes. It is believed the genetic changes could be used to enhance mobility, improve the overall health, and maybe even increase mental capabilities (Stock 12).

Literature research had not uncovered many articles describing completed projects. However, “Dkk-1 Derived Synthetic Peptides and Lithium Chloride for the Control and Recovery of Adult Stem Cells from Bone Marrow.” (Gregory et al. 3); explain adult stem cells derived from bone marrow, are capable to differentiate through “synthetic peptide canonical wingless pathway in progenitor cell lines” to produce osteoblasts, a bone forming cell. The osteoblasts created from the adult stem cells, can be used for repairing skeletal systems in our bodies. Implanted osteoblasts to damaged bone tissue could divide themselves into linking cells of osteoblasts, creating a tissue which could repair the damaged bone tissue. This method of repairing skeletal systems could lead to strengthening of weak bones caused by skeletal disease in humans, decrease the healing time needed for fractured bones that are brittle, and may assist in individuals with broken hips and replacement hip surgeries.

[Guest buffbison]

This is how im using the term as well... (this is the report that i've completed so far)

 

Jason Ison

Mr. Edwards

BIO – 121S

10 November 2004

Adult Stem Cell Research Holds Promises of Cures for Disease

Adult stem cell research continues to promise medical breakthroughs which may lead to possible cures for disease in humans (Holland, Lebacqz, and Zoloth 144). Before explaining the possibilities of adult stem cell research, it is important to understand the properties of an adult stem cell. An adult stem cell is structured with a DNA encoded nucleus that “programs” the stem cell (Campbell, Reece, Mitchell, and Taylor 214). The type of program encoded in the stem cell, will determine the cell’s state in differentiation into a functional cell. Meaning stem cells has the capability to transform themselves into specialized cells. The specialized cells produced from the stem cells could be used to repair organ, bone, and nerve tissues in the human body (Campbell, Reece, Mitchell, and Taylor 215).

The intention of this report is to provide information obtained from published materials on the possibilities of adult stem cell research actively performed. Moreover, this report includes some studies conducted by scientists who conduct medical research using adult stem cells.

The biological significance of adult stem cell research is that it could be used to build blueprints of a human body, i.e. cells and tissues. The blueprint created by adult stem cells, could lead to the understanding of normal and abnormal functions of cells and tissues in our bodies, researchers could use the data to develop cures for disease (Holland, Lebacqz, and Zoloth 5-6). Studies of the blueprint and the functions of cells may provide scientists the tools to create roadmaps for predicting disease that may occur in the future (Stem Cells: Scientific Progress and Future Research Directions 176). The prediction of disease will provide essential information to scientists who can begin to work on prevention, treatment, and cures for disease. The extracted genetic DNA in the adult stem cell could also be used for fabricating genetic alternations. These alternations to the genetic DNA could lead to manipulation of genes. It is believed the genetic changes could be used to enhance mobility, improve the overall health, and maybe even increase mental capabilities (Stock 12).

Literature research had not uncovered many articles describing completed projects. However, “Dkk-1 Derived Synthetic Peptides and Lithium Chloride for the Control and Recovery of Adult Stem Cells from Bone Marrow.” (Gregory et al. 3); explain adult stem cells derived from bone marrow, are capable to differentiate through “synthetic peptide canonical wingless pathway in progenitor cell lines” to produce osteoblasts, a bone forming cell. The osteoblasts created from the adult stem cells, can be used for repairing skeletal systems in our bodies. Implanted osteoblasts to damaged bone tissue could divide themselves into linking cells of osteoblasts, creating a tissue which could repair the damaged bone tissue. This method of repairing skeletal systems could lead to strengthening of weak bones caused by skeletal disease in humans, decrease the healing time needed for fractured bones that are brittle, and may assist in individuals with broken hips and replacement hip surgeries.