Update stady state Theory

[David Levy]

This new theory is based on the Steady state & Darwin theories.

 

It gives a comprehensive answer to the universe as we see it today.

 

Please do not compare it to the current theories (Big bang, Dark matter, quantum…). Actually, for one moment, try to forget all of those theories which you might know or believe in.

 

Please reply if you agree with this theory.

 

If you do not agree, please specify if there is any contradiction with this theory to any evidence which is available on our universe. But please do not compare it to any current theory!!!!

 

So, let's summarize the basic elements of updated steady state Theory:

 

A. Creation of matter and anti matter - the knowledge gained from the accelerator in Europe. Wikipedia: "in November 2010 reported that ATRAP group could develop a new method for producing anti-atoms - hydrogen. Method is based on the slowing down of anti-particles - protons and uniting with slow positrons." Just as scientists were able to produce anti-matter in the accelerator, it is likely that nature has managed a little bit better and could also produce the ultimate accelerator of nature which is the nucleus of Spiral Galaxy.

 

B. Galactic nucleus - the nucleus of the Spiral galaxy is supper massive black hole – Wikipedia: "A supper massive black hole defined mass ranges from 100 thousand to 10 billion solar masses. Scientists tend to assume that such ablack hole exists at the center of most galaxies in the universe, including the Milky Way. " It holds around hundreds of billions of stars. So clearly,the nucleus creates tremendous power and energy.

 

C. Fred Hoyle - Fred Hoyle estimated that galaxies have the ability to produce atoms, but he did not foresee the recent developments and the particle accelerator, and therefore did not elaborate on how and where the mass is formed.

 

D. Create a new mass - a new mass is created around the galactic nucleus. Nucleus serves as the accelerating (or generator) that creates new material. In the near distance to the nucleus, there are probably tremendous forcesand electric fields with huge energy which creates thin layers of atoms (probably - hydrogen atoms). Those atoms are moving at nearly the speed of light. Due to the pressure, speed, temperature and electric/magnetic fields more heavy atoms are formed as a result of nuclear fusion. (Eg, nuclear fusion between two atoms of hydrogen will generate helium). In this way all the atoms which are known have been created. Due to the high electric field, there is a wide range of intermolecular links. Therefore, all the following molecules are formed: water, carbon dioxide, silicates, and more. Over time, those atoms and molecules crystallize into blocks and gradually migrate outwards from the galaxy nucleus. This mass creation generates the Galactic Radiation and Background (GRAB).

 

E. Star Birth – Those blocks crystallize and form hot mass balls. Each ball absorbs additional mass and increases its size- similar to a snowball. As long as the ball is in the creation mass zone, it will get more mass and increase its size. After quite long time a hot new star will appear. If it's a high-mass star then it will keep all the light gases (due to gravity) and become a giant gas star. If the mass is significantly larger there is a chance for a nuclear burning activity than it might become a sun star. But when it is relatively small, than the gases might emitted into space and therefore, it becomes a rocky planet like Earth and Mars. Therefore, there is no need for getting help from astroide for delivering water to Earth.

 

F. New star locked by interior side of spiral arm –The newborn star migrates outwards from the galactic nucleus. The Electric fields and forces in the nucleus of the galaxy form the shape of the famous BAR which is visible inmost of the spiral galaxy. The star on the edge of the BAR continues with its outwards migration and starts penetrating to the gravitational forces of the interior side of the spiral arms. Therefore, It reduces its velocity and continue to rotate till it finely locked by the gravitational power of one of the spiral arm. It's similar to roulette ball bouncing between the cells numbers until it lost the speed and finally set in one of the cells.

 

G. Spiral arm - Spiral arm acts as a chain of star which is connected to each other by the gravitational power. This maintains the flat & high velocity. In fact, the galactic nucleus of aspiral galaxy like the Milky Way contains a mass of up to billions of suns. This core rotates on its axis and creates a circular motion for all the stars which arerelatively close to it. Thus, rotation of a star near the galactic nucleus causes a higher speed to another star which is a little farther from the nucleus. It can be simulated as series of balls which are connected by elastic cord to each other. In one side the cord is connected to a spinning axis. Hence, the velocity of the other end of the cord will be directly affected by the rotation of the axis.

The balls in this example are the stars and the elastic cord is the gravitational power. Therefore, we get the shape of the spiral galaxy.

Note that all the stars in the Milky Way galaxy orbit in a uniform direction. All in one direction. Spiral arm is the ultimate answer for the high velocity of a star which is located far away from the galactic nucleus.

 

H. A brief calculation- Most of the 400 Billion stars are located at the spiral arms. Let's say about 70 Billion stars per arm. The length of each arm is about 70,000 years light and its diameter is 1000 light year. So, by average, there are about 1 billion stars in a 1000 x 1000 light year. Hence, 1,000 stars per 1 x 1 light year. That should be good enough to hold the gravitational chain power of the spiral arm!!! No need for dark matter.

 

I. New Spiral Galaxy - Each spiral galaxy is generated from some sort of a seed (which might be a magnator or quasar).

 

J. Universe expending -Each new spiral galaxy migrates away from the Mother' spiral galaxy.Therefore, at the far end of the universe, the galaxies are moving away at ultra high speed. in the same token, the galaxies are moving in all directions. That gives an answer why the galaxies at the far end of the universe are moving faster away, while the Milky Way and Andromeda are moving to each other.

 

Edited November 16, 2012 by David Levy

[imatfaal]

!

Moderator Note

Moved to speculations as this is a new theory. Please take a moment to read the specific rules of that forum

[ajb]

What you have to do now is go away and see it your model (which may need some work) can

 

1. Explain Hubble's law (you suggest it does)
   
2. Predict the ratio of light elements
   
3. Predict the CMBR and give good agreement with the angular power spectrum
   
4. Explain galactic evolution and distribution
   

 

If it does not come close, then it will not be a good model for cosmology.

[Klaynos]

And just so we're clear, predictions need to be quantitative.

[David Levy]

Dear ajb

 

Thanks for your message.

 

Currently, I will answer your first question and add some more info about Galaxies colliding.

 

" Explain Hubble's law (you suggest it does)"

 

Hubble low - Each new spiral galaxy migrates away from the Mother' spiral galaxy. Lets assume that the migration speed is X. Therefore, assuming that there are two daughter galaxies which are moving at the opposite direction, the relative speed between those galaxies is 2X (assuming that the migration speed is the same.). In the next galaxies generation, (assuming that there are two new galaxies which move again in the opposite directions) the relative speed is 4X. After 10 generations the relative speed is 20X, after 1000 generation it is 2000X, after million generations it is 2,000,000X.

 

In order to meet the Hubble low, we need to calculate how many generations there are based on distance from Earth. This will give us the final results to Hubble low.

 

Universe expansion was an important trigger for the Big bang theory. Never the less, we all know that galaxies are moving at different directions.

 

Andromeda for example is about 2.2million light-years distant from Milky Way. However, as each hour passes, the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are getting some 600,000 miles closer to each other. So if the universe is expanding from the Big Bang, how is it possible that the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are getting closer together?

 

The best answer astronomers can give is as follows: The Milky Way and Andromeda are a bound pair of galaxies that orbit each other. Shortly after the Big Bang took place, they formed close together and initially drifted apart following the massive explosion, but since they are bound together by the force of gravity, they are now falling back together. Thus, around 2-3 billion years from now, they will collide with each other!

 

Well, It's quite difficult to say that at a distance of 2.2 Million light year there is any influent of gravity force… Please also be aware that one hour ago it was 600,000 miles further. Hence, as we go in the past it is clear that Andromeda was further and further from the Milky way.

 

To make matters more complicated, the Triangulum galaxy, M33, is also moving to our direction. There is a small chance that M33 will hit the Milky Way first.

 

So now there are three spiral galaxies which are facing each other. I'm not sure that the Big Bang Theory is the ultimate answer for that….

 

The Updated Steady state Theory gives full answer for the expansion universe, Galaxies colliding and the rezone for keeping the density of the universe constant!!!

 

This is the Ultimate Theory!!!

 

Edited November 17, 2012 by David Levy

[ACG52]

This is about the most ignorant blather I've seen in a while.

[David Levy]

To ACG52

 

Please stop your constant negative approach.

 

It seems that you have no ability to look behind your nose.

 

As I have already stated:

 

" If you do not agree, please specify if there is any contradiction with this theory to any evidence which is available on our universe. But please do not compare it to any current theory!!!!"

 

Please let me know if you still don't understand the meaning for this request.

 

Enjoy.

 

Edited November 18, 2012 by David Levy

[ajb]

So if the universe is expanding from the Big Bang, how is it possible that the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are getting closer together?

 

The global expansion of the Universe can easily be overcome by local gravitational attraction.

[michel123456]

The global expansion of the Universe can easily be overcome by local gravitational attraction.

1.If so Andromeda should be accelerating.

2. And does that mean that the standard explanation should be that the Milky Way & Andromeda are orbiting each other? Instead of colliding?

[ACG52]

1.If so Andromeda should be accelerating.

2. And does that mean that the standard explanation should be that the Milky Way & Andromeda are orbiting each other? Instead of colliding?

 

 

Andromeda is accelerating towards the Milky Way at a rate of 3.0 x 10^-12 m/s².

 

Andormeda and the Milky way are on a collision course, so no, they're not orbiting each other.

[David Levy]

Yes, I fully agree with ACG52 on this issue.

 

The Idea of the astronomers that the Milky Way and Andromeda are orbiting each other is totally unaccepted.

Also the Idea that those galaxies are bounded together by the force of gravity is absolutely illogical.

Therefore, based on the Big Bang Theory there is no real answer for the expected colliding phenomena between the three main spiral Galaxies.

 

Hence, we must look for a real alternative answer which is the updated Steady state theory.

 

Edited November 18, 2012 by David Levy

[michel123456]

Andromeda is accelerating towards the Milky Way at a rate of 3.0 x 10^-12 m/s².

Thank you for the info.

 

Andormeda and the Milky way are on a collision course, so no, they're not orbiting each other.

So galaxies that are gravitationally bound will collide?

[ajb]

[/font]Also the Idea that those galaxies are bounded together by the force of gravity is absolutely illogical.

Therefore, based on the Big Bang Theory there is no real answer for the expected colliding phenomena between the three main spiral Galaxies.

 

Can you explain your reasoning for this very carefully to me? I do not understand why reach this conclusion.

[David Levy]

Can you explain your reasoning for this very carefully to me? I do not understand why reach this conclusion.

 

Dear ajb

 

The force is proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them:^[3]

 

where:

 

F is the force between the masses,

• G is the gravitational constant,
• m₁ is the first mass,
• m₂ is the second mass, and
• r is the distance between the centers of the masses.

Please see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal_gravitation

 

 

 

Triangulum galaxy, M33, is much closer to Andromeda than the Milky Way Galaxy.

 

Andromeda has also much bigger mass than the Milky Way.

 

Therefore, as the mass is bigger and the distance is shorter, the expectation is that based on the higher gravity force, M33 will move directly to Andromeda.

 

But in reality, both galaxies are moving to to our direction.

 

Therefore, there is no Gravity force.

 

M33 and Andromeda is moving in the space almost in direct line to the milky way.

 

Hence, in the past they were much further.

 

The expectation is that 12 Billion year ago Andromeda was about 6 times further from the Milky Way.

 

Therefore, the idea of creating all the universe mass in one spot by the big bang is illogical.

 

Edited November 19, 2012 by David Levy

[Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU]

Dear ajb

 

The force is proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them:^[3]

 

where:

 

F is the force between the masses,

• G is the gravitational constant,
• m₁ is the first mass,
• m₂ is the second mass, and
• r is the distance between the centers of the masses.

Please see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal_gravitation

 

 

 

Triangulum galaxy, M33, is much closer to Andromeda than the Milky Way Galaxy.

 

Andromeda has also much bigger mass than the Milky Way.

 

Therefore, as the mass is bigger and the distance is shorter, the expectation is that based on the higher gravity force, M33 will move directly to Andromeda.

 

But in reality, both galaxies are moving to to our direction.

 

Therefore, there is no Gravity force.

 

M33 and Andromeda is moving in the space almost in direct line to the milky way.

 

Hence, in the past they were much further.

 

The expectation is that 12 Billion year ago Andromeda was about 6 times further from the Milky Way.

 

Therefore, the idea of creating all the universe mass in one spot by the big bang is illogical.

 

 

 

 

Hi,

 

It's the same théory in France :

 

http://www.sur-la-toile.com/discussion-240551-10-Densite-des-trous-noirs..html

 

 

With this French Doc Too !!

 

Erik Verlinde : The Gravity doesn't exist

http://astronad.voila.net/La_gravite_n_existe_pas.htm

 

 

(picture : Erik Verlinde)

 

of course this work with the Entropic Force

 

(inside the doc above, we have m1 m2 G r too)

Edited November 19, 2012 by Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU

[ACG52]

Therefore, as the mass is bigger and the distance is shorter, the expectation is that based on the higher gravity force, M33 will move directly to Andromeda.

 

 

Showing again that you have no understanding of physics.

 

The solar system is a gravitationally bound system. It does not all crash into the sun. In terms of glactic groups, a gravitationally bound system is one in which the gravitational force is greater than expansion. The group remains roughly together and moves in a common direction.

 

Therefore, there is no Gravity force.

 

 

Able to leap tall conclusions in a single bound.

[David Levy]

To ACG52

 

It's clear that we can't even discuss about your understanding.

You have absolutely missed the point. You do not even understand the meaning of your own mumbling contents.

The solar is based on Orbiting system.

You, in your own words have claimed that Andromeda and Milky Way do not orbit each other.

So, you do not agree with the concept of astronomers that the Milky Way and Andromeda are bound pair of galaxies which orbit each other.

Therefore, the main concept of the Big Bang that all the mass had been generated in one point in space is illogical.

 

So please stop your nonsense immediately!!!

 

Edited November 20, 2012 by David Levy

[ACG52]

Hopeless.

[Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU]

Good morning,

 

Andromeda and Milky Way do not orbit each other.

 

happily !

 

So, you do not agree with the concept of astronomers that the Milky Way and Andromeda are bound pair of galaxies which orbit each other.

 

happily too!

 

Therefore, the main concept of the Big Bang that all the mass had been generated in one point in space is illogical.

 

Yes.

 

But not in the same "time", or "system"

 

Each Galaxy is an independent system. (time, speed, size, ..). and each own is a Son's big-bang.

 

However, their journeys at present days, from at a old formations as lot's of multidirectional collisions --> after the big-bang --> until yet.

 

And then a main direction was defined, or groups ... like said ACG52 :

 

In terms of glactic groups, a gravitationally bound system is one in which the gravitational force is greater than expansion. The group remains roughly together and moves in a common direction.

 

Cordialy

Edited November 20, 2012 by Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU

[David Levy]

Yes.

But not in the same "time", or "system"

Each Galaxy is an independent system. (time, speed, size, ..). and each own is a Son's big-bang.

 

 

So, do you mean that there were several big bangs.

 

Therefore, Andromeda and Milky way are an outcome of two different Big Bangs at different locations and time…

 

Edited November 20, 2012 by David Levy

[Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU]

So, do you mean that there were several big bangs.

 

Not really ; but this is not fake too !

 

The big-bang can be compared by a permanent supply source ?!

 

But, at this moment the detonation is in a very short "time (for who ?)" .. and the distribution order that provides some galaxies one afer another. (The source can't create two things in the same time !)

 

In the following and concluded : the final management of the galactic comportement (gravitationally bound system), seams guided by a magnetic field after their birth up.

 

Be careful, there's only one point of departure. The big-bang.

It's the main center of gravity too.

[David Levy]

Not really ; but this is not fake too !

 

The big-bang can be compared by a permanent supply source ?!

 

But, at this moment the detonation is in a very short "time (for who ?)" .. and the distribution order that provides some galaxies one afer another. (The source can't create two things in the same time !)

 

 

 

Thanks

 

 

 

Andromeda for example is about 2.2 million light-years distant from Milky Way

 

Assuming that it keeps the speed and Direction, than, 13.75 Billion years ago it was about 15 Million Light years away.

 

Do you estimate that it is feasible based on the idea of the permanent supply source of the Big bang?

 

Edited November 20, 2012 by David Levy

[Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU]

The matter generate by the big-bang are handled by the following.

 

Simply.

 

Something like God ?

 

 

Do you estimate that it is feasible based on the idea of the permanent supply source of the Big bang?

 

I think this is one of the reasons that the neutrino can't catch.

 

But the speed of it will be too high.

 

We can imagine everything.

 

Imagination is more important than knowledge.

Albet Einstein.

Edited November 20, 2012 by Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU

[Klaynos]

Comparison to reality == the most important.7

 

You've failed to make any predictions. This isn't a theory.

 

I'd go as far as to say the 'prediction' given that there are mother galaxies that spin away from each other is easily shown to be false as if you split something split it again and again you'll soon found that loads are heading towards the initial position.

 

Also, Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU, can you keep your own speculation to its own thread?

[Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU]

Also, Arnaud Antoine ANDRIEU, can you keep your own speculation to its own thread?

 

Of course

 

 

everything undergoes the expansion kinetics !

 

if you split something split it again and again you'll soon found that loads are heading towards the initial position.

 

it's the same if you do it with the Earth's core.

 

Do you agree ?

 

I know that the Solar system is not the best example ; because in addition to the kinetic, the earth orbit around the sun, and the Solar system around into the Galaxy.

 

The more important is this story of the main expansion we follow.