Atomic Structure and Star Formation

[johnreed]

The Least Action Consistent Stable Universe and the Mathematics

Modified June 6, 2009, Reviewed March 15, 2011

John Lawrence Reed, Jr.

Section 8 in part from:

 

johnreed Take 23 - Dark Matter

August 8, 2007 Modified 2009

 

The disparity in the measure of mass in distant galaxies, has caused us to propose a type of matter called the dark-matter. "Today most astronomers and physicists believe that this is the right answer to the puzzle. There is missing matter, which is actually there but which we don't see. This mysterious missing matter is referred to as the dark matter. The dark-matter hypothesis is preferred mostly because the only other possibility --- that we are wrong about Newton's laws, and by extension general relativity --- is too scary to contemplate." Quote taken from "The Trouble With Physics", 2005, Lee Smolin, PhD.

 

In a previous post "johnreed Take 5.1" I introduced my earliest thinking on atomic structure. I looked at the planet orbits and I looked at the iron filings arrayed around a magnet. I shrunk that magnetic field down to two interlocking circles. From there I could construct an atom up to iron in a coherent diagramatic manner consistent with quantum mechanics. Once we have the efficient structure of the iron atom that evolves at the cores of stars, further efficiency appears to demand a constructive super compressed electromagnetic fusion process that occurs on the order of: [o+o=O] rather than [o+o=2o]. Eliminating internal atomic electron objects also modified the Pauli Principle. In effect my proposed atomic structure the "randaminor" (see take 25) led me to the formation of star cores, the "randamajor"..

 

In other words the cores of stars do not collapse under gravitational force into self consuming singularities but rather join in a least action consistent counteraction to relentless pressure, in a compressed fusion process, and collapse as one giant space optimized atom whose spectra is shifted by size into the red. This core then acts in a manner similar to the theoretical activity attributed to black holes. The thrust of this idea is that under the extreme conditions of pressure that are believed to exist within star forming galactic clouds, the electromagnetic properties of the relentlessly compressed atoms control such that the internal atomic electromagnetic structure of each atom is aligned in the most efficient manner to preserve atomic integrity. Externally each atom shifts position, maximizing the efficiency of the stable internal structure. As the pressure continues to increase, the range of the efficiently ordered internal electromagnetic atomic fields extend beyond the physical limit of each atom, and as the atomic matter continues to compress, the aligned fields inside and outside the atom ultimately "constructively" join [1]. A collapse of the cloud core ensues, as the join of many electromagnetically optimized atoms, into one (or perhaps several) superatom(s), releases the less efficiently used, individual atomic, occupied space.

 

The collapsed cloud core takes with it a surface covering of primarily, non-super condensed internal galactic cloud matter. This covering may include attendant, partially "efficient" condensed matter, that we see today as sun spots [3]. A shock wave results from this process such that much of the surface covering of the collapsed star core is blown away in (nearly) all directions in space. Much of this debris ultimately returns to the newly formed star, while much of it returns to the spatial location consistent with its origin, now far outside the surface of the collapsed cloud core, and passes around the star to be thrown into a distant star space orbit. The controlling process here is super-electromagnetic rather than gravitational (See johnreed Take 25).

 

The creation of any or all atomic elements during the compression process may occur prior to the collapse and control of the most efficiently constructed atoms. Super "randamajor" electromagnetic current, and plasma polar arcs may extend from the collapsed cloud core and ultimately join near the plane of the ecliptic to complete a circuit. These polar arcs travel around the newly collapsed star to focus the formation of the inner planets along the plane of the ecliptic. From my rough guesstimates, based on the average diameter of atoms and nuclei, and on a varying diameter for the sun, such a collapse could free up at minimum, 96% of the space previously occupied by the individual atoms. Again by similar calculations, this could encompass a volume that extends minimally to the outermost terrestrial planets.

 

This process replaces neutron stars, and blackholes. It also nicely incorporates all the exotic cosmology items we have so far observed, that I am aware of. The matter that we don't see (measure), and call dark or non-illuminating, or reflecting matter is, accounted for in part (or in full), by the super condensed “randamajor” matter inside the star cores. The reason we do not detect any gravitational signature here, is due to the same reason we cannot detect the so called gravitational waves. We are looking for the wrong evidence. Gravitational waves do not exist.

johnreed

 

Moderators

If this appears too bizarre even for speculation then put it in another category where I can build on it as well as take criticism from it. The above is a shortened intro on this topic. I have included it in raw form with little supporting logic and no quantitative rigor. I have seen the most lame ideas you can imagine supported by some kind of gravitationally based math. To keep it brief for your benefit I give the idea. Your belief in gravity will prevent most of you from seriously entertaining this initially. It grows on you the more you think about it. Anyway if this is not rejected I will continue. Thanks for reading it in any event.

johnreed

[ACG52]

Word salad.

[johnreed]

Consider a pure element. On a balance scale, imagine that we can place

one atom at a time from that pure element, in a pan. We have a

standard weight calibrated in mass units in the other pan. We can

(theoretically) place one pure element atom at a time in one pan until

it is balanced against the standard mass in the other pan. When we

lift either the pan with atoms or the pan with the standard mass we

feel weight. We feel the combination [mg] at location [g]

We feel at location [g], the cumulative resistance (mass) of the

number of atoms in the pure element pan at that location. In this

example the balance scale compares the resistance of a quantity of

pure element atoms to the resistance of a quantity of matter

calibrated in mass units. Each atom in the pure element pan is

uniformly acted upon by the planet attractor.

 

 

In the pure atom pan we are measuring the cumulative resistance of the

number of atoms. We call this "mass", because we are measuring the

cumulative comparative resistance of atoms in the pure element pan

against the object in the pan calibrated in mass units.

 

Is this uniform action on each atom a consequence of each atom being

identical in the pure element? Or is it a consequence of the planet

attractor's uniform action on atoms in general? The number of atoms in

each of the described pans need not be the same.

 

 

Is the mass of the calibrated object also the cumulative resistance of the atoms in that object?

 

johnreed

 

<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

 

This is one of the places I am headed with my work on gravity beginning with a balamce scale. Most if not all of our present physical cosmological science is based on gravity. Most all of our physical mathematics is based on gravity. I will assume that my reader has some knowledge of the idea of black holes and white dwarfs and neutron stars and how they are supposedly formed and from this point I will introduce a completely different premise. I was originally working on atomic structure when my results forced me to question gravity. However for the purpose of this hopefully short dissertation I will start with the idea that super dense objects exist in the universe and for the moment we will say that gravity caused this. So for the purpose of this paper I am only going to argue that gravity is not controlling. A shade easier on my reader.

 

I have written on this before and will include a part of a paper I wrote some years back. Its much easier on me this way.

 

The Least Action Consistent Stable Universe and the Mathematics

Modified June 6, 2009, Reviewed March 15, 2011

John Lawrence Reed, Jr.

Section 8 in part from:

 

johnreed Take 23 - Dark Matter

August 8, 2007 Modified 2009

 

The disparity in the measure of mass in distant galaxies, has caused us to propose a type of matter called the dark-matter. "Today most astronomers and physicists believe that this is the right answer to the puzzle. There is missing matter, which is actually there but which we don't see. This mysterious missing matter is referred to as the dark matter. The dark-matter hypothesis is preferred mostly because the only other possibility --- that we are wrong about Newton's laws, and by extension general relativity --- is too scary to contemplate." Quote taken from "The Trouble With Physics", 2005, Lee Smolin, PhD.

 

In a previous post "johnreed Take 5.1" I introduced my earliest thinking on atomic structure. I looked at the planet orbits and I looked at the iron filings arrayed around a magnet. I shrunk that magnetic field down to two interlocking circles. From there I could construct an atom up to iron in a coherent diagramatic manner consistent with quantum mechanics. Once we have the efficient structure of the iron atom that evolves at the cores of stars, further efficiency appears to demand a constructive super compressed electromagnetic fusion process that occurs on the order of: [o+o=O] rather than [o+o=2o]. Eliminating internal atomic electron objects also modified the Pauli Principle. In effect my proposed atomic structure the "randaminor" (see take 25) led me to the formation of star cores, the "randamajor"..

 

In other words the cores of stars do not collapse under gravitational force into self consuming singularities but rather join in a least action consistent counteraction to relentless pressure, in a compressed fusion process, and collapse as one giant space optimized atom whose spectra is shifted by size into the red. This core then acts in a manner similar to the theoretical activity attributed to black holes. The thrust of this idea is that under the extreme conditions of pressure that are believed to exist within star forming galactic clouds, the electromagnetic properties of the relentlessly compressed atoms control such that the internal atomic electromagnetic structure of each atom is aligned in the most efficient manner to preserve atomic integrity. Externally each atom shifts position, maximizing the efficiency of the stable internal structure. As the pressure continues to increase, the range of the efficiently ordered internal electromagnetic atomic fields extend beyond the physical limit of each atom, and as the atomic matter continues to compress, the aligned fields inside and outside the atom ultimately "constructively" join [1]. A collapse of the cloud core ensues, as the join of many electromagnetically optimized atoms, into one (or perhaps several) superatom(s), releases the less efficiently used, individual atomic, occupied space.

 

The collapsed cloud core takes with it a surface covering of primarily, non-super condensed internal galactic cloud matter. This covering may include attendant, partially "efficient" condensed matter, that we see today as sun spots [3]. A shock wave results from this process such that much of the surface covering of the collapsed star core is blown away in (nearly) all directions in space. Much of this debris ultimately returns to the newly formed star, while much of it returns to the spatial location consistent with its origin, now far outside the surface of the collapsed cloud core, and passes around the star to be thrown into a distant star space orbit. The controlling process here is super-electromagnetic rather than gravitational (See johnreed Take 25).

 

The creation of any or all atomic elements during the compression process may occur prior to the collapse and control of the most efficiently constructed atoms. Super "randamajor" electromagnetic current, and plasma polar arcs may extend from the collapsed cloud core and ultimately join near the plane of the ecliptic to complete a circuit. These polar arcs travel around the newly collapsed star to focus the formation of the inner planets along the plane of the ecliptic. From my rough guesstimates, based on the average diameter of atoms and nuclei, and on a varying diameter for the sun, such a collapse could free up at minimum, 96% of the space previously occupied by the individual atoms. Again by similar calculations, this could encompass a volume that extends minimally to the outermost terrestrial planets.

 

This process replaces neutron stars, and blackholes. It also nicely incorporates all the exotic cosmology items we have so far observed, that I am aware of. The matter that we don't see (measure), and call dark or non-illuminating, or reflecting matter is, accounted for in part (or in full), by the super condensed “randamajor” matter inside the star cores. The reason we do not detect any gravitational signature here, is due to the same reason we cannot detect the so called gravitational waves. We are looking for the wrong evidence. Gravitational waves do not exist.

 

Yes so far all I have been presenting is word salad to some. But then the words that result from your gravitationally based math are black holes, event horizons, singularities and big bangs. Things that make no sense whatsoever without your rather primitive belief in a universe controlling gravitational attraction based on quantities that you feel anywhere you can go.

 

Building stable matter out of unstable shards of matter that result from destroying stable matter through the crude approach of head on collisions just seemed to me to be unnending. How many unstable states of matter can we generate just by changing initial conditions?

 

Until my stuff gets tossed into the trash I have a whole lot more word salad for you. Ya'll started with gravity and particles. So did I actually until my results forced me to deal with electromagnetics and two chained circles. Which provides a novel explanation (word salad) for Einstein-Bose. I'll send that one next.

Have a good time folks.johnreed

 

Word salad.

 

 

 

[ACG52]

More word salad.

 

Do you use a random phrase generator?

[johnreed]

On Aug 26 2010, 5:04 pm, thejohnlreed wrote:

> Section 10 Einstein-Bose

> johnreed

> August 26, 2010

>

> I have indicated that I intend to define atomic structure in terms of compacted electromagnetic fields. A place to start begins with two interlocked circles the circumference of each, passing orthogonally through the other’s center. Each circle represents an original single thread of say, tired light.

>

> The Einstein-Bose Condensate

 

> So that, following the chained join, we may have one circle contract toward the join point (the opposing ends) of the other circle, while that other circle expands? This option is of prime interest to me at present. Both circles where one circle (the expanded circle) represents what becomes

> electric current and the other circle (the contracted circle) represents what becomes its generated or binding magnetic field.

>

> Developing this construct as a build from rings (circles), the contracted ring(s) serving in place of the measured mass of the so called neutron(s) and proton(s), surrounding the dense section (think of the Hall effect) of the expanded (rarified) electron rings, that dense section serving also as a part of the measured mass of the so called proton and neutron core nucleus. The expanded, rarified ring(s) repulsively separating uniformly around the now nuclear binding rings as wave orbitals, filling shells. The expanded ring(s) in the outermost shell(s) can easily (as the atom's interface with it's surround) partially collapse to emit a single electron (think of the Josephson and von Klitzing measurements), and can easily break apart and straighten out, on the application of continuous electric current through the atomic center.

 

> As temperature is decreased approaching absolute zero the inner shell expanded orbitals may spontaneously break apart to join the electric current to explain super-conduction. As the temperature continues to decrease or compression increases (events that are "generally always" opposite in our present "object-space" view for atomic structure) the innermost shell orbitals may also break apart and straighten out, to join the super conducting electric, current carrying inner shell orbitals of adjacent atoms, and ultimately, as a change of state, spontaneously (as a consequence solely of the temperature drop or severe compression) become a super conducting electric current condensate from many atoms, forming a composite current loop to complete a

circuit, where the formerly individual atomic contracted binding rings, are again repulsed and gathered together on the composite current loop, allowing the composite current loop to break apart and arrange symmetrically as orbitals around the repulsed, but gathered from many atom's composite binding rings, to build, in the experimentally contained, temperature lowering case, the Einstein-Bose condensate (see johnreed take 6, 15, and addendum to same).

>

See post "johnreed take 23 - Dark Matter" for the proposed increased compression case. This is the general outline. Negative or positive charges can be inserted between the contracted and expanded rings to fit the periodic table data. The Einstein-Bose expectation is conceptually explained.

 

I could develop the math here but it would be much better if someone else did. It is consistent with quantum mechanics (which isn't saying all that much). As the math can be made to fit almost any rational lwast action consistent proposal, Ptolemy for instance. What I have to do is first convince ya'll that gravity is a primitive idea of the most basic and fundamental centrist type. Before that is accomplished my work here will amount to nothing with or without the, what will be, a rather obvious direction for the mathematics of it. Have a good time. More to come until I am trashed. I have finished my posts that indicate where I am headed and will start with the various related and supportive stuff and a more definitive treatment of gravity. Ah yes word salad it is. My only responsibility here so far is rational communication. Have a good time.johnreed

More word salad.

[swansont]

I could develop the math here but it would be much better if someone else did. It is consistent with quantum mechanics (which isn't saying all that much).

 

How can you tell that it's consistent without having done the math? Science is more than hand-waving and a collection of buzzwords. Can you make any specific predictions, that might be used to falsify your thesis?

[johnreed]

jr writes>If no form of electric continually applied current passes through the center of the atom my position fails. If mass as measured on the balance scale is not a cumulative conserved comparative resistance of atoms my position fails. If we can isolate an electron object inside the atom my position fails. It turned out that quantum mechanics describes the atomic structure I propose. That was a convenient accident rather than a specific build by me to apply the math. If I cannot unseat gravity my position fails to even be entertained no matter what I do to it. I continue with the following

 

 

Some 2000 years after the Ancient Greeks, Tycho Brahe's careful observations on the behavior of solar planetary bodies and Kepler's subsequent careful analysis of those observations revealed that the symmetry is in time and space. The predictable solar time-space least action consistent symmetry was subsequently co-opted by Isaac Newton, and used as the carrier for our tactile sense of attraction to the planet, quantified in terms of our least action consistent locally isolated (surface planet) "inertial mass" and regarded as the controlling cause of the order we observe in the celestial, least action consistent universe. This was heralded as Newton's great synthesis [*] and is so considered even today. Newton had no way of knowing that mass measured on the balance scale is the omparative cumulative resistance of atoms.

 

Isaac Newton defined centripetal force in terms of his second law to act at a distance by setting his first law planet surface object on an imaginary circular path of motion at a uniform orbital speed. Newton allowed his moving (planet surface like object) to impact the internal side of the circle circumference at equidistant points to inscribe a regular polygon. He dropped a radius to the center of the circle from each vertex (B) of the polygon to describe any number of infinitely narrow equal area triangles.

 

"...but when the body is arrived at (B), suppose that a centripetal force acts at once with a great impulse".

 

Taking the length of each triangle base to the limit (approaching zero) the force vector [ma, mv/t, or dp/dt] at the vertex (B) is by definition directed along the radius toward the center of the circle as [mv^2/r][*].

 

Again, as with Ptolemy we have a perfect circle and perfect motion where here the law of areas clearly falls out as an artifact of the circle itself.

 

Note that Newton arbitrarily inserted inertial mass [m] into the least action consistent equation for circular planetary motion.

 

Newton generalized the equal areas in equal times artifact of the perfect circle uniform motion to any curved path directed radially around a point.

 

"Every body that moves in any curve line... described by a radius drawn to a point... and describes about that point areas proportional to the times is urged by a centripetal force... to that point"

 

Newton extended the property of his planet surface like orbiting object to all orbiting celestial bodies.

 

"Every body that by a radius drawn to the center of another body.. and describes about that center areas proportional to the times, is urged by a force.."

 

Newton then tied the force directly to the a priori force he felt and called gravity as [mg].

 

... "For if a body by means of its gravity revolves in a circle concentric to the earth, this gravity is the centripetal force of that body." Newton brought his notion of gravity to the mathematics as an a priori fundamental given. And as the cause of his planetary centripetal force

 

In short the force acted on any orbiting object as though that object is identical to Newton's first law planet surface object where the 2nd law force [ma] that Newton felt in response to resistance could then be proportioned to the areas and times of orbiting celestial bodies by virtue of the similar least action consistent behavior between the two. Where here Newton arbitrarily inserted the locally independently derived quantity of inertial mass as [ma] into the equation proportioning the least action consistent celestial universe to the independent locally derived planet surface least action consistent quantity inertial mass [m] as [ma] and [mg].

 

It has heretofore been a mystery to many as to why so called gravitational mass as [mg] is equal to inertial mass as [ma]. That is how Newton defined it. Essentially it states that what we feel [ma] is equal to what we feel [mg]. Totally reasonable.

 

All that was supposedly left to do to calculate the mass of planets was to acquire a constant of proportionality [*] based on interactions between planet surface inertial mass objects and the planet using the brilliant mathematics supplied by Newton.

 

This was eventually determined by Henry Cavendish by measuring minute magnitudes of torque from hanging balls that twisted a wire. So [mg=GMm/r^2] and [g=GM/r^2]. We still believe that the least action consistent motion in the universe is generated by mass and what we feel as [F] in response to a resistance we encounter [mg]. Where we feel the cumulative resistance of atoms at location [g].

 

The result is that the least action consistent universe is defined in terms of what we feel as [mg] and [ma] as least action consistent objects. A centrist view? He concluded that since it is true here it is true there. (paraphrased). Pretty reasonable thinking when the interior of planets was viewed according to Dante'. The least action consistent cosmological universe motion became geodesics with Einstein and are the result of gravity bending space-time. That gravity for a subjective force we feel and initiate in response to resistance we encounter sure has travelled a long long way.

 

I try to convey definite precise ideas so that the word salad is not gibberish. All my math so far has been in the ball park range category. Once the preliminary word salad is in place (which is all I offer that is new) I will then have time to develop a math. Thanks.johnreed

How can you tell that it's consistent without having done the math? Science is more than hand-waving and a collection of buzzwords. Can you make any specific predictions, that might be used to falsify your thesis?

 

 

 

[swansont]

I try to convey definite precise ideas so that the word salad is not gibberish.

 

I fear you have not achieved your goal.

[johnreed]

johnlawrencereed jr

 

Developing a mathematical logic through the subjective lens provided by our senses allows us to define the least action consistent [*] universe after our own least action consistent image, using the least action consistent mathematics. Our weight as [mg] and a force that we feel as [ma]. Both [g] and [a] represent acceleration. What does [m] represent? Mass? What does mass represent? An amount of matter?

 

Since [g] with respect to the balance scale is a consequence of location, anywhere the balance scale can be used, when we define an object in units of weight [mg], the quantity the balance scale is comparing is the quantity mass [m], where the quantity we are comparing is the quantity weight [mg] which changes with location. That's pretty simple isn't it?

 

When Galileo argued that all objects fall at the same rate when dropped at the same time from the same height {*} we were all amazed. We have remained amazed for the last 400 years. So amazed that we have engaged in extensive research to verify that all objects really do fall at the same rate, independent of their mass [m], when dropped at the same time at the same place from the same height (discounting air resistance).

 

We are amazed because our primary but subjective functional use for the balance scale was and is to compare weight [mg]. Consequently we think that the balance scale compares weight [mg]. Where the action of the balance scale on balance equalizes the resistance of two non-uniform (or uniform) pans of atoms, where the quantity [g] divides out of the equation. Therefore the measure of the comparative resistance is in mass [m] units. This proved to be very convenient.

This is not to say that we cannot use the balance scale for a large variety of purposes. Here I have simply pointed out that what we call gravitational acceleration [g] is a consequence of location. Therefore with respect to the balance scale all objects MUST fall at the rate of [g] at a particular location.

Word salad.